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THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY
EDITED BY
T. E. PAGE, rirrr.p. E. CAPPS, Pn.»., rr.p. W, H. D. ROUSE, rrrr.p.
LYRA GRAECA IH
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LYRA GRAECA
BEING THE REMAINS OF ALL THE GREEK LYRIC POETS FROM EUMELUS TO TIMOTHEUS EXCEPTING PINDAR
NEWLY EDITED AND TRANSLATED BY
J. M. EDMONDS
LATE FELLOW OF JESUS COLLEGE LECTURER IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE
IN THREE VOLUMES
VoLUME III INCLUDING
CoRgiNNA BaccHyLIbES TriMOTHEUS THE ANONYMOUS FRAGMENTS THE FOLK-SONGS AND THE SCOLIA WITH AN ACCOUNT OF GREEK LRnic PoETRY
LONDON : WILLIAM HEINEMANN
NEW YORK : G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS MCMXXVII
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PREFACE
Tur third and last volume, which brings this collection down to the end of the Athenian Age, . was to have included, following Bergk's example, the Anacreontea, and to have ended with an Appendix of New Fragments published too late to be printed in the earlier volumes. "The volume's unusual length, caused among other things by the diffieulty of estimating the amount of material available, has made it necessary to transfer the Z4macreontea to a forthcoming volume containing the Greek Elegiac and Iambic Poets, and to withhold the New Frag- ments for the present. For this change I must apologise to my readers. There is this, however, to be said, that by postponing the printing of the New Fragments till a reprint of the earlier volumes is called for—and I understand that this will not be very long—1I shall be able to print them nearer to their proper places, and meanwhile most of my new * restorations' will be found in the Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society next spring.
The Account of Greek Lyric Poetry has worked out longer than I expected, but having written it I find I cannot eut it down without changing its character. It is intended to be rather more than a catalogue, which would have been unnecessary, and a good deal less than a history, which would have gone beyond the scope of this Series. I hope its discussion of origins, without which any adequate
V
PREFACE
account of the subject would be impossible, will not be thought out of place. Its position is unusual, but I do notregretit. Like many so-called introductions it will read, as it was written, the better for being taken last.
Many new readings will be found in Bacchylides, Timotheus, and Philoxenus. They have nowhere, I think, been preferred to those of earlier editors without good reason, generally palaeographical. Those of Bacchylides come of long study of the British Museum Papyri, in the chief of which a large number of the accepted readings were found inconsistent either with the length of the gap or with the possible reading of doubtful letters. The new readings of the Persae, which are mostly due to the filling of gaps not previously attempted, are based on the facsimile and confirmed by the autopsy of Dr. Schubart. With the Banquet there was still much for ordinary emendation to do; I have thought it suffüieient here to avail myself of the published accounts of the MSS.
My thanks are due to the Egypt Exploration Society for permission to include the two Encomia of Bacchylides, to Messrs. H. J. M. Milne and H. I. Bell of the British Museum and to Dr. Schubart of the Berlin Museum for their expert help with the Papyri, to Professor A. S. Hunt for access to new material and permission to print it, to Mr. A. D. Knox for several valuable suggestions, particularly with regard to the metre, on the Banquet of Phi- loxenus, to Dr. A. B. Cook and Mr. H. Rackham for giving me the benefit of their criticism of the Epilogue, to the general editors of the Series for dealing kindly with a sometimes refractory con-
vi
PREFACE
tributor, and to the staffs of the publisher and printer for giving satisfactory presentment to many pages particularly troublesome to set up.
In a recent review of a similar collection of frag- ments, it was objected that the compilers of such books do not follow some accepted numeration, such as that of the Teubner series. In this book it was impossible. New discoveries had made both Bergk and Hiller-Crusius out of date, and the edition of Diehl, even if it was to contain all the fragments and notices gathered in these volumes, had not been completely published. I hope that the numeration- tables will do something to ease the difficulty of tracing old favourites to their new homes.
I take this opportunity of correcting a few mis- takes not yet corrected in Volumes i and ii. On page 5 of Vol. i.l. 7, for lyre-sung read flute-sung ; p. 21, l. 8 from bottom, for or read and ; p. 25, l. 6, for composer read performer, l. 8 omit epic; p. 28 bottom, add Procl. Chr. 320a. 33, Poll. 4. 66; p. 72, l. 3, for ye read yo ; p. 345, 1. 8 from bottom of notes, for 3 read 38; p. 369, fr. 75, add cf. Callim. 3. 4 (Mair); p. 443,1. 7, add 212; p. 445, Dracon, for A.D. 180 read 100 ».c.? On page 10 of Vol. ii. 1. 11, for évros read évrós ; p. 12 middle, for 'Opéovei read "Opeaeta. ; p. 123 top, for colonised read went to live in; p. 137, l. 6, and p. 273, l. 7, add Arist. 'A0. IIoA. 18; p. 941 bottom, for xXevgs read Xéoxqs, and for Schw. rightly, ete. read come from Callim. 4:t/a (i. l. 15 Mair); p. 453, 1l. 8, for 53 z.c. read 530 z.c.; p. 463 top, for Lyaeus read Lycaeus.
J. M. EpMoNps. CAMBRIDGE, July 15, 1927. vii
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CONTENTS
PAGE
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BOOK [Tod di a RE ML i: i
EEOGHEUONMPUPAKANS UTI UL. cu Tl 88
EHUPROCOHLE BPHYBAWES . co 2 ... 92
BOOK IV. PROCESSIONALS E SOT neigt ini
NOGUE "UU.MATDEN-SONGS 4 2... 2 s. . 122
HOOK CXIR DANON-SONGS . 7 — T. . € .l24
BOOK VII. VICTORY-SONGS o UP AES ARE ri
BOOK VIII. LOVE-SONGS NEC Lote Pre -s 7. :
HOOK IX. DBINKING-SONGS . . . . . 216 EUEODEL - OE OINBOBIPEIONS .u1.0€ .- 025-2 4 90 BENE PANUNH".- q x 3. x. . ow uw RI x oru SAT
CONTENTS
ION OF CHIOS: LYRIC FRAGMENTS MELANIPPIDES; LIFE SM S AS FRAGMENTS . . . EURIPIDES: VICTORY-SONG . . HIERONYMUS . . .P"'4i f.
CLEOMENES, LAMYNTHIUS, GNESIPPUS
LEOTROPHIDES . CINESIAS . PHRYNIS . PRDNODMUSN 2 T OO: SELESUES - 2 . 2 - 1. TIMOTHEUS: LIFE . FRAGMENTS : BOOK L HYMNS . BOOK IL DITHYRAMBS BOOKS III-XXI. NOMES C CADDUSE C lal E CC ME PHILOXENUS SON OF ERYXIS PHILOXENUS OF LEUCAS . . PHILOXENUS OF CYTHERA: LIFE FRAGMENTS . . . . [UU ERTECHE ME E oS POLYIDUS . . . BERG n. ME Ud MES EXSUMAONUS. 4 1. x c us ARISTOTLE: ODE TO HERMEIAS HERMOLOCHUS . . . . LYCOPHBONIDES . . . . . XENOCRITUS AND XENODAMUS . MYIA, MYNNA, THEANO . . .
X
CONTENTS
ANONYMOUS FRAGMENTS: BEESESAMNI AM x. SAPPHO OR ALCAEUS(?) . . STESICHORUS OR IBYCUS(?) ANACREON (?) PIA x uc ns FHK LATER POETS . . . .
FOLK-SONGS:;:
INTRODUCTION . . . -. .
BOOK T. BOOK II. BOOK III. BOOK IV. BOOK V. BOOK VI. BOOK VII.
TO GODS: s» v e .. OTHER RITUAL SONGS OCCUPATIONAL SONGS GAME-SONGS . . . AVERTING-SONGS.
LOVE-SONGS . . . TOSMEN - 7... 7e
SCOLIA OR DRINEKING-SONGS: INTRODUOTION .. . . . - BOOK I. ATTIC SCOLIA. . . BOOK II. SCOLIA OF THE SEVEN
BOOK III.
OTHER SCOLIA . .
AN ACCOUNT OF GREEK LYRIC POETRY TABLES OF COMPARATIVE NUMERATION INDEX OF AUTHORS . . . . . -* GENERAL INDEX OF NAMES . . . . INDEX TO TECHNICAL TERMS USED IN EPILOGUE GREEK INDEX TO EPILOGUE NE
SAGES
PAGE
420 428 440 442 444
448 508 516 532 536 542 544 548
548 560 516 580 582 680 691 702 716 120
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MTPTIAOX Béos
Suid. Koópwva: . . . ua8:jrpua Mvprióos.
Ibid. Ilív8apos . . . pa05T2s 66 Muprióos ryvvaukos.
Corinna fr. 11.
Anth, Pal. 9. 26. "Avrvrárpov. OeaaaXovikéos: es Tàs 'Evvéa Avpucàs ILowrpías:
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Mvprtw. ..
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MTPTIAOX MéAq
Plut. Qu. Gr. 40 * Tís Etvocros ijpes év Tav&ypa kal 5ià vÍva alríay rb üAcos abToU "yvvaitly àyéufaróv. éoTiww ;" — EXiées TOU Kaóícov kal Z«iábos Ebvosros 7v viós, G daciv ómb viuonus Eivócras ékrpa$évri ToUvo "yevéo0at ToUvoua. kaAbs be dw kai Bíkuios oUx Ííjrrov Tv cédpwv kal avaTnpós- €pacÓTvai: b€ aUTOU Aéyovsiw "Oxvav, uíav r&v KoA«voU Ovyarépev àvejiày obsav'.
MYRTIS
LirkE Suidas Lexicon: Corinna:— . . . A pupil of M yrtis. The Same: Pindar:— . . . A pupil of the woman Myrtis.
Corinna fr. 11 (p. 15).
Palatine Anthology: Antipater of Thessalonica; on the Nine Lyric Poetesses :—
. . . Nossis the woman-tongued and sweet-sound- ing Myrtis. ..
Tatian 4gainst the Greeks [representations of famous women] . . . À bronze statue of Myrtis was made by Boiscus.
MYRTIS
Lvnic PokMs
Plutarch Greek Questions: * Who is the hero Eunostus at Tanagra, and what is the origin of the custom which forbids women to set foot in his sacred grove ?'—Elieus, the son of Cephisus and Scias, had a son Eunostus, who is said to have taken his name from a nymph Eunosta who brought him up. Though an honourable character was combined in him with ' good looks, he was an austere man, and the story goes that when one of his cousins the daughters of Colonus, a maiden
3 B2
LYRA GRAECA
érei 8€ meipGcav ó EtvooTos ümerpéjaro kal Aoiboptjcas &ijA8ev , $3 M / x c / H / eis rovs àOeA ovs kaTwyopfjo wv, €éoOacev 1) rapÜévos ravTO TpGEaca kaT' ékeívov kal mapátvrve rovs àBeAQovs "Exeuov kai Aéovra kal BoókoAov &wvokTeivat rbv Elvoorov, &s mpós Bíav avri cwyyeye- vnuévov. éxeivot u€v oüv évebpeógayres àmékreiwav Tbv veavíakor- ó 0€ ?"EAw vs ékeivovus &0goev: 4j 9 "Oxva geraueAouévm kal J ^ et ' [4 N * /, , ^ S y€novaa rapaxTs, &pa uev abT1]y àraAAAEan. 0€Aovaa Tíjs Dià Tbv ÉpoTa AvTTS, &ua oikripovca TOUS &beA oos, ébfyyyeuXe Tpbs ^ 5 ^ ^ ^ M Tbv "EAiéa mücav Tiv &AÍfjeiav, ékeivos 0€ KoXcvdg: KoAcvoU Oe Gikdgavros oi uev &6eAQol 73s "Oxvas €dvyov, avv3; 9€ karekptjn- s 1 Lj -^ € vicev éavrfjv, 6s Mupris 7 'Av8m9Oovía TovfTpia ueXGy taTópnkev. ^ M , , € -^ M y e , , , ^ ToU bt EuvócTov Tb ?pgov kal T0 üAcos oUrws àvéuBarov érnpeiro kal &àmpocéAacTov *yvvoiliv, Gave moAAdkis aewp v 1; aUxp&yv 1j 6:100 npi&y ÁAXcv "*ycvouévov àya(nTeiv kal moAvmzpa'yuoveivy ériueAs Ly zs / ToVs Tavarypalovs, u3j XéA78e *yvY?) T9 TÓTQ "A101ácaca.
MYRTIS
named Ochna, fell in love with him and tried to win him, he rejected her suit with contumely and went off to lodge a complaint with her brothers. But she was before him, and made the like accusation of him, urging her brothers Echemus, Leon, and Bucolus to slay him for having forced her. Where- upon they set an ambush and slew the poor boy, and shortly after were taken prisoners for it by Elieus. Repenting her crime and torn between a lover's remorse and a sister's pity, Ochna now told Elieus the whole truth, and Elieus taking it to Colonus, Colonus gave his judgment, and the brothers fled the country and their sister threw herself down a precipice. Such is the account given by the poetess Myrtis of Anthedon. Thus came the shrine and grove of Eunostus to be forbidden ground to women, and iudeed it often happened, in time of earthquake, famine, or other portent, that the citizens of Tanagra made careful enquiry whether a woman had not inadvertently approached the spot.
KOPINNHX Bios
Suid. Kópuvva: "AxeXeoóopov kai "Iz0kpa- Telas,: OnBaía 7) Tavaypaía; a8 pua MupríBos: [ézrevóuacTo 66 Mvíia:]? Mvpui. évíkgoe 6 TevrTákis, 6s Xóyos, Ilívóapov. éypave fugMa Tévre kai Emvypáupara kai Nópovs Avpukovs.
Plut. Glor. At. 4. P 947 f. 14 8é Koópiwwva TOV IItvóapov, à OvTA véov éTL Kai 7i Xoytórnt coBapós Xp ypevov, évovÜérnaev. (S &povcov üvTQ NL TOLOUVTAO p8ovs, 0 TÍs TrOUyTUT)S &p'yov eivai cvuBéBnke, veras ó€ Kai kaTaxp)noeu kai peradpáa ets Kai uer) kal pvOuovs 76vc para 7TOÍS T'párypaa tv vToTiOerat. coop obv Ó IIiv&apos émuo Tío as TOS Xeyyop£vois émroiQoev ékeivo TO pLéXos* Tepunvov 7) XpuaaMákarov MeMav | 3) 7 Káepov 7 Xrapràv (epóv "yévos ay6pQv | ?) TO T VV c Oévos 'HpaxXéovs | 7) ràv Awevicov v0Xv- ya6éa TUM Sei£auévov 66 72) Koptvvy yeXácaca ékeiv ks Xeupi Oetv &Ón eT eipeuw, à un 0Xo TÓÀ 8vXáko. TÓÀ yàp óvrt g wykepás as Ka cvudopijsas cavameppíav Titvà ji0cv o IivGapos eig TO uéXos é£éyeev.
1 Crónert: mss Tpokparías ? prob. belongs to a later Corinna, cf. Suid. s. Kópivva vewrépa
6
CORINNA LirE
Suidas Lexicon: Corinna :—Daughter of Achelo- ódorus and Hippocrateia, of Thebes or of Tanagra ; pupil of Myrtis; [nicknamed Myia *Fly';] a lyric poetess. lt is said that she was victorious five times over Pindar. She wrote five Books, and Inscriptions, and Lyric Nomes.
Plutarch Glory of Athens: When Pindar was as yet young, and prided himself overmuch on his command of language, Corinna censured his ill-taste because, though myths are the proper work of a poet, and forms of words, turns of phrase, changes of expression, tunes and rhythms mere embellish- ments, his poems were nevertheless devoid of them. Pindar took strong objection to her words and pro- ceeded to compose the lyric which begins : * Ismenus, or gold-distaffed Melia, or Cadmus, or the holy race of the Sown, or the doughty might of Heracles, or the cheerful worship of Dionysus . . .'! and showed it Corinna. Whereupon she retorted, laughing, that he should sow with the hand and not with the whole sack. For Pindar had simply made mixed drinks of his myths and then poured them into his song.
! the stock themes of Theban mythology
LYRA GRAECA
Sch. Ar. Ach. 120 aryopá ew év áyopá Ga rpi- Bew év efovaia kai mappraía:. éoTww. " ATTLKÓS, ó0ev xai 7 Kóptvva eXéyxei róv Tob lLvódpov 'Avrrukiouóv,! émei kai év TQ mpere TOv lap- Üeveiov éxprjcaro 77) Xé£e.
Ael P.H. 13. 25 Ilivóapos 0 TroU]T3S dryayvi- Couevos év OBaus àpa8éct mepumea ov ákpoarats ?rT58n Koptvvns Trevráris. éAéyx av 66 TÜv aàpovcíav a)vrOv 0 llívóapos cÜv éxáXevu TT Kopwrvav.
Paus. 9..22. 3 Kopívvys 96, 7) uóvy 65 é&v Taváypa dcpara éroíqoe,. TaUTIS écTL uev pviua ev mept$avei Tfjs TÓA€cs, ét 06 év TÓ yvuvacio pad, Tauvía TV Reda 7) Kópiva dvaBovuér Ts vikgs eiveka 5 llivOapov depart évíkgaoev év O»jBais. $aívera, óé pou vucijaat Tí) OraXékov TE etveka,, ÓTL jer ov T] $ovj 75 copio, Dorep [r j ITív6apos, &XXà oTr oia guvija ew £ueXXov AioXeis, KG ÓTL TjV rjuvaucóy TÓT€ 709 kaXALoT: TO eiO0$, ei Tis érL? eixóvi Oct rexuatpeoDaa.
Prooem. Pind. fin. à 66 óvouara TÀV Tpoetpn- uévov XupukQv écTi TdÓe€' AXipáv, 'AAxatos, Xam$o, XTqcixopos, "IBvkos, "Avaxpéav, Xujuo- viens, BaxxvAtiógs, kai llívOapos: Tivég 06 xai Tjv Kópwvav.?
1 Crónert: mss 7 K. éeTl ToU Il. àrTikic Ti 3 715? 3 these 5 words omitted in most mss.
1 cf. Eust. 7l. 326. 43, Them. 27. 334, Pind. O. 6. 90, Ft. Metr. Pind. 8 Dr. ; the other Greeks called the Boeotians
8
LIFE OF CORINNA
Scholiast on Aristophanes Acharnians: '" Ayopá£ew :— to behave in the market-place with arrogance of manner and licence of speech; an Attic use of the word, for using which in Book I of his Ma:den-Songs Corinna takes Pindar to task.
Aelian Historical Miscellames : When the poet Pindar competed at Thebes he happened on ignorant judges, and was defeated five times by Corinna. By way of exposing their lack of good taste, he called Corinna a sow.1
Pausanias Descripiion of. Greece: Corinna, the only poet of Tanagra, is commemorated by a monument in the open street and by a painting in the gym- nasium. The latter represents her in the act of putting on the headband she won when she defeated Pindar in the lyric competition at Thebes. In my opinion her victory may be set down first to her dialect, because she did not sing like Pindar in Doric, but in a dialect which Aeolians would under- stand, and secondly because, if one may really judge from the portrait, she was at that time a remarkably good-looking woman.?
Introduction to Pindar: The names of the aforesaid lyric poets are these :—4Alecman, Alcaeus, Sappho, Stesichorus, Ibycus, Anacreon, Simonides, Bacchy- lides and Pindar; [some authorities add to these Corinna .?
swine; P. prob. meant to contrast her narrow and local con- servatism with the broadened outlook which had come of his sojourn at Athens—'She is a mere Boeotian, I am a Greek ? Tat. adv. Gr. 33 mentions a famous statue by Silanion ; see also Bernouilli G7. Zkon. 88 3 cf, Sch. Dion. Thr. 21. 17, Tz. prol. Lyc. 252 M, Did ym. 395 Schmidt
9
LYRA GRAECA
Prop. 2. 3. 9 Nec me tam facies, quamvis sit candida, cepit . . . . »« . quantum Aeolio cum temptat carmina plectro, par Aganippeae ludere docta lyrae, et sua cum antiquae committit scripta Corinnae carminaque Érinnes non putat aequa suis.
Stat. Silv. 5. 3. 156. . . . . tu pandere doctus carmina Battiadae latebrasque Lycophronis arti ! Sophronaque implicitum tenuisque arcana Corinnae.
See also Clem, Al. Sir. 4. 122, Sch. Dion. Thr. 469. 29, Eust. 7l. 327. 10.
KOPINNHZ MEAQON T'epotov A' 1-10
Apoll. Pron. 325 a [. 72s éyó] Bowrol (idv) ? 6s utv Tpóoav s. ds 0€ Évioi, Gv égriv ó "ABpev, Oéua écviv 6 ov(i-yes ol avToÍ ac Tjj u£v éyàv Ty i&v, (r1 86 éydvo rov ive, ?. ef "ye TU Tap&à AwpieUgiy 7) eis ei ueraBáA erai, Tjj 86 éyávya riy ióv'ya. Kópivya (fr. 11): kal érc
l1 mss atri ? Dek, 35 Ahr.
! reading doubtful ? Callimachus 3 tit. cf. Ant. Lib. 25: there may have been more than two books; the
IO
CORINNA
Propertius Elegies: Nor is it so much her face, fair though it be, that hath taken me captive . .. tis rather when the melody begins of that Aeolian quill which can rival the lyre of Aganippe, 'tis when she pits her own poetry against old Corinna's, and deems Erinna's verse! no match for what she writes herself,
Statius Greenmoods [to his father the school- master]: Thou'rt skilled to expound the songs of the Battiad,? or the secrets of the cramped Lyco- phron, Sophron's mazes or the meagre Corinna's mysteries.
CORINNA OLD-WIVES' TALES? Book I 1-10
Apollonius Pronouns [on the lst Person Singular]: The Boeotians use the form íéó» according to Tryphon . . . According to some writers, one of whom is Habron, it is à root of which one and the same people use the three forms, ióv corresponding to éwyó, and íóve: to éyéyq—if we may regard the Dorian s as changed to ei—, and íó»ya correspond- ing to éyéóvys. Compare Corinna (fr. 11); and in another place :
-
. distribution of the fragments here is uncertain, but cf. initials of titles II
LYRA GRAECA
(vet 8. e(poov àperàs xeipoá&cov «roD eio 1 Ka&Xà ryepot. üicop.éva ? Tavaypióea at Xevkomér. Avs* ? , y y ^ , , 5 uéya o éujs nyéyaOe mos Auyab poko Tis évósr s.a
2
Paus. 9. 92. 9 7bv 5€ "Epufiv XAéyovat rbv Hpóuaxov, "Eperpiéov vavgiv ét Eüfoías és cÀv Tavaypaíav o Xóvrev, ovs ve éjiovs éLayoyyciv éml rÀv pgáxmv xal abrbv &re ÉE$nBov eTAeyyló: &uvvóuevor udAts7a €pyyácac0a, Tày EbUBoéev pom.
Apoll. Pron. 355 c (Gram. Gr. 1. 1. 74) [m. 75s €éuov]: àAAà uXv kal fj €uoUs (cíQv'yós éeriv) 3j TeoUs . . . kal éri Kópwya:
^ "n 5 Tepi reos "Eppás vor 'Apea ? T'OUKTEUL.
3,4
Cram. 4. O. l. 172. 14 [m. c5s és] evveumimre: 9$ 4$ és , ) We 4 ^ , VON mpo8eais kai &AXm BoiterikT) mpoéaei 71) e£
eg Move ov
hv 6€ $evijev émibépnra:, 81& 890 a0
5 , /, * €g0 GpXu TT TOXEJUO
l mss ievet m9. 2pewv a. xeipoaówv : suppl. E ? Herch : mss x. "yepoia eig oy. ? mss -TA015, -TÀOVS 1. éufjs — épais Bóckh: mss éu3 -Ans --53s (dat. pl.) Bóckh: mss -Aais -TüLs 5 Wil: mss ap'eva $ mss Movcá», but cf. ibid. 278 | ? Ahr.: mss eec! apxerroAéuov:
1 the previous 3 (?) lines of this introductory poem might have run (Some sing of Gods and Goddesses' or the like:
I2
CORINNA
But I, I am come to sing the prowess of Heroes and Heroines, in fair old-wives' tales for the white- robed daughters of Tanagra; and greatly doth their city rejoice in my clear sweet babbling cries.!
2
Pausanias Description of Greece: They say that one day when an Eretrian fleet put in on the coast of the territory of Tanagra, Hermes the Champion led the ephebi or youngest men into the field and by employing a strigil or flesh-scraper ephebus-like as a weapon, inflicted à severe defeat on the enemy.
Apollonius Pronouns [on the pronoun ' me']: Indeed along with éuo?s *of me' there goes a form -meo)s *of thee ' . . . Compare also Corinna :
For thy sake? Hermes fights? Ares with his fists.
39,4:
Cramer Znedita (Oxford) [on the preposition és *into ']: This form of the preposition is identical with another, the Boeotian form for é£ *out of? ; compare
out of the Muses
but in that dialect if the preposition precedes a vowel it takes the form éecce ; compare
beginneth warfare
the last 4 are from Heph. 110 (see on fr. 5), and do not certainly belong here ? Tanagra's 3 in this poem * 1, 3, 4 would doubtless be taken (by a grammarian or metrieian) from an early-placed poem ; 1-3 could belong to the àpx4 or cópxyís, and 4—10 to the óu$aAós of a poem describing the battle ( E)
13
LYRA GRAECA
5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
Heph. 110 [7. moAva xnparia av]: óuoÍes 5e kal éml TàÀv TAvkwvelev ToiaUTa cxtiuara mapaXauBárerai, olov év» ois Kopívrns: (fr. l1) &8e kal Tó8e*
1) rrevreikovT | ovvruias Éri 6€ kal mAelogiw abr) kéxpnrai oxjuacuy*
e , 9" 3. 933 t/
cepaTos* ooT € VimmO
/ bi , , 3 kápra pev éupuuaguevot
, e TX 0 ÉmpaÓO' o0 uév* mpooavels yXóUk00 66 TÜs dibcv ?
TreXékeo ot Goveiry 9
11 Apoll. Proa. 325 a [v. 75s éyé] . . . 75] 0€ éyórya ry ióvya Kópiwva.* uépdouy 66 k3) Nvyobpàv Movprió (covya, ór. Bavà $obo &Ba Tlav6ápor vor. &pw.
12
7
Ibid. 95 a 7 €p.0Us kow3; o0ca Xvupakovcíev kal Boiwrav, "Emíxapuos éxpfjravro.
! mss xal TevT1). ? mss 9o)p. ? Herm.-Crón. -E: mss kaTà uev Bpuusoby. 5 B; mss émpdBouev 5 Crón.: mss Tis &5wv — 5 mss boveira. * Bóckh-B-Wil.: mss evi 5e kai A. uvpriba and ziv8apioto : for Bavá cí. Hdn. nov. A€£. 1. 18. 25
14
Ka0b Aal Kópiwva kal
CORINNA
b, 6, 55,9, 10
Hephaestion Handbook of Metre [on * polyschematist or irregular verse]: Similarly such types occur in Glyconics, for instance in those of Corinna: (ftr. 1) ; so also this:
and fifty did [Hermes?] of the lofty might [lay low ?]
And yet further varieties are used by her : [riding] his ship like a horse all snorting upon him right fiercely he appeared before them and sacked their city and singing to them sweetly
[the air?] whistles with whirling axes
1l
Apollonius Pronouns [on the 1st Person]: . . . and íiévya corresponding to éyá»ya. Compare Corinna :
And I, I find fault even with the clear sweet Myrtis, because, woman though she be, she hath striven against Pindar.!
12? The Same : The form éuo?s of me
is used both by the Syracusans and by the DBoeotians, being found in Epicharmus and Corinna.
! prob. from the c ópazyt s of an early-placed poem 1 12-14 prob. came early in bk. I.
I5
LYRA. GRAECA
13 Ibid. 121 c à; à»: . . . époías Boiwwrol TIT em 8€ Ts kTqTAKTS
e ^ , &4LGV OOJ.OV
14
Ibid. 106a 75 7Ív e$(wyos 3; iv . . . écri ka) 3
e.
€tp àmb Tijs Telv mapà '"Avriud xq Kai Kopívvgp, éml airiwrik)s | Éo6" óTre TapaAauBavouévq.
15
Prisc. Znst. (Gram. Lat.)1. 36: in plerisque tamen Aeoles secuti hoc facimus. illi enim 8ovyárzp dicunt pro 6vydr92p, ov corripientes, vel magis v sono x soliti sunt pronuutiare, ideo- que adscribunt o, non ut diphthongum faciant, sed ut sonum v Aeolicum ostendant, ut
KC EPA x0ovos DE 0obvyarep .
16-17 "'Aezis AÓdávas Anth. Pal. 9. 96. 'Avrirárpov GeaaaAovikéws* eis ràs "Evvéa Avpikàs Ilowrpías" . . . kal cé, Kópiwva, | 0oüpww 'A8mvaíns &cTíba peAyaguévav.
17
Plut. Mus. 14 &AXoi 8€ ka). avróv 70v O0cóv ('AmÓAXwra) $aciv avAQqcat . . . 5j 9e Kópwva ka) 0ibax0syval oci Tbv "AvóÓAAG br 'A0nvàs avAeiv.
1 Bek : mss 8c7.k1)s
16
CORINNA 13
The Same: &uày tof us': . . . similarly the Boeotians say &ulmev
of us and for the possessive, &udv *our'; compare
our houses
14 Apollonius Pronouns: To the 2nd Person rív *thee' corre- sponds the 3rd Person f» * him? or *her' . . . There is also a form étv him
corresponding to reiv, in Antimachus and Corinna, sometimes used as an accusative as well as a dative.
15
Priscian Principles of Grammar : in general, however, we follow the Aeolians, who say 6ovydár72p for 0vyárzp * daughter, with the diphthong short, or rather give the Greek v the value of the Latin v, and for that reason prefix o in writing, not making a diphthong but the Aeolic v; compare :
O daughter of that land of fair dances, H yria!
16-17 Turk SuigLp or ATHENA
Palatine Anthology: Antipater of Thessalonica; on the Nine Lyric Poetesses: . . . and thee, Corinna, who sangest of Athena's martial shield.
14$
Plutareh Ausie: Other authorities declare that Apollo played the flute himself . . . Indeed Corinna says that Apollo was taught flute-playing by Athena.
l jn Boeotia ? cf. Ibid. 5
17 VOL. III, C
LYRA GRAECA 18-21 Bowros
Hdn. v. uov. Aét. 2. 917 mapà 5* 7$ ToinTíü HMoceibdov . .. -apà uévTo: Bowwroits IIoreibáev Tpamévros ToU c eis T: Kópiwva Boiwrd'!
TOU 0€ uákap, Kpovióa ? IIorióá- ovos,? áva£ Bowré.
19
Apoll. Pron. 122 b óuàv: . . . AioAets Duuémv . . . obpiev Boicroí*
N , e , 5 /, 4 TÓ OÉ TLS OULLOV àKkovGáTO Kópivva. 20
Sch. Ap. Rh. 1l. 551 'Apueví8as 56 év rois OnBaikois "Augi- kTVovos viov "Irwvov év OeocaAía vyevvn0Tjvat, kal "AXé£avbpos év TG &/TÓÀV KapikGv "Yrouvquarov Kopívrgs vrourna6eís.?
21
Ibid. 3. 1178 'Qyvyías 56 càs OfjBas àmb 'Qeybyov "o «rp)rov2 BasiAevcavros abrGy. —Kópiwva 8e Tbv
"QOryóbryov $
^ , ^ ^ BoiorToU vióv: àmb ToVTOv 0e kai Tày OnBàv mUAat.
22-224 'Emr ézi Ge(ffgs
Apoll Pron. ll9c Awpieis boués . . . AioAeis Duues . . . Boiwrol uerà 0:50ó*yyov ToU ov
e b A , ovués 66 koptaÜévres Kópivva 'ErT! éri OjBais.
1 mss Kópiva: Bowroi ToU0e and ToU ? gen. E: mss 5g ? mss IIoreibácvos ^ mss ovugiev 5 Crón: mss rà» Kopívvzs (or Kapikgv) vrouvnudTwv $ mss "Ovyvyov
18
CORINNA
18-91 Bokorus
Herodian Words Without Parallel: In Homer the form is Poseidaon . . . but in DBoeotian, with change of s to f, Poteidaon ; compare Corinna in her Zoeotus :
and happy thou, son thou of Poseidon son of Cronus, lord Boeotus.
I9
Apollonius Pronouns: óuàv *of you! . .. The Aeolians use iuuéwv . . . the Boeotians oóuíev ; compare
wherein let men listen to you; Corinna. 20?
Scholiast on Apollonius of Rhodes Argonautica: Armenidas declares in his Z7'ebaica that Amphictyon had a son Itonus born to him in Thessaly, and Alexander agrees with him, quoting Corinna in the 1st Book of his T'reatise on Caria.
21
The Same: Thebes is called Ogygian from its first king Ogygus. Corinna makes
Ogygus
the son of Boeotus. From him came the gates of Thebes.
29—99A "THE SEvEN AGAINsT THEBES
Apollonius Pronouns: The Dorians say for * you! óués . . . the Aeolians Puues . . . the Boeotians the form with the diphthong oóués ; compare :
and you being brought hither? Corinna Seven against Thebes.
! doubtless belongs to an early-placed poem; the metre would suit this, but its position is not certain ? cf. Paus. 9. 1, Steph. Byz. Bowría * from Argos
I9 c2
LYRA GRAECA 224A
Sch. T. Z7. 17. 197 *ympás: &mokomij ToU "ynpácas, &s bmod6ds, emi/mAós: kal Kópiwwra
Bpovrás ! &vri ToU DBpovríjcas.
23—-23A Evovovpüg Sch. I]. 2. 496 AjA(Ba: . . . àmb AjAÍDos Ts Ebwvünov ToU K991icoU. 23A
Apoll. Pron. 136c [z. 75s éós] AioXets uerà Tov F karà
^ ^ / "àcay TTGgiV kal 'yévos . . . óuoíes kal Boweroí. Kópwva Ebovovytns ?
v íj0a Fóv 0éXoca díXgs a/'ykáNy; éXéa 09 ?
24 FiAaos
Apoll. Pron. 113 b 8ià ToU € 3) vàe -apà '"Avriuá xo év OnBatbi EST n
TOU T€ VOÉ «Te»
€v 'IoAág Kópwva.
25-2" KardázAovs
Sch. Nic. Ter. ló oi 8t mAeíovs Tavaypatov elval $aci Tbv '"Qpíeva. Kópiwva 8€ evceBéoTarov Aéye: abTrbv kal émeA0óvra T0AXoUS TÓTOVS T]uep3at kal kaÜapíaai àmb Onpicv.
! Schn: mss «' pia Bpoyrás ? mss evevvpulns 5 56a Fiy aud éAés05 Bóckh : mss mq$5eyov eXea6€ * E
20
CORINNA
224
Scholiast on the Z/iad: *ygpás * when he grew old" ;—An apocope or shortening of *75pácas like $mo$6as and érimrAós, and Corinna's 8povrás
striking with the thunderbolt!
for Byovrícas.
23—93A Tur DaucurERs or EvoNvMus
Scholiast on the Z/iad : Aulis: . . . from Aulis daughter of Euonymus son of Cephisus.?
234^
Apollonius Pronouns [on the possessive éós *his' or * her]: The Aeolians use the form with digamma (?) in every person and gender .. . Similarly the Boeotians; compare Corinna in the Daughters of Euonymus :
desiring to take her son in her loving arms.
24 lIoraAUs
Apollonius Pronowns [on the lst Person Dual]: The form with e, yàe, occurs in Antimachus' Z'ebaid and in
thou and we twain from the Zolaüs of Corinna.
25-27 "Tur RrrunN?
Scholiast on Nicander A4n4idotes to the Bites of Beasts: The more usual view is that Orion hailed from Tanagra ; according to Corinna he was a man of great piety who went about to many places reclaiming them and purging them of wild beasts.
1 ref. to Capaneus? Crón. — ? cf. 33. 72, Steph. Byz. AvAís 3 of Orion, healed of his blindness, to Chios for vengeance
2I
LYRA GRAECA
Parth. 20 [m. 'Aepo?s]: Aéyera: 5€ kal Oivomícevos kal vyóuons "EA Lens 'Aepó kópnv ytevéa68au TabTqS à 'Qpíeva Tbv "Ypiécs épag Géyra Tap avToU mapaureig Gat àv kópnv, kal bià& rabrmqv Tív T€ Vijcov efmuepàaai TÓT€ npíov &vdTA€cv obcav, Aeíav T€ TOXMiY mepieAabvovra TÓV pog Xópev €0ra 5i8óvat ToU uevToL Oivomímvos ékdaToTe bmepriÜenévov TV yénov 6ià Tb Goo Tv'yeiv abr YyauBpbv TOLOUTOV yevéa&aa, bm ues Éopova yevóuevov Tbv '"üpíeva karata Tbv ÓáAauov évOa 1j rais ékouüro, kal Bia(Ógevov éxkafjvat Tovs óÜaAuovs $70 ToU Oivonícvos.
26 A poll. Pron. 105 b [. 75s 7ív]" Tí0era: mapà Kopívvg kal éml airiaTiKTs éy KardmAg* . . ov yàp Tiv 0 $Oovepós 131712. asp tinese d i e
&v7l ToU ct kal ca$és às kar. évaAAayty mTTéGeos.
21
ILid. 98b éoUs: ab77 àkÓóMovÜos Awpiuktj Tij TeoUs, 5j cvvexós kal Kópiyva éxpfjcaro: év KarámAq* 4 ví«ac 0 peyaXooÜévets , , , $^ 3 * Oapiev, xepav T à €o0s mücav ovoUumvev.
28 Kopovau
Ant. Lib. 25 MrTió xn kel Mevirmm: ia Topei Níkavbpos 'Erepoiov- uévav 5' kal .Kópiwya I'epoíev a'. "Qpluvos TOU "Tpiéus ev Bowría Qv'yaT épes eyévovTo Mmrióxn kal Mevírmm: abra T€ "Opluva Tipávurev éE£ àv0pdámov "Apreuus, érpéiovro mapà TÍj um pt. kal
1 E -— ("wot (the citation showed Tív to be accus.): mss Baie ? ó: Herm. $v
22
CORINNA
Parthenius Love Komances [on Aéro]: The story goes that Aero was the daughter of Oenopion and the nymph Helieé, and Orion the son of Hyrieus, falling in love with her, asked her of Oenopion in marriage, and for her sake reclaimed the island (of Chios) by purging it of the wild beasts that infested it; moreover he drove off large herds of cattle from tbe neighbouring farms to be her bridal gift. Oenopion, however, had no stomach for such a son-in-law, and whenever the day was fixed deferred it, till one night, fuddled with drink, Orion broke into the chamber where the girl lay asleep; whereupon Oenopion laid violent hands upon him and put out his eyes with a firebrand.
26 Apollonius Pronouns [on the form cív *thee']: It is used also by Corinna in the accusative ; compare the Zeturn: for thou art not harmed by this jealous man!
where rí» is for cé by interchange of cases.
2T
The Same: éois *of him':—This corresponds to the Doric
TecoUs *of thee," which is frequently used by Corinna ; compare the Return :
The mighty man Orion won the day, and gave all the land his name.
98 Turk SuvrrLE-MaipbENs?
Antoninus Liberalis JMetamorphoses: Metioché and Me- nippé:—Told by Nicander in the 4th Book of the Z7'rans- formations and by Corinna in the 1st Book of her Old- Wives Tales. To Orion son of Hyrieus were born in Boeotia two daughters, Metioché and Menippé, who when Artemis re- moved Orion from this world were thenceforth brought up
1 Aero to her father? ? cf. Ov, Met. 13. 692 23
LYRA GRAECA
'A0nvà utv éBíbackev abràs ioTovs Sivoatvew, 'Aópobír 0€ avrais €üeke kdAAos. émel Bé 'Aovíav üXqv €AaBe Aotubs kal T0AXol &ré8vnokov, 0ewpovs ànécTeiXay mapà Tbv "AmÓAXera Tbv lopTb- viov. Kal avbrois eimev ó 0ebs iAdacaa0ai 800 rovs épiovví(ovs 6cobs- É$m 5€ karamabg eu aUToUS T?2)v u]viv, ei 6v0 Üvaiv éKkovcat TapBévot &inara yévowro. mpbs 0e 03 TO pavretoy obÜüeuía ry év Tfj TÓAe€i mapBévay i Um íkoucev, xpi yv) 0)cca TV xpno uiv ébfveyke TpUs TÀS Qvyarépas TOU "DOplavos. ai 0" às émU0ovro Tepl Tbv icTbY (xovcai, Tby bmép àaTGv Üávarov éBétavro mplv jj Tiv émibijpiov émi/TEegoUcay avTàs àoavíca: vócoy. Tpls 6e Boncápeva. x8ovíovs Saíuovas, 0r: aUTois ékoUcat 65nara vivovraa, émáratav £avràs Tl icepictóu mapà Tiv kAeiba kal &véppntav TÀV cóaytv. kai aUTat utv &ud repa. kaTémegov és TÓv yüv, epredóvm 6€ kal "Adbns oikTí- pavres TÀ uev cónera TÀV mapBévev qvia, &àyri 5 erelvuv &cTépas &viveykav €x T7s "yüs: oi 8€ Qarévres &vgvex0mcav eis ovpavóy, xal a?ToUs wvópacav üvOpwmo: koguíjras. iüpvcavTo Oe mdvres "Aoves év "Opxouevd T5s Bowerías iepüv émíoquoyv TÓV TapÜévev ro)TcYV, kal ajTais kaÜ' €xagcov éros kópot T€ kal kópat ueiAi"yuaTa $épovgiw. 'mpoca'yopevovgi 0€ abTàs üxpi vUv AioAeis Kopeyaías ! sap6évovs.
29-30 Muovaín
Ibid. 10 Muwvd8es: (orope? Níkavbpos 'ETepoiovuévev 5' xal Kópiwva. Muivóov ToU 'OpxouevoU éyévovro Ovyarépes Aevkimmm, "Apaíim 1, 'AXka80m, kal àréfnoav ékrómos diXepyol. | mAeioa be kal ràs &AAas "yvvaikas éuéuyavro, ÓTi ékAvmoUg at TÀhv TÓDw év Tois Bpesw eBákx evov, üxpi Aióvvaos cikag8els kópn mapijivegev aUTais un ékAeLTei TeAeTüs ? nvoTípi TOU ÓOcov: ai 6€ ob -poceiXov. mpós bj] Tavra XaAemüvas ó Aióvucos àyrl kópms €yévero TaUpos kal Aéwv kal máphaAis, kal ék TY keAeüvrav
l mss .íBas
! Boeotia ? in Crete ? the oracle apparently ran iAdageaÓ0e Oei épiovríe al ke "yevüvrai | Üuguv 00pa Bvoict kópa 6vo 0coict ékoicat * the writer seems to derive this name, which should mean 'curved, from the boys and girls, kópo:
24
CORINNA
by their mother, being taught the art of weaving by Athena and given personal beauty by Aphrodité. When Aonia! was sore bested with a famine and the inhabitants were dying in great numbers, messengers sent to consult the Apollo of Gortyn* were told to 'propitiate the two Gods of Aid'; their wrath would be appeased 'if maidens two" consented to be sacrificed to 'deities twain.'? "The oracle found no maiden of the city willing to obey it, till a bond woman brought word of it away to the daughters of Orion. No sooner had she told them as they stood at the loom, than they accepted death for their neighbours! sake rather than death by the plague, and crying thrice to the Gods below that they were a willing sacrifice, smote themselves with the shuttle beneath the chin, severed the vein of the throat, and fell both of them dead. In pity of them Persephon? and Hades made the maidens' bodies to disappear, and raised up from out of the earth in the stead of them two stars, which appeared and rose into thc sky, and men called them comets. And at Orchomenus in Boeotia all the Aonians built a shrine in remembrance of the maidens, whither every year boys and girls bring them offerings, and to this day they are known to the Aeolians as the Coronaeae or Shuttle-Maidens.*
29-30 'Tuk DaucnurERs or MiNvas
The Same: The Daughters of Minyas:—Told by Nicander in the 4th Book of the Transformations and by Corinna. To Minyas son of Orchomenus were born three daughters named Leucippé, Arsippé? and Alcathoé, who grew up to be extra- ordinarily industrious and find great fault with the other women for leaving the city to go and play Bacchanals in the hills. When at last Dionysus, in the shape of a girl, advised them not to neglect the God's rites or mysteries, they paid no notice, whereupon Dionysus took umbrage and became instead of a maiden a bull, a lion, and a leopard, and
kal kópa:, but prob. xopevíj once meant among other things *shuttle, because the ends of it are sometimes slightly curved like the tips of a bow, or because it resembles the prow of a ship, cf. Germ. Jleberschiff 5 Arsinoé ia Plut. Q. G. 38, who describes the Dionysiac rite to which the story belonged
25
LYRA GRAECA
, , , , ^ , M ^ ^ ^ L4 vy
€ppím véxrap aUTG kal*yaAa. mpós 0e Trà amuetia Tàs kópas &Aae
6eiua, kal uer! oU T0AU kAfjpovs eis &yyos éugaXoUgai àvémrmAay. ^ , ^ - ^
emel 8 Óó kAfjpos éEémeoe AevkímmaS, nUlaro Üvua rd OeQ Dócew,
kai "Immacov Tiv éàvTis Taiba Diécmace cUv Tais üàÓeAdQais.
karaüAvroUGa: Üe Tà olketla ToU maTpbs éBdkxevov év vots Üpeciv
kal évéuovro kiurcüv kal uíAaka kal Bdóvgv, &xpis avràs 'Epurs
€ , vigi y / 3 » Hi ^ € ^ , ,
Gy agevos T1) pá88o ueréBaAev eis 0pyiÜas. kal abTGV 7] u&v eyévero
vukTepís, 7] 6€ 'yAaUE, 7 6* Bó(a. Eopvyor 5€ al Tpeis Ty avyljy ToU
€ /
7; ^iov.
30 Apoll. Pron. 96a TeUs: abr? có(vyos Tfj éucUs: "EmÍxapuos . €égTi 6€ Bowwriakby 52AÓvws: ^ v e "m T€US yàp 0 KXapos'
b mepiaracÓcy rijv mTperóTvnrov cngaíve:.
31 'Y86zovs
Sch. Eur. PAoen. 26 rivis bé kal T4] u«Tépa avrQ (T4 Oibl- Tobi) $acly àvppíjcÓai. àyeAeiy 0t abrbv oU uóvov T3]v Ziyya &AAà kai Tav Tevunaíav àAcmeka, s Kópiwva.
Tepotov B'
32 ['Ayóv! FeAxóvos x] Ki&npavos]
Tzetz. Prol. Hes. 30 Gaisf. 'EAu» 9€ kal Kiüaipàv à-b *EAukGvos kal Ki8aipGvos Ty àbeAoGv ékAfj0ncav, otriwes mpis &AAfjAovs éroAÉumcav, ka06s ó Kuprvaios Avoíuaxos €v TQ TpóTe IIepl IIoigrav igTopet.
| not &pis, cf. l. 18 and initial of title (?) to 33 (in fr. 11 £p:s has no technical connotation, though the context equates it to àyéy)
26
CORINNA
their weavers beams ran him nectar and milk. At these portents the girls took fright, and shortly afterwards the three put lots in a vessel and shook it ; and when it fell to Leucippé she vowed she would make the God a sacrifice, and with the aid of her sisters tore in pieces her child Hippasus. Then leaving their father's roof they went Maenads in the hills, and lived on ivy and eglantine and bay till Hermes with a touch of his wand turned the first into a bat, the second into a white-owl, and the third into an eagle-owl, and all three fled the rays of the sun.
30 Apollonius Pronouns: -Te)s *of thee':;— This corresponds to éuevs *of me'; compare Epicharmus . . . It is clearly
Boeotian ; compare for the lot is thine ;!
where the circumflex shows that it is the pronoun itself (and not the possessive adjective).
31 OkEpniPus
Scholiast on Euripides Phoeniciam Women: According to some authorities his own mother was slain by Oedipus, and he slew not only the Sphinx but, according to Coriuna, the Teumesian Fox.
OLD-WIVES' TALES
Book II 329 TuEk CoNrEsT BETWEEN HEkLIiCON AND CiTHAERON
Tzetzes Introduction to Hesiod : Helicon and Cithaeron were named from the brothers who fought against one another, as we are told by Lysimachus of Cyrené in the first Book of his treatise On the Poets.
! if this belongs here it is strange A. should not have found an instance earlier in the book; possibly the above title is not C.'s
27
LYRA GRAECA
Sch. Od. 3. 267 otro Amufürpis ó éaAmnpeUs: MevéAaos üua Tj 'Obvacei éA0Gyv eis AeXoovs Tbv Oebv efpero mepl Ts ueAAovams écecÓa. eis "IAtov oTpaTeías. rÓTre 0j] kal rbv évveaTqpixbv TÀV Ivyüícv ày&va iryevoÜére: Kpéwov, évíra Bt Amuóbokos Mdkwv ua8mris AvToufjbovs Muxqvaíov, $s 3v mp&ros 8v éróy ypdias lv 'Audvrpócvos mpos TyXe8óas udxmv kal 73v &piv KiBaipavós ve Kal 'EAucdvos, à$' Gv 83; kal rà év Bowría 0p vpoccyopevera.
Pap. Berol. 284 Berl. . Klassikertexte 5. 2.1 25H (after 11 mutilated ll. containing [éo]veré$avov, é' Ékpv, xopds, óplev, $oUAov, "yevé0Aa):
e.g. l]ev[. .. . . .]«o»c-? [ara "éu rav 640v ó|vyes] ac[? [9t80 ]a tv T' oi Aa8pd[6a |v à ay-
15 KoUXop.eirao K póvo, TQ- víka viv KXéve uáknpa 'Peta,* ueyáXav T áÜavárov éas €Xe rtuáv. TáÓ. EueNNrev. pákapas Dy avTíka Moo
20 $épep.ev Aráoov € érarTOV Kpotdlav káXmibas € €» 9 Xpov- cooais: 70 9 &pa mávTes opÜev
mAMovas Ó eiAe* Ka8npav. TáXa Dy "Epuás àvéda, pa- pov àovcas, éparv TS
25 ÉXe víkav, a TeQávvauv [9] €? xaT" gav «àv»ekóo pov? [náka]pes.? Ó O6 voos yeryá61. [0 66 Xo]oT 01 káÜekros LxaXen |j fciy F eAucav é-
30 [cépve] Avrrá6a vérpav,
1 E ? P ó»» corrected from óvei 3 E: these 2 letters perh. belong to a note, or l. 13 is the end of a
28
CORINNA
Scholiast on the Odyssey: The account of Demetrius of Phalerum is as follows:—Menelaüs came to Delphi with Odysseus and consulted the God about the coming Trojan War, and it was then that the eight-yearly Pythian festival was held by Creon, and the victor was the Laconian Demo- docus, a pupil of Automedes of Mycenae, who was the first to write in epic verse of the battle of Amphitryon with the Teleboans and the fight between the Cithaeron and Helicon who gave their names to the mountains in Boeotia.
From a Papyrus of the 2nd Century (after 11 mutilated lines containing well-crowned, on the summit, strings [of the lyre], mountains, tribe, race) :
* . . and the [goats] brought gifts of holy [food], and gave it him unbeknown to crooked-counselled Cronus in the days after divine Rhea had deceived him ! and won great honour of the Immortals.' So sang Cithaeron, and forthwith the Muses bade the Gods put their secret ballot-stones in the golden urns, and all at once they rose, and the more part of the votes was Cithaeron's. And quickly did Hermes loud cry proclaim that he had won delightful victory, and the Gods adorned his head with wreaths,? and his heart was glad. But Helicon, he was whelmed with bitter griefs, and tare out a smooth rock, and
! restoration doubtful, but the ref. would seem to be to the miraculous feeding of the infant Zeus (at places which vary according to the version of the story) after his mother had saved his life by giving Cronus a stone to devour instead of his child ? or perh. adorned him with wreaths on the sme [of the rock]; but one would expect evdvres or the ike
stanza ('Aexpàv — 'Acrpoiev? or 'Acíer ?) : 6461a — (&0ca (but v « are doubtful letters) id us 5 Sch. es $ P cor- rected from o8X« (€oAe perf. ? E) * or$ Fe(E:)P .-.]e 5 Vollgraff compares Gr. Díal. Inschr. 5075 és ràv üve üiav Tüs TéTpas (suppl. Schroed.) ? ]l. 26-32 suppl. Wil.
29
LYRA GRAECA
[évé8e]kev 9 O|po]s* v«Tpós [86 yo]&v ! ob dró0ev eipi- / 5 2 L6 5A cé [viv é]v? uovpiáóéeo ot Xaós (30 more mutilated lines containing mpoaíagt, ueAÍov, mpoaó- povaev, $éy[yos], erui TU, Vou &ca[v], ávbpercsiv, Aubs M»a-|[uocotras T... .] &képn, Sch. ézrikAn6foeatat, Fe[Aucdv], Q0 &pa, üpos, kpov|ep . .], ega[T . .])
33. T[dpv 'Accziáv] Ibid. : Mooc [aov FtocTeoáv ov? 6O[pov éa Xov obT. €]véro On[uovas uéXmr oca] uéXu? (17 mutilated lines containing éc]eó3iov, Gme . . &éAwos, 0]ovaías, QíXa, $0]oyyáv, iav, 'Aawn|[ |, €v vópov, ucA]á8pov, év Teijováv)
i
àv "Hy([tvav, T1àv vye]vé8XavS Aevs [varet(p, 6wreip à |ya0Àv? (25 mutilated lines containing Kopxov[p , TWori[bdev .. Ta]reip Xw[émav, Oec[viav . . é]elv €xwv, caóés:, rapà 6v)
ov|rok av10|. . . . .]Óev:? Aàv]a yàp €iás [T éézo-]
50 c ebó9uov [écer. ei]Gec.? Tüv € Tóc Tpis pev €xL Aes TaTeip vávTrOv fÜfactXevs. Tpis O6 TOvTO yyüpe uéÓov IIoriGácv, Tfjv 06 6oviv
55 Q)Bos Xékrpa kparovUvr
1 Sitz. ? — fpewe: suppl. Wil. ? Crón. ig (obrTo — TobUTo) 5 Crón. $6 Cron.-E | ? Wil .8 Sch. ovroT' : ll, 48-50 suppl. Wil. ? Sch. 555
30
CORINNA
the mountain-side gave way, and wailing piteously he thrust it down among the innumerable peoples.!
( The poem is completed by 30 mutilated lines containing they approach, limbs (or songs), he rushed towards, the light, of the Gods to the, they gave them their fill (?) as they came, to the men, daughters of Zeus and Memory, Scholion will be invoked, He[licon], thus then, mountain, cold, lovely)
33 'TurE ManniacEs or THE DaucurTERs or AsoPus? From the Same Papyrus:
[Here] tell I a [goodly] gift of the [violet-crowned] Muses, [hymning| divinities in song
(17 mutilated lines containing after-piece, like the . . sun, sacrifices, dear, voice, I, Asopus, into law, palace, into woe)
of whom Aegina, [thy] offspring, Zeus [the Father, giver] of good things
(25 mutilated lines containing Corcyra, father ... Poseidon hath Sinopé . . . Thespia, clearly, from the Gods)
never. . . . For she? shall soon be happy waiting upon Zeus and the Goddesses. Of thy daughters, three are with Father Zeus the king: of all, three are wedded to Poseidon lord of the sea, two do share the bed of Phoebus, and one is wife to Maia's
1 restoration of this sentence not quite certain * title uncertain ; the first letter of * marriages" only survives, and that may belong not to the title but to a note ? Asopus' wife Metopé, daughter of river Ladon (Wil.)
31
32
60
70
75
80
LYRA GRAECA
Tàv Ó iav Mijas dqnilpe
7j Eppás. oUTOs! yup "Epos K) Kovrpis. 7iÜérav Tus?
év ,S0pos Bárvras kpovóáaóav kcpas évvt éXéo0.
T/j TOK €ipotv revéOXav éoryyevváa ovO' eipuO Lov
eda cov6 Tr0Xovoreptes.
Té üT eipo T ÉSg [navros JoUvo Tpizo00s à T | ézrerovcguav:]?
706€ yépas k|aréo xov (o]v * és "revreikovva kpaTepOv
e , 2 5 , 0J7.0V, Tr€00xX08$ ? 7rpooa- Tas ceuvOv à60UTOV Xayav
axrevóuav ' Ax[pr]oetv.8
7 pácot [uev] yàp AaroiGas Duc , Eowvob uot Tpvm óÓcoy eos TA Xpeta pios évémriy* TÓV [) és yyás BaXav Oi?pieys TujuÀV Ocirepos io xev,
7s Ilori6áevos, éri-
T apíoev dps yevérop
yfjav Füv àv Tracáuevos'
Xo uev opavov àudéri
Tt.udv 0 [éXXa xov] obvav. Toe eD T &yvo] ? évér o
T aTpéd av xpet]a uoXóvyov.? TOU 6é, [GUN , Q6 T " àjffavárvs Dx &1) Novo. és rapaxav 1 ópévas ógpow[ev Fexóv ]oevov."
CORINNA
good son Hermes. For them did Love and Cypris persuade to go secretly to thy house and take thy daughters nine.! And they in good time shall bear thee a race of demigod heroes, and be fruitful mothers of children. Learn thou both the things thou didst ask of the oracular tripod, and how it is I learnt them. This honour have I of fifty mighty kinsmen, the share allotted Acraephen? in the holy sanctuary as forthteller of the truth.
For the son of Leto gave the right of speaking oracles from his tripods first unto Euonymus ; and Hyrieus? it was who cast him out of the land and held the honour second after him, Hyrieus son of Poseidon ; and my sire Orion took his land to him- self and had it next, and now dwells in heaven— that is his portion of honour. Hence comes it that I know and tell the truth oracular. And as for thee, my friend, yield thou to the Immortals and set thy mind free from tumult, wife's father to the Gods.
! the scholiast on Pind. O. 6. 144 gives seven, Corcyra, Aegina, Salamis, Cleoneé, Thebé, Harpinna, Nemea ; C. seems to have included Sinopé, Thespia, and (Paus. 9. 20 2). Tanagra : Diod. Sic. 4. 72 gives twelve, including besides the first six of the Sch. Peirené, Tanagra, Thespia, Asopis, Sinopé, Oenia, Chaleis; Apollod. 3. 12. 6 gives their number as twenty * the speaker; //£. I, Acraephen, having been allotted the truth as a prophet sharing in (or, wifh emendation, as a
prophet, in succession, of) the holy sanctuary ? epony- mous hero of Tanagra
1 E, — roorovs : P ore ? Sch. Teo?»s 3 E, Tei — T] (* receive both that which thou didst ask of the mantie tripod and whence, ;.e. how, I had learnt it) : P r'&réipor es (with
Sch. qpeex) and wir! : uavr. Wil. 4 Wil. 5 bidBoxos? $ je. &yeóóeiay: P must have had axpaietv ? Sch. QVaKT10QGAeVos 8 Wil 9 Jur. 19 Wil: Sch. eiue
11 E cf. Pind. O. 7. 5b. ?? Wil. from Sch. o 755 'y'aun8eurns [rar]up » Tov *yn[uav]ros 33
VOL. III. D
LYRA GRAECA
e » , 1 , cs é$a [nuavris]! vrepayets: N wv , , TOv 0 " A[cros àc ]racíos e£tas dava ]evos Oákpüv T [okrá4X]Xov ? v poBaXcv 90 o6. agtvr[aro $]óvy:
(52 mutilated lines containing meos 9[é, FdBo[um, mavopu[, €bv[ , 8m w, Aabs, Tócov &$a, II&pveiws, Fábour Te, Fabelav, keivo TeoUs, TüUX[a] Te, €c(apep[é]us (— é£epéoss Crón.), eTépyo, Ki0gp[év, HMAeta[B8 , peibé, 0ovuó[v, k?; Ki6(mpev, IlIAdTm[av, 5' üyer' o[ , kAapos, Tldpve[1s, 0avovr[ , Iiapve[rt, and not concluding the poem)
94
Theod. v. KAíceev r&v eis ev Bapvróvev Excerp. Hdn. Hilgard Tb AáBev imb 'Avriuáxov Oià ToU w kAlveraui . . . 5 névTOi Kópiva 8:ià ToU vT T3jy kAÍgiw émo:sjcaTo TQ AÓ'yo TÀV ueTOXUcGY otov
, Adá80vros 6ovaxoTpodo ?
99 Choer. l1. 75 7b uévro: Néfov 1q Aó4q vày ueroxikGv Dià ToU vT kAÍve: Kópivva, otov , Né60ovTos
oí 8€ vepl Aíbvuov kal'Amíeva Dià ToU cw kAlvovgi àvaAOyws, olov NéOavos.
96
Ath. 4. 174 f. [z. *yvyypaivev avA&v]: TovTois 5€ kal oí Kápes Xp&vrai év rois Ópfjvois, ei u3j Éápa kal 7 Kapía doiwíi éxaAeiro, &s mapà Kopívym kai BakxvA(On €aviw ebpeiy.
1 ]]. 86-90 suppl. Wil. ? cf, Hdn. Gram. Gr. 1. 158. 17 ? mss -$ov
!]l 91-142 Asopus' answer ? afterwards Ismenus, Paus. 9. 10. 6 3 cf, Eust, Od. 1654. 24, 824. 22, Sch. 0d.
34
CORINNA
So spake the right holy seer, and Asopus grasped him heartily by the hand, and dropping a tear from his eyes thus made him answer . . .
(52 mutilated lines containing! and of thee, I rejoice, I cease, dowry, I will give, to the peoples, so he spake, Parnes, and I rejoice, sweet, that of thee, and fortune, tell forth, I am content, Cithaeron, Pleiad, nor, heart, and Cithaeron, Plataea, come ye, lot, Parnes, dead, Parnes, and not concluding the poem)
94
Theodosius Declension of Barytones in -ev : The word Ad8ev *the river Ladon'? is declined by Antimachus with genitive AdBwvos . . . but Corinna uses the participle-like form Ad3ovros, for instance
of Ladon, nurse of reeds?
954 Choeroboseus [Te A4eccentuation of Barytones inm -wv]: The.
word Né8cv, * Nedon,' is declined like a participle by Corinna, with the genitive Né8ovros
of Nedon though Didymus and Apion decline it regularly, Né8wvos.
36
Athenaeus Doctors at Dinner [on the flute called gíngrainus]: These are used by the Carians in their dirges, unless by Caria is meant Phoenicia,* a confusion found in Corinna and Bacchylides.
10. 572, Cram. .4.0. 1. 62 * cf. Str. 8. 360 5 so the context requires, but the Gk. would more naturally mean * by P. is meant C."
35 D 2
LYRA GRAECA
91 Choer. in Theod. 1. 80 Gaisf. Opavv£ Opávvkos, éri ToU 0póvov apà Kopívvm. 38 Hesych. TOvÜ cv
rapà Kopívvy, éml verialov ! kpées T0 ovoya.
39
Heracl. Mil. 26 Cohn oj7w 8€ ka) opi(w $pásgsce Tb Aéyw. ékeiBey Kópivva 1j ueXom015s
b párTO ipi te qm é$ év 8vol 7 Boiccukós. Ld EIIITPAMMATON AT NOMQON ATPIKON 40
Anon. Gram. Egenolff PAilol. 59. 949 7à 8t Oéceia 6" pos Bià Ts ei DupÜd-yyov "ypábei rij T&v (npoymapotvróvev kavóvi. ó 5t 'Hpebiavós év cfj Onmnpikfj HipoggD(a 0ià ToU « *ypáei émeibiy *àp eÜpnrai 4j mi GvAXaBi] avveoTaXuévn ós mapà Kopivvgp?
Gécia kaXMvyéveOXe, duXóEeve, uoaodiXevre
1 Mus: ms voriBlov — ? mss Kopív6e and, below, uovaoQíAsre
1 of. réy0ns * gourmand '? ? cf. Choer. 1. 75, a corrup-
36
CORINNA 3T
Choeroboseus on Theodosius Canons: 6pàvwt, genitive Opávvkos throne or seat
is used for 6póvos by Corinna. 38
Hesychius Glossary: Tróv6wv: —In Corinna, used of
chine-meat !
39?
Heracleides of Miletus: In the same way ópdáecw for $pá(cw *to say? ; whence the lyrie poet Corinna uses $párTo
I say with the Boeotian double 7.
Book III? INSCRIPTIONS
Book IV LYRIC NOMES 404
Anonymous Grammarian: The name Thespeia is written thus with the diphthong by Orus according to the rule of the proparoxytones, but Herodian in the Z/omeric Prosody (2. 34) writes it with the « because the second syllable is found short, as for instance in Corinna:
Thespia, mother of fair offspring, friend of the stranger, dear to the Muse
tion of the sequel to this passage 3 the order of Books is conjectural * cf. Steph. Byz. s. Oée eia, Eust. 266. 6
37
LYRA GRAECA
E/ 41
Heph. 2 [m. evvekówevfaews] .. . 7 5vo DBpaxetav els píav Bpaxetav . . . éaTi uévToi kal éy Émei s mapà Kopívvm év vd méunTQ'!
7) €javek Os eO ;? ov uàv mrápos 700a, Kópwva, «obmvaXéa. 7?
! cf. Sch. ad loc. (vwvts 8é $a év Gevrépa) ? mss eb8eis 3 Herm.
! may have contained poems of a personal type, but such a sentence is not impossible in the àpx/ or edpayís of a nome or of a choral song: some ancient authorities quoted this as from Dook II ? collected by Crónert Zh. Mus. 1908. 188
38
CORINNA
Book V! 41 Hephaestion Handbook of Metre [on synizesis]: . . . or two short syllables coalesce into one short; . . . it occurs even
in an hexameter, as for instance the 5th Book of Corinna :
Will you be sleeping for ever? There was a time, Corinna, when you were not [a sluggard].
Boeotian forms? which probably come from Corinna are quoted by Apollonius Pron. 69 c rov, rosv, Tovya 'thou,' 106a F) *to him, llle vó * we two," 135a viós thy," 6&iés * God, by Choerobosceus 143. 7 Aiveíao, * Aeneas," 145. 37 75j 'EAév, * Helen,' 77 IIgveAóv7, ' Penelope, 168. 29 Aaxe; ' Laches,' 214. 929 'AxiAALos, "Ax1iAAlS, "AxiAAa, *Achilles 383. 32 'Epueíao, *Hermes, 390. 20 'O8vece)s, «Odysseus, 367. 20 "Ounpv, 'Homer,' 390. 32 Aa0os — Z$0os, ' Zethus, 8vyós— (vyós * yoke" and E. M. 383. 15 écuós — 5 'yevvàca * she that conceives?
39
AAMIIPOKAEOTX Béos
Sch. Plat. 4ic. li8e IlIv0oxXetógs pgovotkos 7w, Ts ceuvfjs uovcuk?js 0.04o kaXos, kai IlvOa- yopeios, ob uaO59177s ' Aya€okX)s, ob NaumpokMis, ob Adápov.
Plut. Mus. 16 [m. TÍ)s Mi£foXxvótov áppovías] év 0é Tols leTopuois TÍ)S Appovucis IIv8ocXetóny nci ( Apa róEevos) TÜüV G)MQrQV ebperiv avTÍs geryovévat. Abos 0€ Aa pora TÓV "A8rvaiov avvi&ovra à 0TL ovK évratOa € eX et TÜv Siátev£w 6 ÜTOU a xe60v QT AavTEsg QOVTO, AXN éTi TO oEv, ToLOUTOV QUTI)s dmepyáca Oa TÓ cXfjua oiov TÓ dm Tapaguéa)s €mi vmárqv vmaTÓv.
AAMIIPOKAEOT2 1
Sch. Ar. Nub. 967 [eira BabíCeiw €v TüigiV óOois eUTákTGS es kiBapi ToU | TOUS. KG) Tas yvuvoUs &Opóovs, kei kpuavdion kàáravíoov | eir! a? 7 poua8ety &cu é0(0nckev T mp gu £vvéxovras, | ?] IlaAAdóa mepa éroAir 8eiwày ) TzAémopór Tl Bóaua, | évreiwapévovs Ti» G&puovíav Àv oi TaTépes mapéerav: | ei 8é Tis avrà Beuokoxebaur? 2 kdyeuév TiVà küj TT, | olas oí vUv ràs karà epÜriw ravTas Tàs ÜvakoXokdumTovs, | €rerpíBero
1 cf. Ox. Pap. 1611. 160 ff., Sch. Aristid. 3. 5. 37, Suid. TqAémopov, Tz. Hist. 1. 683 (reads 8auómeAov and ascribes to
40
LAMPROCLES
Lirk
Scholiast on Plato: Pythocleides was a musician, a teacher of the noble or solemn type of music, a Pythagorean, who taught Agathocles the teacher of Lamprocles, who in turn was the teacher of Damon.
Plutarch Music [on the Mixolydian mode]: In the History of. Harmonics Aristoxenus declares it to have been invented by Pythocleides the flute-player. Lysis states that Lamprocles of Athens, realising that this mode has the * disjunction ' (or interval of a full tone between A and B in the two tetrachords composing the octachord EFGABCDE) not where it had been almost universally thought to have it but at its treble end, arranged the mode to proceed from B to B.
LAMPROCLES l1!
Scholiast on Aristophanes [* And then the boys of the ward would walk decorously through the streets to the lyre- player's, all in a body, and without cloaks though it snowed thick as barley-meal ; and he taught them to stand up properly and sing by heart a song such as ** Pallasthe stormer dread " or ** A far-sounding ery," sticking carefully to the good old ** mode" ; and if one of them played the buffoon or put in glides and trills like the boys of to-day with the intricate flourishes they get from Phrynis, why, he received a sound
Stes.), Dio Chr. 13. 259 (Bedv, 8. 0eóv, or "A6qvàv mss), Sch. Tz. Chil. Pressel 101, Cram. 4.0. 3. 353. 13
AT
LYRA GRAECA
! x H * , * , TI $7 TvTTÓLu€VOS TOÀÀüs Gs Tàs Mo)vcas à$aví(wv| &àpxi àcuaros: Ppvríxov -CTiwés2, &s «0:7 "Eparoo0évgs d$moiv epóvixos! aUToU TOUTOV TOU dcLaToS uymuoveve: ós AaumpokAéovs üvTOS TOU Mí8wvos vioU: €xei 6€ obrws:
, IIaXXá6a vrepo érroXutv N * , Geuv7)v Oeóv évypekviOotpov / , e N TOTLKN0CO TrOXeuaóókov áyvàv ^ N Tai6a AL0s ueyáXov aur nmoexov àic Tov 7rapÜévov.?
/ kal 'karà AaumpokAéa bmorí0no: karà Aébw.
2 Ath. ll. 491 c [z. óvóuaros ToU TGv IlAeidBwv]: AaupokAs 9' ó Bi6vpauflomoibs kal pyrÀs avTàs elmev óuwvvyeiv rais TepigTe- pais €v robTOIs* e. GL T€ Tr0TÁVALS € /, , T2] , ^ 0 3 0J.OvVULOL TreXeLaa tv a4UCepu vetat e
Tep| XAPIEENHX
Et. Mag. 361. 21 émi Xapi£évgs aj)Xqrpis j Xapi£év ápyaía kal vroujrpua kpovprov. | oi 0€ peXorrotov: eom ojos Xetptfjoiv:
1 E, cf. Sch. Aristid. (rbv 8€ mour2r avT0oU0 'PoU$os xal Aiovócios icTopoUciw év Tfj Moveciukij Ppóvixóv Tiva, üAXot Dé [4e. Chamaeleon, Oz. Pap.] $ae: AeumpokAéa 1) Zrmoíxopov KTÀ.): mss pvvíxov &s 'Ep. $moiv dp)vixos, $mnolv és 'Ep. $p)rixos bé, oUrws 'Eparoa0évns: épórixos — ? so Sch. Aristid. (who confirms 8ewfv for Ar. but says he substituted it for kAjoc, 4.6. kA1lCe, and omits 0eby éyp. | morikA. with some mss of Sch. Ar. which read xAj(w [for Sewfv] and mepoémro»w) :
42
CHARIXENA
thrashing for obscuring the Muses ']: This is the beginning of a song; according to some authorities the author is Phryniehus, but according to Eratosthenes Phrynichus mentions this very song as being by Lamprocles son of Midon.* It runs as follows :
Pallas the stormer, dread Goddess that rouseth the mellay I call, pure upholder of War, child of great Zeus, tamer of colts,? maiden unknown of man.?
And Phrynichus expressly adds *as Lamprocles hath it."
94
Athenaeus Doctors at Dinner [on the name of the constella- tion Pleiades]: The dithyrambist Lamprocles expressly states that they bear the same name as doves, in the words :
e. ye who go in the sky namesakes of winged turtle-doves
On CHARIXENA 5
Etymologicum Magnum : In Charixena's time :— Charixena was an out-of-date fluteplayer and musical composer, and according to some authorities a lyric poet; compare Theopompus in the Sirens :
! it was also ascribed to Stesichorus * Phrynichus the comic poet apparently adapted the lines thus: IlIaAAa9a mepgémoAiww | kA (ew moAeua3ókov &yvàv | ratón Aibs | uevyáXov
6audcimmor, cf. Ox. Pap. ? meaning doubtful & of Eust. 1713. 5 (omits re) 5 ef. Paroem. App. 29. 82, Eust. 326.44 mss Sch. Ar. 9auácwrmov only or omit ? Mein.: ms keig 0e
43
LYRA GRAECA a)Xet yàp carp avT1) ye kpovuaO' ota! ràri XapiEéigs. Kparivos O8vacecuv: ovk i0.& TáO ovkér Ovra Ü oia Tàmi Xapi- Eéyys?
1 Mein : mss «povudria 7à évl X. ? E, trochaic tetra- meter: mss ioc (with a above) rd9' obkeróv0ot kTA.
44
CHARIXENA
She plays rotten music like what they played in Charixena's time ;!
and Cratinus in the Odysseuses :
These are not peculiar dead-and-gone things like what they played in Charixena's time.
See also Ar. Eccl. 938 ff. and Sch., Hesych. ézi Xapiéévgs, Suid. Xapiéévg (adds éraipao).
! the Greek is *the things of C.'s time"; the saying was apparently proverbial of anything (any performance?) that
was reckoned old-fashioned in style; for its form cf. rà érl Navváxov (king before Deucalion)
45
AIONTEXIOT, AAMIIPOT, IIPATINOT Bío:
^ ^ / Plut. Mus. 31 TÓv yàp karà T:3jv avToD 7)XucLav N , ^ /, Lal , N » $9nci Texeocia vrQ OnBaío cvurjva: véo uev ovrt rpaófvai. év T) kaXMoTg puovciukg] kai paOeiv M "^ 5 Á/ N N N N /, dXXa re TOv evOokuuoUvTOV Kai 01) «ai rà LovOd pov ^ / N / T& T€ ÁuLovvoiov ToU Onfjatov kai rà Aayrmpov «ai rà lIpacivov kai vàv Xovróv óco0L TOV Xvpucav » , , &vOpes éyévovro vroural kpovparov àyaO0ot.
Plat. Menex. 236 a | MEN. ísaiToQ ; 1) 6fjjXov ór(' Ao vraaíav Xéyets ; —XO. Aéyo wyáp, kai Kóvvov yye Tóv Mqrpoj8tov: oUTOL ty&áp p.oL Ovo eiciv OLOAG kaXotL, 0 6v uova uit), 7 06 puropukíje. obTo uév o)v rpeQópevov ávópa 265 N ^ 5 / , N ^ ov0cev ÜavuacTóv Oeiwóv eivat Xéyew: àXXà kai 0gTis €uoÜ0 káxkiov émautGeUO, uovaukzv pev vm Adm pov rratGevOeis, pyropuciv 66 vm Avrivros ^ el P , 5 ToÜ 'Pagvovciov, ópc« kxüv obros oiós T eim , , , , , , ^ , m AOvaíovs *ye év ' AÓnvaíois érauvóv ebOokipetv. Ath. 2. 44 d bÓpomóTgs 9 Qv kal Aáyumpos o , ^ povcLkos, 7repi o9 Cpivuyos xot Xápovs Opnvetv, 5 ? /, , , &v ota. Aáyrpos évasréÜvnokev üvÜpemos —ov- j0aTom0Ts, pivvpós vrepao- Quos, Moveóv ockeXerós, àgóóvov smíaXos, Üpvos
" ALG0v. 46
DIONYSIUS, LAMPRUS, PRATINAS
LivEs
Plutarch Music: Among those of his own age Aristoxenus declares that it fell to the lot of Telesias of Thebes to be educated in his youth in the best music, and to learn the works of famous artists, particularly of Pindar, Dionysius of Thebes, Lamprus, Pratinas, and the rest, in fact all of the lyric poets who were good composers of music.
Plato Menerxenus [SocRArEs and | MENExENvs]: MEN, Whom do you mean? surely Aspasia, don't you ?— Soc. Yes, I do, and Connus son of Metrobius. These are my two teachers, Aspasia of rhetoric and Connus of music. No wonder that a man can speak with such an education. Yet even a man who was not so well educated, but who owed his music to Lamprus and his rhetoric to Antiphon of Rhamnus, would be able to win himself fame by eulogising Athenians at Athens.
Athenaeus Doctors at Dinner: Another water- drinker was Lamprus the musician, of whom Phryni- chus says that * the sea-mews among whom Lamprus died sing his dirge;? the water-drinker, the whining highbrow, the Muses mummy, the nightingales' ague,? the hymn in honour of Death.'
! cf. Corn. Nep. Epam. 2, Harp. 'Avrvyeví8as 3 i.e. he was drowned at sea * or perh. nightmare
47
LYRA GRAECA
Ibid. 1. 20 XojokMs óc 70s TÀÓ KüaX0s yeyevfjaOat T pav ?)v kai ópxno Tuc O€61- Omypuévos kai uovauknv rt rais àv mapà Aáympeo.
Suid. IIoazívas — llvppevióov 7j '"Emykwepgiov, QX&cL0s, 7rOU)T])S Tpa'/yoOLas. avTWwycovitero 8€ AicXUXo Te kai Xotp(Xo émi Tíjs éB60jnkooTíjs "OxvjwmLá80s, kai zrperos éypade Xar/povs. ém.i- Oeuevvuévov O6 rovrov cvvéf và ixpua éd àv €éoT5kecav oi Ücarai meoeiv. kal ék ToUTOV Ocarpov qobouij0m "AOmgvaíots. | kai Opápara Lev éme8ei£aTo v, Gv Xarvpikà A9. évixgoe O6 &Tna£t.
Ath. 1. 22a pm. ópxaja eos] aci 06 kai Oct ot apxato oup aí, Géoa7rs, AIparívas, Dpvvixos, 0px9o Tai éxaXobvTo $i TO pi) uóvov Tà ÉaVvTOV Ópáuara àvadépetv eis Opxrow TOÜ XOopoÜ, àXXà KaL €£o TOV iOLev "rovudrov OiQ4cKkeiv TOUS BovXopuevóvs. opxetoOa.
Arg. Aesch. Sept. &O10dx0m émi Oeayevíóov OX idót 0g. évika Aaig, OióGroó,, 'EcTà éri Oas, Xdvyyi caTvpui). OeUTepos Apua Tías ILepa et, TavráXo, — Avraio, 7? IIaXawc ats cacv- pukois rois Ilparivov vraTpos.
! mss add Kparivos ? (xarrod, cf. Hdn. m. gov. AéE. p. 916 Lentz
48
LIVES OF DIONYSIUS, LAMPRUS, PRATINAS
The Same : Sophocles had not only been a hand- some youth but had been taught dancing and music
in his childhood by Lamprus.
Suidas Lexicon: Pratinas:—Son of Pyrrhonides, or according to some authorities, of Encomius, of Phlius, a tragic poet. He competed against Aeschy- lus and Choerilus in the 70th Olympiad (s.c. 500- 497) and was the first writer of Satyric drama. lt was during the performance of one of his plays that the wooden platforms on which the audience stood gave way, and thereafter the Athenians built them- selves a theatre. He exhibited fifty dramas in all, thirty-two of which were Satyric. He was victorious once,
Athenaeus Doctors at. Dinner [on dancing]: It is said that the old poets Thespis, Pratinas, Phrynichus were called dancers because they not only made their plays a matter of choric dancing but actually taught dancing generally, apart from their own dramas.
Introduction to Aeschylus Seven against Tebes: The play was produced in the archonship of Theagen- ides in the 78th Olympiad (s.c. 468). Aeschylus won . with the Laus, the Oedipus, the Seven Against T'hebes, and the satyr-play Spi. The second prize fell to Aristias with the Perseus, the 7'antalus, the 4ntaeus, and a satyr-play of his father Pratinas, the JVrestlers.
See also Paus. 2. 13. 6, Inscr. Dittenberger Sy/l. Ed. 2. 123.
49 VOL. III. E
LYRA GRAECA
IIPATINOT MeXov
1
Ath. 14. 617 b [m. avAGv] IHparívas 8€ ó $Aidici0s abAqrGv kal xopev rav uio0o$ópev kaTrexóvrov Tàs OpxioTpas üyavakreiv Tivàs éml T Tobs a)Aqràs ui) cvvavAeiv Tois xopois kaÜdmep jv márpiov, &àAAà TojUs Xopovs cvvdew Tots avDAmTais: bv obv clxev KaTÀ TÀV TGUTA& TOi00VTGYV Üvubv ó Iiparívas éguoaví(er 6i& ToUOe TOU óTopxtjuaTos:!
Tís o 0 0ópvBos 00€; Ti TáO€ TÀ xopebpaa ; ;
Tis U9pis €uoXev éri Avovvotáóa roXvmárarya
OÓvyuéxav ;
, X D N € , » ^ "^ »
€uos éuós 0 Bpojguos: €ue Oei keXaóOetv, &ue
et mrararyeiv
àv ópea c Ünevov uerà Naiáócv 9 üTe I UKVOV dyovra E TrOLKLNÓTT TEDOV péXos.
Tày doiGày Ka TÉG TAG EV S ILvepis
BaciXeiav:? 060 aUos ÜcTepov xyopevéra
kai yap écO Vrnpéras:
kcjots uovov * ÓvpaguáXor-
/ , P 10 ci ve 7rv'yuaxtaus ? véov ÜéXot srapotvev éupevatc a TpaTmáras. ^ / hy vraie TOV jpuvéov zroiiXov Trvoiàv N x£&ovva,! DXéye róv óXeotciaXokáXagov ? AaXofapvorra rapajueXopvOuofdrav?
6
! for metre cf. Garrod C. X. 1920 p. 132; the resolved feet are anapaests ? &re Gar: mss old ve Siebourg à$évra * BD—E, cf. Cratin. 1: mss kareoras émiepeis BaciAei * Wil: mss kdgwv uóvov (-«v) 5 Gar.—E: mss 6vpaudxois T€ Tv'yua- xíauat $ 8éXAo. Dob.—Wil: mss 6caei, 0éa rapolvev D: mss-vov 7? ópvvéov Emp.-Wil: mss $pvvaíov mvo:iv Gar :
50
PRATINAS
PRATINAS LvnRic PoEeMws
1
Athenaeus JDocíors at Dinner [on flutes]: According to Pratinas! of Phlius, at a time when hired flute-players and chorus-dancers occupied the orcAesíras, some anger was aroused! because the flute-playing was not an accompani- ment to the singing of the choruses as of old, but the singing of the choruses an accompaniment to the flute-playing. Pratinas' feeling in the matter is shown by the following Hyporcheme or Dance-Song :
What clamour is this, what measures are here? What outrage is befallen on the patter-circled altar Dionysiac? To me belongs Bromius, to me. [It is I that should sing, it is I that should ring, as I speed me o'er the hills with the Naiads like a swan that makes his motley-feathered tune. Song'sthe queen Muse hath made; the flute, he must dance second as becometh a servant; let him captain the revels if he will, the fist-to-fist door-battery of the tipsy and the young. Beat O beat him that breathes the breath of a speckled toad!? To the flames with this reedy spender of spittle, bawler of bibble-babble, counter-runner unto time and unto tune, this hire-
! reading uncertain ; perh. *the anger of P. was aroused ' (aryavák«rgoev or, with Wil, &yavakrícas éml krA. with asyndeton) * probably a punning reference to the tragic poet Phrynichus (— little toad)
mss Tvodv xéovra Jac: msséxovra | 9 B: mss óAociaAoK., 0A0g1aK. ? B: mss AaXoBapvorapag.
5I
LYRA GRAECA
15 Ofjra! rpvráve Géuas mem Xaopévov. ORE PP ber ^ 23 N N 3v tov" e coL Ge£ids * kai mro00s &appióá, Ópau BotiO s pape KLO G ÓXGLT' &vaf: xove rà» éuàv Aopiov xopetarv.
2
Ath. 14. 632 f Biersipnoav 5e uáXioTa TÀOv 'EAAfwwv» Aake- Beipóyiot Ty n ovcuktv, TAelaTy avri xpdpevot, kal gvxvol Tap abTois é'yévovro ueXàv mowmraí. Tm2poUgiv 8€ kal vüv Tàs üpxaías qbàs émiueA Qs moXvuaÜeis re eis rabSTas eigl kal üxpiBeis. —ó0ev «al IIparívas $moí-
A Z » , , 3 QEcaovoTeiTTLC €UTUKOS €usS Xopov
3
Ibid. 11 461 e [v. morqpíev] àAAà uXv karà Tbv Xidciov moi]Tir IIparívav 0v yàv avAakic uévav 5 ^ , 3-9 4 /, &pGv, G!XX ackadoov^ uarevov KvAumyopt;aov epxojucu.
&4& Avapawat 3) Kapvdrtóes
Ibid. 9. 3929 f [m. ópr/yev] Hparívas 9' év Avapaiveis? 1) Kapvárigiv
aov ovov
iBíes kaAet vcbv Üprvya, mXjv €i pi Ti. mwapà Tois PAiaoiois 7) TO(s Adkcegi $wvíjevres ós kal oi épüuces.
1 Q5jra Hart: mss 0wza or omit ? Bamberger: mssÓOetid 3 Dobr: mss Aákev ó T. KTA. ^ &püv Scal: mss ópàv &AX' &ckapov B: mss àAAA ckáQor, ckÜ$ov 5 Mein : mss Aug. 6 m, 7. G$)uacío:s Quvíjevrés «eicwZ» &s kal oí épüikes mapà rois Adkmgi?
52
PRATINAS
ling creation of a carpenter's bit! Look ye here; here's thy true wagging of hand, wagging of foot, thou king of Thriamb and Dithyramb, thou Lord of the ivied tresses;! so give thou' ear to me and my Dorian roundelay.?
2
Athenaeus Doc'ors at Dinner : Now of all the Greeks none preserved the art of music more jealously than the Spartans ; they practised it very generally, and lyrie poets were numerous among them. Even to this day they keep the ancient songs with the greatest care and are real connoisseurs of them. And thus it is that we find Pratinas saying:
the cricket of Sparta so apt at the dance?
3
The Same [on cups]: All the same, according to Pratinas the poet of Phlius:
not ploughing ready-furrowed earth, but seeking ground that hath not felt spade
do I come to talk over cups.
4 Turks DvsMAENAE or CaRvariDs
The Same [on quails]: Pratinas in his Dysmaenae or Caryatids is peculiar in calling the quail
sweet-voiced
unless indeed among the Phliasians or Spartans the quail like the partridge has a voice.*
! Dionysus * the flute was accounted Phrygian ? the cricket was proverbially the champion singer of Greece * prob. ref. to Aleman 25 (Ath. 9. 390a); we should perh. read *among the P. the quail, like the partridge among the * S., has a voice '
53
LYRA GRAECA
5
Ibid. 14. 624 f. [v. 75s AioA(Bos &puovías]: ai Iparívas 5é TOU $c , /, , pajre a vvrovov OLoe up)re rà» àveuuévav 5 M ^ , N ^N , ^ IacTi uo0cav, àXXa ràv uécav veov &povpav aióMite TQ péXet.
€y 8€ rois és capeoTepóv $nour:
, ^ , v , T-péret TOL rácww ào.G6oXá D paratus AioMis àppuorvia.
6
Plut. Mus. 7 [v. abAqBuGQv vóuev] &AAo( 8t KpdTw«Tos eivai $act rov IIoAvké$aAov vópuov, *yevouévov ua8sroU "OAUuTOV:
€
ó 8€ Ilparívas 'OAUumTOv dmolv eivai ToU vewTépov Tbv vóporv TOUTOV.
1 àoiboA. D: mss àoibà A.
54
PRATINAS 5
The Same [on the Aeolian * mode?]: Compare what Pratinas SAYS:
Pursue neither the high-pitched Muse nor the low Ionian, but plough mid-field and play the Aeolian in your melody.
And in what follows he says it more clearly :
Sure the Aeolian mode befits all that are braggarts in song.
6
Plutarch On Music [on flute-sung *nomes?]: According to another account, however, the Many-Headed Nome is the work (not of Olympus but) of Crates *a pupil of Olympus, though Pratinas declares it to be the work of Olympus the Younger.
See also Plut. Ms. 9, 31, 42, Acr. Hor. 4. P. 216.
55
AIAT'OPOT
Bos
Ar. Ran. 320
EA. roÜT €oT Éékéiv, O Oca ToÜ * oí ueuvmpuévot
évrab0dá vov maitovouv, obs ébpate vàv.
áGovct ryotv TOv "Iaexov Ovrep Ov áryopüs.
Schol. ad loc. Aa'yópas pex TouT)s dOeos Og kai kai Oatuovta eia iyyeiro óc rep Xokpárs. Kal O LV 'Apía Tapxos Auaryópov. Vüv pvnpoveei $civ 0X es dóovTos avToU TOUS Oeóvs, XN. év eipeveta Ketjévov ToU Xoyov, AvTi Tob XMevátovros, é£opxovpévov. àvakivet o)v TOUS 'AOmvatovs 0 KcopiKos O80cv kai ot "AÜOmvator es OLaxXeva- Covros TOUS eos kaaxenóia ápevo àverijpv£av TO ji€V àvatpijaovri àp*yuptov TÓXavTOV TÓ O6 Covra Vupdcutis Góc. EmeÜev 8b kal roUs [IeA- Aavets,! «ws (o Topet. Kparepos év TÍj Xvvanyen?) TÓV Voéwpárov. v óc OUTOS ToXeiNórov 7aís, MjAt0$ 70 "févos, TÓv Xpóvov Ka TÀ Zupjeoviónv Ka Ilívónpov. oi 66 v0 Óv dyopás mepiomÓciv, cs '"AsroXXó60pos 0 Tapaévs, kTX.
Ibid. 4v. 1071
7jjóe pévroi O'juépa pua T em ava»yopeverau, jv àToOKTélvy TL(g Up Ov Auayópav róv Mytov
1 Wil: mss rovs ÉAXovs IleAorvovvgaíovs
! Ar. prob. intended this (8! &yopás) ; after the condemna- tion of Diagoras for disparaging the Mysteries Aia'yópas may
56
DIAGORAS Lirk
Aristophanes Frogs: XaNTuias to Droxvsus: Here we are, sir; the initiates he told us of are at their games hereabouts. They're singing the lacchus which they sing through the market-place.!
Scholiast o» the passage: Diagoras was an atheist lyrie poet who like Socrates introduced new deities. According to Aristarchus, Aristophanes does not introduce Diagoras here singing of the Gods, but uses the word *singing' ironically for *jeering at, *putting to scorn. So the poet is inciting the Athenians, who accordingly condemned Diagoras on the charge of blasphemy, and offered the reward of a talent to any who should put him to death, and two talents to any who should take him alive, calling upon the Pellanians to do one or the other. Compare Craterus in his Collection of the Decrees. This Diagoras was a Melian, the son of Teleclytus, and belongs to the time of Simonides and Pindar. According to other commentators, among them Apollodorus of Tarsus, the reading is à! dyopás * through the marketplace, etc.
The Same Birds: Cuonvs: On this day of all days there's proclamation made that whoever of you Athenians shall kill Diagoras the Melian, shall re-
have been substituted as a joke, if it was not a corruption due to the same cause
S?
LYRA GRAECA
/ / » ^ / , Aapu[8avew TáXavTov, jv T€ TÓV TUpávvov Tis TLVG. ^ / , , , , TÀV TeÜvnkórov arokTeivy TáXavrov Xagufdáveuwv. BovXouecÓ' ov vÜv dmewmeiv vaUTa Xx7Leis évÜ 4e: 7v àTokTeivy Tis vv OiXokpárm rov XpovÜLov ? / ^ N , , /, XqNrerau TáNMavrov: 3v 06 tov is áyáym, TÉéTTQpQ, KTM.
Schol. ad loc. Ataryópav TOV M 9Atov: obros nerà TÜv Xo Lv MjjXov QKEL Ev "A&rjvaus, Tà O€ LvoT)pia vUTÉALLeV cs TOXXoUS ékTpémeiv TÍs TeXeris. TobTo obv éxijpv£av «aT abro) ' AOmvalo kai év xa^ c T5)A9 €ypaxrav, os $9. MéXxavÉtos ev TQ llepgt Mvoo9piov.
Ar. Nub. 828
ET. Atvos BaciXebet TOv AU é£eNqAXakos.
QE. aiBoi, Tí Xgpeis ; XT. (o0. To00' obros &xov.
OE. Tís $9oi Ta07a; XT. Xoxpdrgs 0 My5juos.
Schol. ad loc. a. o M59Xos Tap la ropíav "A8nvatos Jyàp Ó Xokpárms: XX. ém& Auayópas, Mos &Gv, OtefBáXXero cs Üeouáxwos xai Tov Zoexpárqv 06 cos dOeov OuafáXXei, Oià ToÜTO Mijfuiov avTóv eimev. B'. Awyópas 0 Miyjos, 0s TÓ pev T poTepov "jv coc eBijs, mapakaraPjenv óé UTÓ ToS ámoa repBels € emi TÓ dcos eivai é£éópa- pev, é' o ol "A68nvator à áryavak ijo avres T)v M fjXov €K&kacav. ^y. Aua'yópas yéyové TUS BXáadnuos eis TO Üetov, Mos. . . . 4àXXot 0é aci. es oUTOS 0 Atayópas 6.Oác kaXos jv Zepárovs.
58
LIFE OF DIAGORAS
ceive a talent, and whoever shall kill one of the dead tyrants, a talent ; and we want to do the same here. Whoever shall kill Philocrates the Struthian shall receive a talent, and whoever shall bring him alive, four talents, etc.
Scholiast on the passage: Diagoras of Melos: This man after the capture of Melos came to live at Athens, and disparaged the Mysteries, with the result that many of the citizens were unwilling to be initiated. ^ Accordingly the Athenians, as we are told by Melanthius in his tract O» ihe Musteries, made this proclamation against him and inscribed it on a bronze tablet.
Aristophanes Clouds: STREPsiADES and Pukipir- PIDES : S. Vortex is king; he has turned out Zeus. —P. Bah! what nonsense '—S. You may take it it's true.—P. Who says so ?—S. Socrates of Melos.
Scholiasts on the passage : Of Melos :—Not literally, for Socrates was an Athenian. But because Diagoras, who was a Melian, was attacked for opposing the Gods, and Socrates is now attacked by the poet for atheism, Aristophanes calls Socrates a Melian. (2) Diagoras of Melos, who after a friend had betrayed his trust, turned atheist, which so enraged the Athenians that they maltreated Melos, (3) Diagoras was a blasphemer, of Melos (cf. 3 below). According to another account Diagoras was a teacher of Socrates,
59
LYRA GRAECA
Hesych. Mil 17 Aiayópav TOV TyXekXeibov ebova Beacánevos Anpókpvros ó 'AB8npirzs ovy- caTo abróv OoüXov Ovra pvpiav Ópaxpàv Kai uaÜnryv émoigcaro. 0 6e TÍ) Xvpuer) érréÜero. emeiMijen. óc dOeos, ÓTL OuóTeXvós TUS airia£eis UT avTOU cs 7 7raiáva Uo eXópevos Óv QUTOS émoizsev, éfouócaTo y) Kei od évat avróv, pa- Kpóv 6€ ÜcTepov ézrióe.£áuevos abTÓv einépnaev. évreüOev 0 Ata'yópas Avr 18eis &ypae TOUS "AT0- T vpylitovras Aóyovs, ékzrTOG LP €xyovras Tis Trepi TO Üetov Go£ys.
Suid. Aiuayópas: ToXekXeióov 7) TyXekMrov, M fuos, $rXón0dos kai dcpárov TOUyTÜS . . . TOLS Xpovots Ov nerd Ilívóapov Kai BakxvAióv, Mé- AavwmrT(6ov 66 mpecfTepos: Tuate roivvv om "OXvurLdOL.!
Diod. Sic. 13. 6 TOUTOYV Oé parropévav Auayó- pas 0 &XnÜeis aeos, ua B oXf)s TUXOV ém' àcefdeta «ai do8nÉcis TOV Óf)uov, &bvyev ék TÍjs "Avrucfjs oí 8 '"AÜnvaio: TO àveXóvrt Aiayópav ápryvpiov T4XavTOV mer)pv£av.
[Lys.] Andoc. l7 TocovTQ óc otros Aiavyópou ToU My (ov àceBéa repos yeyénrac: éxetvos pev yap Mo Trepi 7d àXXóTpLa lepà Ka éopràs 7c éBeit, oUros 06 Épryg "epi rà éy 71) avro TOXet,
1 two dates are criven by Eusebius: Ol. 78. 3 — 466 5.c. (cf. Bacch. p. 81) and O1. 7t. 3 — 482 r.c.
1 £375 1! cf, Suid. s. Ata'y. ó MfjAuos ? the date indi- cated is 415 B.c. * £200
60
LIFE OF DIAGORAS
Hesychius of Miletus On Famous Men: Diagoras son of Telecleides, when a slave, was observed by Democritus of Abdera to be a promising fellow, and, bought by him for ten thousand drachmas,! became his pupil. He devoted himself to lyric poetry. He was nicknamed the Atheist because, when a fellow- poet, whom he accused of taking a Paean he had written, swore that he had not stolen it and then won distinction by having it performed as his own, he wrote in his vexation the prose-work known as T'he Tomer of. Defence to mark his repudiation of his religious beliefs.
Suidas Lexicon: Diagoras :—Son of Telecleides or of Teleclytus, of Melos, philosopher and writer of songs . . .; he comes in point of time after Pindar and Bacchylides but before Melanippides, and flourished therefore in the 78th Olympiad (s.c. 468—465).?
Diodorus of Sicily Historical Library : While these events were taking place,? Diagoras nicknamed the Atheist fled from Attica under a false accusation of impiety and in fear of his life, and the Athenian
people put the price of a talent of silver* on his head.
[Lysias] Against Andocides: The impiety of the defendant is so far greater than that of Diagoras of Melos, in that Diagoras' offence was one of words, and was committed in respect of foreign rites and festivals, whereas the defendant's is of deeds, and committed in respect of the rites and festivals of his native city.
61
LYRA GRAECA
Cic. N.D. 3. 31 at nonnumquam bonos exitus habent boni. eos quidem arripimus attribuimusque sine ulla ratione dis immortalibus. at Diagoras, cum Samothraciam venisset, Atheos ille qui dicitur, atque ei quidam amicus * Tu, qui deos putas humana negli- gere, nonne animadvertis ex tot tabulis pictis quam multi votis vim tempestatis effugerint in portumque salvi pervenerint?' Ita fit, inquit; *illi enim nusquam picti sunt qui naufragia fecerunt in marique perierunt. idemque cum ei naviganti vectores, ad- versa tempestate timidi et perterriti, dicerent non iniuria sibi illud accidere qui illum in eandem navem recepissent, ostendit eis in eodem cursu multas alias laborantes quaesivitque num etiam in iis navibus Diagoram vehi crederent. sic enim se res habet, ut ad prosperam adversamque fortunam, qualis sis aut quemadmodum vixeris, nihil intersit.
Tat. adv. Graec. 91 Auayópas ' AÜqvatos ?)v, àXXà ToüTov é£opxnouevov rà map! ' AÓqvatows uvaraij- pia reruuopi)kare kal Tois ODpvylois avroU Aóyots évyrvyyávovres 7)4às uejua)kare.
Ael. V.H. 2. 22 e)voypeTarovs -*yevécÜat xai Mavrwéas ákoUo o)0év TjTTov MNokpüv ov06€ Kpnróv ov0€ Aakeóaiuoviov avrOv o00. AOgvaiov: ceuvóv áp 7L Xpíjua kai TO XóXwvos éwyévero, ei kai uer ra0Ta "AÜqgvator karà pukpà TOV vopov
! at the temple of the Cabeiri, protectors of mariners
* ef. Diog. L. 6. 59 62
LIFE OF DIAGORAS
Cicero On the Nature of the Gods: But it some- times will happen that good men make a good end. Such examples we take up eagerly and attribute them quite irrationally to the immortal Gods. Yet when at Samothrace! a friend once asked Diagoras the Atheist if a man like him, who believed that the Gods took no thought for the affairs of man, did not observe what numbers, to judge by the multi- tude of paintings dedicated, had escaped by their vows the violence of the weather and come safe to harbour, he replied, * T'he reason of it is that there are no paintings to record the poor fellows who made shipwreck and were drowned.'? In a storm at sea the same philosopher, in answer to his frightened fellow-passengers who were saying that it served them right for allowing him to travel aboard the same ship, pointed to the numerous other vessels labouring on the same course, and asked them whether they thought that Diagoras was aboard those as well as this, So true is it that what we are or how we behave ourselves has nothing to do with the colour of our fortune,
Tatian gait the Greeks: Diagoras was an Athenian, but when he made mock of the Mysteries at Athens you punished him, and when his P/rgygian Discourses came into your hands you forthwith hated us.
Aelian Historical. Miscellanies : I understand. that Mantinea was remarkable for the excellence of its constitution, which was not surpassed by that of Locri nor of Crete, nor even of Sparta— nor yet, I may add, of Athens; for the work of Solon was a noble achievement in spite of the gradual destruc-
63
LYRA GRAECA
Tivàs TOV éÉ avTo0 pabévrov avTois OLéQOeipav. Nuxoócpos 8€ o TÜKTQS É€v TOÍS eUOokj.cyTa Tos Mavzivéov yevóuevos, àkkà oNré Tfjs ?)kuk(as kai uera 71v àÜNncutw vouoÜérgs avTols éyévero, uakpá TOUTO ÜjueLvOV TrOMLTEevcágevos Tj TQaTp(OL TOV k)pvyuároev TOV €v Tois a Ta6lots. aci 06 avTÓ Auayópav TOv MsjAtov cwvÜcivau, TO0US vópovs épacT;v ryevópevov. eiyov 6é Ti kai vepavrépo vrép NuikoÓopov eimetvy: es Ó àv p3) 6okotuv kai Tür €TaivOov TÜÓv TOÜ Aiayópov TpocTapaXaufa- veww, és TocolüTOv OugvícÓo Tà TOÜ Xoónov. Üeots yàp éxÜpós Aiayópas, kai oU ov ijÓwov émi veto Tov ? ueuvijo0at avToU.
Ibid. fr. 33 à £Eevoóávew xai Muayópai kal "[qmroves xai ' Ezríeovpot, kai 7rás 0 Xorrós kará- Aoyos TOV kakoOautuovov T€ kai ÜOeots éxÜpàv, €ppere.
Suid. Arayópas 0 MyAtos: ézi TOv aÜéov kai àTicTov kai ace[9óv.
AIADTOPOT
MeAóàv 1, 2
Philod. . eic eg. p. 85 Gom. &vOpurrocibeis Y&p ékeivoi oU voul(ovsiv àAA' &épas kal myebuaTa «al aiÜépas. oT Eyw"ye kày Te8appnicios €: "roug ro rovs Auaryópov uGAAOV TXJppeAety ó uev y2p &raulev, eimep &pa kal ToUT. aUToU €g Tiv &àAA' ovk émevijvekrau kabámep €v Tois Mayriwéov "Eéecuw "Api TóEevós $neow, ev 5e Tj moie: 7j uóvp Dokóvom kaT' àXfjüeuuv im^ airoU "yeypáq0a: Tois
1 mss ebbokiuwTáToL(s 2 jv émi TAetov
64
DIAGORAS
tion of certain of his laws by his countrymen in after days. Nicodorus the boxer had already become the most famous citizen of Mantinea, when with advanc- ing years he left the ring and became his city's lawgiver, thus serving his country in far nobler fashion than by being proclaimed victor in the arena. His fellow-lawgiver is said to have been Diagoras of Melos, whose favourite he was. More might be said here of Nicodorus, but I refrain lest I should seem to plagiarise the encomium! of Diagoras, an abandoned wretch of whom I have no wish to make further mention.
The Same: You Xenophaneses, Diagorases, Hip- pons, Epicuruses, and the rest of that God-forsaken catalogue, I bid you all go hang !
Suidas Lexicon: Diagoras of Melos:—4A proverb used of the atheistic, unbelieving, or impious.
See also Plut. Superst. 13, Plac. Phil. 1. T. 1, Com. Not. 31, Ath. 13. 611 b, Aristid. 45. p. 101, Apostol. 6. 4, Sext. Emp. 3. 52, 218, Jos. contra Ap. 2. 266, Ael PH. 2. 91, H.A..6. 40.
DIAGORAS Lvnic PokeMs
1,2
Philodemus Oz Píeíty: Those philosophers do not believe in Gods of human shape, but in Airs and Breaths and Ethers, so that for my part I should not hesitate to say that their wickedness surpassed that of Diagoras. He, it seems, was not serious, unless indeed, as Aristoxenus makes out in The Customs of the Mantineans, this poem, too, is not his— the only extant poetry which can be certainly ascribed to
1 see below 65 VOL, III. F
LYRA GRAECA
ÜXois obBtv àceBts mapevéQmvev, àAA' ÉaTiv eUjmpuos is mounrij els 7b BDaiuóviov, kaÜdmep &àAXa Te uaprupei kal 7 *yeypauuévov
eis " Api&vOqv Tàv ' Apyetov :
O*ós, Óeós T po vravrós épyyov (Bporetov vog opév. vreprárav,
, es AP UN ^ | 5 E :] avToOa)s« Ó àperà fpaxvv otuov épmev
Kal TO
eis NikóÓopov Tov Mavruiwéa
hj , Kazà Oaíuova kai rvXyav Tà TávTG Dporoicuv ékreXetrau?
TÀ TapamAfjgia b" abTQ Tepiéxei kal T6 Mavrivéev "Eykdipuov.
3 Sch. Vat. Aristid. 2. 80. 15 Keil Herm. 55. 63 Ai«yópas
oUros duAÓócoQos jv. kAm0els Bé more eis éaTíagiv bj' érépov
e , ^ , [4 x QiAocó$ov, €Uovros ékelvov dakzv kal kard Twa xpeíav &Ecw ékeívov xcepfjmavros, Tzs QakTjs u3 TeAéws im0Tvat Bvvauévgs Di Tb u3j bmékkavpa €xeiw vb bmoke(uevov mUp abTÓs Te TepigTpadels &be kükeige kàl Tb ToU 'HpakAéovs &yaAua Tpoxeípws ebpiv kal cvvTpiiyas évínou TG mvpl ereiróy ém avTÓ-
«T p0s7 Óc0eka Toiciv dÜXots Tp.a kat8ékavov TOvO. éréXeoev 'HpakMfjs Gtos.
! this line only in Did. (mss éprme) ? éereAeiaÓai in Philod: Sext. Emp. reAeira:
1 cf. Didymus Alex. de Trin. 3. l. 784, Eust. 258. 26, Hesych. 6ebs 6eós * apparently imitated by Ar. 4v. 544 karà baíuova kal (xarà) cvvrvxíav ; cf. Sext. Emp. 9. 402
66
DIAGORAS
him contains nosingle word of impiety, but shows the proper reverence of a poet for things divine. I need quote only the poem
To AnraNTHES oF Ancos!
"Tis God, 'tis God who wieldeth his mind supreme ere every mortal deed is done; and short is the journey Prowess can go of herself ;
and the ode
To Nricoponvus or MaNTINEA
All mortal achievement is according to God and Fortune.?
Testimony no less strong will be found in his Zw/ogy of Mantinea.
33
Scholiast on Aristides : This Diagoras was a philosopher. Invited one day to dinner by another philosopher he was left alone with the boiling lentils while his host left the room, and finding that they could not boil because the fire lacked fuel, ran about in search of it, till espying near-by the statue of Heracles he broke it up and put it in the fire with the following words :
To his twelve labours Heracles the Divine has added a thirteenth.*
(* he began his poetry thus: ' All mortal, etc.") .? cf. Sch. Ar. ANab. 828 (p. 58 above), Clem. Al. Protr. 9. 24. 4, Epiphan. .4^cor. 103 (43. 204 Migne), Athenag. Presb. 4, Theosoph. Tubing. 70 (Buresch Klaros, p. 119), Gqomot. Vat. Wien. St. 10. 286, Sch. Ar. Nub. 830, Tz. Cil. 13. 375 * Wil. is prob. right in thinking the story and the citation apocryphal
67 r 2
LYRA GRAECA
KTAIOT
Inscr. ap. Jahn Griech. Dichter auf Vasenbildern taf. V:
Kvó(as : xatpe : kápra óikatos Níeapxos.
1
'* " E! , ^ Sch. Ar. JVub. 967 75 8t Tq«Aémopóv Ti Bóaua kal ToUTo
/ , , x er A er ? , , ; 3 LéAovs àpx?. acl 9e ui ebpiokeo2at üTOv ToT. égTiv: Év *yàp 5 H , ^ , e ^ , , ^ , &TrocTmücucri €v TT BiBAio0nkm eopeiv "ApigToQavrm. —XTives bé
^ , ^ S $aci KuBÍov! oU 'Epuuovéos xi8apq80U àró Twos rà» daudTov?
ToXéropov 7v 8óaua. Xpas
2
Plat. Charm. 155 d [m. Xapuí8ov]: . . . Tróre 91, à *yevváóa, elüóv 7e Tà Évros ToU iuaríov kal éóAeydóumv kol obkér! éy épavroU 7v kal €évópica cojóTaTov eivai Tbv KvDíav Tà épwrikd, 0s eimey éri kaAoU Aéysv maibós &AXc imoTiÜEucvos,
eüAaj/geÜ 66 p) karévavra, Xéovros ? veB8póv éX00vra 0avaToo1 0éa* noipav aipetoÜa, —«Ookéovra- ? kpedv.
^ , aUTbs *yáp uoi é8ókovv bmO ToU ToiÓvTOV Üpéuuomos éaAwkévaut.
1 Bernhardy: mss Kvóí0ov ? mss also K. viwbs 'E. only 3 mss evAaBeicÓai: p3j kA. (rightly) Aéovros àAk5? cf. Ath. 5. 187 d ff. * mss àfavaréo]: 0eía or omit 5 suppl. E
! among the speeches anciently ascribed to Lysias was one Against Nicarchus the Flute-player (Harp. s. 'Avrvyevíbas) ; Jahn thinks that the scene depicted is some kind of musical contest; perh. C. is the winner, N. the judge, and the rest
68
CYDIAS
CY DIAS
On a red-figured vase, among other figures of. whom one plays a double flute, stands listening a rather. bald- headed, bearded man mreathed mith vineleaves | and carrying a lyre, on one side of mhom is written Cydias and hail! and on the other Very just Nicarchus.!
1?
Seholiast on Aristophanes [see on Lamprocles above p. 41]: The words * A far-sounding cry ' are also the beginning of a song. lt is said to be of unknown authorship, Aristophanes of Byzantium having found it on a fragment in the Library. According to another account the words come from one of the songs of Cydias of Hermioné, the singer to the lyre, which begins thus,?
A far-sounding cry of a lyre
2
Plato Charmides [on the meeting of Socrates and Charmides]: Then indeed, my excellent friend, I saw what was under his cloak ; I took fire and was all abroad, realising how true an artist in all that concerns love we have in Cydias, who has said of a beautiful youth, putting it into the mouth of another :
Beware lest when fawn meets lion the sight kill him by the mere belief that he is to be seized for a portion of flesh.
For I really did believe that I was in the clutches of just such a creature.
a congratulatory x&àuos or revel ? ef. Suid. 7$Aémopov ? reading doubtful; some mss. have only *according to another account the author is a certain C. of H.; for Cydias the mss have Cydides, Cedeides (Kc8e(555s), for whom see next page
69
LYRA GRAECA 9
Plut. Fac. Orb. Lun. 19 ei 56 uf, Oéev uiv obros Tbv Míuvepuov émdEte: kal vcbv KuBíav xal rbv 'ApxíAoxov, mpbs 5c ToUrOis Tbv XZTq2cíXopov kal Tbv IlívDapov, év ais ékAelpesuv OAoÓvpouévovs ífüsTpov $avepémraTov kXemTÓuevov, kTAÀ.
Tep, KHAEIAOTT
C.1.4. 4. 1. 2. 391a. KXeuaÜévgs éyóprrye Avro- kpárovs "Epey050v Aiytór K0etóns é0i0aaxe.
Hesych. Km;óetógsi O8vpaufov «Toupr)s-.
Ar. Nub. 985 [AAIKOX AOTOX xoi AIKAIOX AOTLOZX] AA. àpxaidá ye kai AvmoXuío09 kai TerTiyav àvápeoTa kai Kyóe(0ov? xai Bovoovtov. AIT. &XN o)v raÜT écTiv ékeitva e£ àv ádv0pas MapaÜ0cvouáxovs 71) mraiGevaus
&pewev.
Sch. ad loc. K«óetóov:? Oi0vpáu8ev Trov]T5)s Távv àpyatos guégrvyraí 06 avTo0 KpaTrivos £v II avo ats.
Phot. Lex. Kmw0e(0ge? O8vpaufBomowr)s dp- xatos.
l1 mss Ky6eí8qs ? mss Kq«eíbov ? mss Kg8(09s
1 two of the three passages cited belong to Pindar Paean 9, the other to Mimnermus, Archilochus, or Stesichorus
19
CEDEIDES S
Plutarch 7e Face in the Moon [on solar eclipses]: Theon here will adduce in our favour Mimnermus, Cydias, and Archilochus, and Stesichorus and Pindar, lamenting at eclipses that 'the brightest star is stolen away,' etc.!
On CEDEIDES
An Attic Inscription of c. 415 B.c. Cleisthenes was choregus in a play called Te Self-Mixed for the Erechtheid and 4Aegeid Tribes; the chorus was trained by Cedeides.
Hesychius G/ossary: Cedeides:—A composer of dithyrambs.
Aristophanes Clouds: [RiGHT and wnoNaG ARGv- MENTsS]: W. Ah! old-fashioned notions smacking of the Dipolia? and choke-full of grasshoppers? and Cedeides and the Buphonia.—R. All the same these are the fodder, which y form of education bred good old Marathons on.
Scholiast on the passage : Cedeides:—a very old- fashioned writer of dithyrambs mentioned by Cratinus in the See-a//[s.
Photius Lexicon: Cedeides:—an old-fashioned dithyramb-writer.
(see vol. ii, p. 19) ? a démodé festival of which the Buphonia ('ox-slaying?) was a part 3 Athenians had formerly worn golden grasshoppers in their hair
71
IIPAZIAAHS Bíos Eus. 01.82. 2: Kpdáry9s 0 kopukós kai 'TeXéciXXa «ai IIpá£iXXa kai. KXeofBovMiva évyvopttovro.
Ath. 15. 694 a [zr. a oM): ai ITpdfiXXa Dy 7) Xucvovía &€Üavuátero émi T TÀÓV GckoMoev T'0L")G €L.
Tat. Or. Gr. 93. IIpá£iXXav uév yàp AvavmTOS éyaXkovpryna ev u8€v eiroboav 0.à TOV rov]uárov Xpouov.
IIPAEIAAHZ MEAQON A! TMNON
l ets 'AGowvw
Zen. 4. 91 ^HAi8iémepos ToU IIpa£(AAms 'Abdvibos: éml vv &vofjTwv. Ilp&tiAAa ZXucvmvía ueXomoibs éyévero, $s not THoAéuov: abr5 1; Ilpd£iAXa Tbv "Abwrviw éy rois "fuvois! eiadrye: époróuevov ó-0 TG&V káTw T káAAMigcTOV kaTaAUvTOy éXf)jAvÜev, ékeivov € Aéyovra oVTcws'
! mss also uéAecu
72
PRAXILLA
LirkE
Eusebius Chronicle: Second year of the 82nd Olympiad (451 s.c.), flourished Crates the comedy- writer, Telesilla, Praxilla, and Cleobulina.
Athenaeus Doctors at Dinner [on drinking-songs] : Praxilla of Sicyon, too, was admired for the drinking- songs she wrote.
Tatian 4gainst the Greeks: Praxila was portrayed in bronze by Lysippus, although she spoke nonsense in her poetry.
See also Suid. IIpaé(AAs, A.P. 9. 26 (vol. ii, p. 240), Mar. Vict. Gr. Lat. 6. 91, 129, Plot. 7b:;d. 538, Metr. Oxyrh. ap. Consbr. Heph. p. 405, Heph. 36.
THE POEMS OF PRAXILLA Book I HYMNS
] To Apowis!
Zenobius Proverbs: Sillier than Praxilla's Adonis :—This saying is used of fools. Praxilla of Sicyon, according to Polemon, was a lyric poetess. This Praxilla, in her Hymns, makes Adonis, when asked by the people in Hades what was Ee most beautiful thing he had left behind above, reply as ollows :
! gr to Cytherea? 13
LYRA GRAECA
bi KáXXLio'TOV pv €yà Xetrro dáos reMoto, / /, OeUTepov &oTpa $aewáà ceXqva(gs re m póa cov , N & z ^ 706 kai epaiovs cikvovs kal usjXa kai Oyxvas.t
€ /
ev70»s "yàp Tis lows ó Td $AÍe kal Tfj ceAfjvp Tovs cikbovs kal
^ ^ ^ : T&à Aojra cvvapiÜudv.
P' AIOTPAMBON 2. 'AxiXeis
Heph. 1l [m. ewvvekóevütcees] £aTi uévroi . . . kal mapà IIpatíAA; év Ai80vpáuBois év qi émvypaoouévg 'AxiXebs-
N N » N » &XXà T€0v ovzroTe Üvpóv évi a v1)0eoctv éreiDov
Sch. ad loc. évrab0m -yàp 43 Te kal ov cvAAaB» eis uíav Bpaxetav avviCavovTa.
r IIAPOINION 5
Ar. Vesp. 1939 7í( 9 órav Géwpos mpós mob» karakeluevos | dóp KAéwvos AaBóuevos Ts Oetuis, | 'ABufjTov Aóvyov, & "roipe, pa0Gv Tovs &yaÜovs $íAeu | ToóTe Tí Xébeis a kÓAtov ;
1 Schn: mss Uxvovs
1 of, Ath. 15. 395 c, Diogen. 5. 12, Suid. 7»u6:4 v, Apostol. 8. 53, Liban. Ep. 707 ? cf, Cram. 4.0. 4. 326. 20, Drac. Straton. 146, Bachm. .47. 2. 180. 17 (ére:0ev), Eust. 12. 25,
74
PRAXILLA
The fairest thing I leave is the sunlight, and fairest after that the shining stars and the face of the moon, aye and ripe cucumbers and apples and pears.
For none but a simpleton would put cucumbers and the like on a par with the sun and the moon.!
Book II DITHYRAMBS
22 ACHILLES
Hephaestion Handbook of Metre [on synizesis]: It is found moreover in Praxilla's Di£hyrambs in the song called AcAilles :
But they never persuaded the heart that is in thy breast.
Scholiast on the passage: Here the two syllables of Teóv *thy ' coalesce into a single short syllable.
Book III DRINKING-SONGS 33
Aristophanes JPasps: What will you do when Theorus reclining next you sings with his hand in Cleon's ! Learn the tale of Admetus, my friend, and seek acquaintance of the brave?^? how will you take that up ?
805. 21, 1372. 9, Sch. Dion. Thr. Gr. Gr. 3. 210 3 cf. Paus. ap. Eust. 326. 36 (who explains that 'the brave refers to Alcestis who died for her husband Admetus, and *the coward' to his father who refused to do so), Phot. (Reitz.) 32, Suid. 'A8uf ov uéXAos i ie, answer it with another quotation
75
LYRA GRAECA
Sch. ad loc. kal cobro àpx]| ckoAÍow éi2s bé éoTv. TGv OeiAQv krÀ. KkoAakikóv Tb ckÜAi0v kal mapà Geópov, ToUTO oí p.&v ^ AAkaíov oí 8€ ZamoUs: oUk €a Ti 0e, &AN' év Tots IIpaz(AAms $éperat IHapoivíois.
'AGuárov Xoyov, à "raipe, naÜ!v ToUs dryaovs
dixe! ^ ^ ei ^ , , TÀV ÓerXÀv O' áméxov ryvoUs Órt OeXois ? oNiya xps.
i
Ibid. TAesm. 529 7à»v mapowíav 9' émcuvà | rà)»v maAXaidv: $mb AÍ8g *yàp | mavr vov xph | uj 9á«n pfjyTwp 8peiv.
Sch. ad loc. ék r&v eis IIpá£iAAav àvajepouéyov Hapoiicy: *
"faro vravri MOc oopnov, à 'ratpe, dvXácceo.
5
Heph. 25 [m. BakrvAuov] | éaT( 8 riva kal. Aoyyaotbukà kaXo- , er , ^ ^ , , x p.eva. 8akruAika, &Gmep év utév vais üAXais xópaus OakTÜUAovS Exei TeAevraíov 8e rpoxaikv av(vylav. &csri 0€ abTGv érirmuórara TÓ Te mpbs Bvo BakríAo:is €xov Tpoxaüciy cv(v'ylav . . . kal qb mpbs rpicí, kaAoUuevov Ipat(AAetov:
*Q, Già Tv ÜvpíGev kaXóv éuBXémoia 0é N /, ^ hy » 8 /, 4 TrapÜéve ràv keoáXav và 0 €vepÜe vvuda. !1 mss ?'ABufjyov: ms Ath. adds aeégov ? so. Ath: mss Sch. Ar. and Eust. 8e àv 3 mss vapouudy 5 Vase à
61à js 8vpíBos (perh. rightly ; if so, read ras) and omits the rest: mss also xe$aAdv, but cf. Sch. Theocr. 3. 52
1 See Scolia pp. 556 and 568 ? cf, Scolion p. 570 below, Zen. 6. 20, Diogen. 8. 59, Suid., Hesych. s.v. — ? I add
76
PRAXILLA
Scholiasts on the passage: This too is the beginning of a drinking-song. What follows is * But from the coward,' etc. The song is of the flattering type, put into the mouth of 'Theorus. Some authorities ascribe it to Alcaeus, others to Sappho, both incorrectly ; for it is included in the Drínking- Songs of Praxilla.
Learn the tale of Admetus, my friend, and seek acquaintance of the brave; but from the coward hold thee aloof, since there's little gratitude in such as he.1
42
The Same Zhesmophoriazusae: l approve the old proverb; for sure it is well to look under every stone lest an orator bite you.
Scholiast on the passage: From the Drinking-Songs ascribed to Praxilla :
Under every stone, my friend, beware of a scorpion.
53 Hephaestion Zandbook of Metre [on the dactylic]: There are also dactylics called logaoedic, which have dactyls every- where but in the last place, where they have a trochaie dipody. The best known of them is the line which has two daetyls before this dipody, and the line which has three, called the Praxillean :*
O you that look so prettily at me through the window, a maiden in face but a wedded bride below.
here the unplaceable fragments; cf. Sch. ad loc., Trich. p. 380 Consbr., Vase-painting Jacobsthal Gótf. Vasen p. 59 * for another metre called Praxillean cf. Heph. 36 (Ionic a maj.); see also Serv. Gram. Lat. Keil p. 464
77
LYRA GRAECA
6
Ath. 13. 603 a Ilpà&AAa 9' $ Zikvevía imb Aiós $uqouw &pracÓTjvei. Tbv
XpcvrTrov
Y
Paus. 3.13. 0. IIga£íAAm uev 83; memoiuéva égrív, 6s Ebpdmrms ef kal Kdpveios, kal avrov àveOpéyaro ' ATÓAAcv kal AnTá.
Sch. Theocr. 5. 83 [z. Kapveíev] — IIp&£iAAa uev àró Kdpvov! $r1clv evoudcOai ToU Ais kal Ebpámas vioU, bs 7v épópuevos ToU "ATÓAAXGvos.
8
Hesych. Báxxov Aiévqgs . . . HpátiAAa 66 di Xukvovía Adpobüíras Taióa Tbv Oebv icTopei.
! mss also Kapveíov
PRAXILLA 6
Athenaeus Doctors at Dinner: According to Praxilla of Sicyon,
Chrysippus
was carried off by Zeus.
re Pausanias Description of Greece: According to a poem of
Praxilla, Carneius was a son of Europa, brought up by Apollo and Leto.
Scholiast on "Theocritus [on the Carneian Festival]: Praxilla declares that it takes its name from Carnus (or Carneius) a son of Zeus and Europa who was beloved by A pollo.
8
Hesychius Lexicon: Praxilla of Sicyon makes Dionysus the son of Aphrodite.
1 cf. Hesych. Kapve?os, Sch. Callim. A4po/l. 71, Sch. Theocr. 5. 88
Li
BAKXTAIAOT Bíos
Str. 10. 486. 6 Kécs 86 rerpamoYs uév vmüpte, AcizovraL 06 Ovo, 1j re "IovAis kai 7, KapÜaía, eis üs cvvenoMaOnzav ai Xovrai, ? pev Ionjecca eis TV Kap6aíav 7 66 Kopnoía eis TV "IovA£8a. ék 06 Tfjg lovA£8os 0 re Xuwovíàns 1, "v 0 peXorroLós Ka BakxvM8ns eX i6o0s €elvov, ical uerà Ta)T4 "EpaaíaTpaos Ó larpos Kai TÓV ek roD vepuymárov diXoa0Óov ' Apiarov . . . vapà ToÜD- TOUS Oé Ookei reÜfjval vore vópos, o? uéuvnrat kai
Méravópos*
kaXóv T0 Keiev vóptuóv éco i, Oavía: 0 ji) Ovváp.evos dud kaXd&s ov £7) kakós.
7 pocérarTe yáp, &s Coukev, 0 vopos TOUS UTép éEyjkovra € T1) yeyovóras koveiátea ac ToU OLapketv TOls ÀXXots T32)V Tpodjv.
Plut. Ex. 14 ai yàp vois zraXatots, cs &oukev, aí Mo)cat rà káXNuLoTa TÓV GcvvTayuáTOoV kai OokuuoTaTAa dvyyjv Xafl)ca, covepyov émeré- Xecav. | Govxvótógs ' AÜnvatos cvvéypawre Tov TóXeuov TOv lleXozovvgoiíoev xai 'A8qvaiev év Opdkn epi T)v £XkamTQv "YXgv Eevoóàv év XxuMMoüvr. Tí 'HAeaes . . . BakxvAiógs 0 700)T)s év lleXosovv5oo. .
Eus. OL 78. 3 Bacchylides et Diagoras atheus plurimo sermone celebrantur.
8o
BACCHYLIDES
Lirk
Strabo Geography: Ceos had originally four cities, but now has two, lülis and Carthaea, with which the others were combined, Poieéssa with Carthaea and Coresia with lülis. lülis was the birthplace of the lyric poet Simonides and of his nephew Bacchylides,! and later of the physician Erasistratus and the Peripatetic philosopher Ariston. There appears to have been a law here, mentioned by Menander in the lines * The Cean custom takes my fancy still; | The man who can't live well shall not live ill, whereby in order to make the supplies go round, all citizens who reached the age of sixty should drink the hemlock.?
Plutarch Ea?e: The ancients, too, it seems, wrote the finest and most famous of their works with the aid of Exile. Thucydides the Athenian composed his history of the war between the Peloponnese and Athens near Scapté Hylé in Thrace, Xenophon wrote at Scyllus in Elis . . ., the poet Bacchylides in the Peloponnese.
Eusebius Chronicle: Olympiad 78. 3 (s.c. 466): Flourished Bacchylides and Diagoras the atheist.?
1 Suid. BaxkxvA(ógs adds * on of Medon who was the son of
Bacehylides the athlete ? cf. Steph. Byz. 'IovA(s, Him. Or. 29 ? the floruit is also given under Ol. 82 (452) and 87 (432)
8r
VOL. III. G
LYRA GRAECA
Et. Mag. Meó)Xos obDreos éXéyero 0 map BakyvXi6ov kai yiíverat zrapà TÓ jei010, os Trapà TO $ei6 GOeiOvUXos.
Sch. Pind. OL. 2. 154 b. [coóós 0o voXAà eióos vd: | uaO0vres óc Xafpot | Tay Xocaía KOpaKes rS dkpavra. yapverov l. Autos T'pos ÜpviDa Oetov]: sa . aTOTElveTaL Oé 5 7pos TOv BakxvM8mv: y&yove yàp a)TQ AvTa'yOVLO T7)S TpÓTrOV Tivà kai eig Tà avra kaÜfkev. (by ilii, aivirrerat BakxvM8nv kai Xiueviogv, éavróv Xéyov derOóv, kópakas G6 TOUS AVTULTÉXVOUS.
Id. Nem. 3. 143 [67i 9 aierós ckUÜs év moTa- vois, | 0s &Aafev aia T5Xóo0e pueraguatópevos | Oadoivüv dypav Toc ív | k«paryéra, O6 koXotol TOTELVÀ vépovrat]: oí 6€ àvrirexvoi nov, Quot, &oXoLols &oíkaat, &pavyátovres uóvov kai raTeiwà VEJLOJLEVOL, OU óbvavrat 8e ó.aípea Óat eis ,UNros. ooxe( 6€ Taba Téívewv eis BakxvAMOnv. 7v yàp avTOis Kal b$opacts * 7'p0s &XMjMovs. "apa- B áXXei 66 éavróv uév àerQ, koXouQ 66 BakyvMOmv.
Id. Pyth. 2. 91 [éué 8é Xpeav | eye Odkos aOLvOv eauca^yopuv .. . atvérrerat 06 eis Bakxv- Aíómv: ác yàp avrov TQ 'lépow: Oiéovpev.
Ibid. 131 [xaXós Tot 7r(Ücev «vapà vratciv aie, |
kaXos? 0 86 "PaóáuavOvs, krX.] . . . rabüra 8€ évio, Teivety avrOv eig BakyvMÓOv: ebOokiufjaat yàp avTov mrapà lépovi . . . 0vvarat 06 kai obro
^ ec , N M ^ 5 voeicÜav 0 BakxyvA(ógs vapà mauci Ooket eivat codós, vrapà reXe(ois 66 ovkért.
82
LIFE OF BACCHYLIDES
Etymologicum Magnum : Meidylus : the name of the father of Bacchylides, and it is derived from «ài *to smile' as Pheidylus from $«ào *thrift.'
Scholiast on Pindar ['skilled is the man who knoweth much by nature; they that have but learnt—even as a pair of crows, gluttonous in their wordiness, these chatter vain things against the divine bird of Zeus']: (a) This is directed against Baechylides, who had in a way become a competitor in the same arena. (b) He is hinting at Baechy- lides and Simonides, calling himself an eagle and his rivals crows.
The Same ['the eagle is swift among winged things, and though he chase it from afar he quickly taketh his quarry all bloody in his claws; but the chattering daws have a lower pasturage ']: That is, my rivals in art resemble jackdaws, only shrieking and feeding at lower levels, and cannot rise to the heights. He appears to be directing this at Bacchylides, with whom he had a feud, and compares himself to an eagle and Bacchylides to a jackdaw.
The Same [*but I must shun the overmuch biting of slander']: He is hinting at Bacchylides, who was always traducing him to Hiero.
The Same [:* Pretty," say the children to an ape, f pretty thing," but Rhadamanthus, etc.']: (a) According to some authorities this is directed against Bacchylides, who was in high repute with Hiero, . . . (5) It may be intended thus : Bacchylides appears in the eyes of children a man of skill, but not in the eyes of grown men.
! mss $ópacis ? so E, afe: — àkobei *is called ' 83 G 2
LYRA GRAECA
Id. 166 [erá8nas | &é 7Lvos eXóó evo ! | mepuoaás évéra£av &A- | os óBvvapov éd TpócÓe xap6ía, | 7piv óca $povrió. puríovrat Tvxeiv|] .. . 5 ávadopà TM TpOS BakxvMónv. eDopirvics 8€ oUTOSs 7 Oávoia, O.Là TO Tapà TO 'lépowi Tà Ba«xvA£Gov 7pokptveaOat Towjpara.
, (Longin.] Sub. 33 Tí ó€ ; ; €v uéXeoL paXXov àv eivaL BakxvMns &Xoto 5j Ilívóapos, kai év 7pa- yota "Iov 0 Xtos 7) ») Aía XojokMijs ; em eió1) oí uev à&udmTOTO, kal €v TÓ Mab vpà vápTà &ekaXuypaduévot, o óé IívGapos kai 0 XoQo- KAíjs ÓTe puév oiov TávT& émióMéyovat T2 $opá, cBévvvvra, 8 dXóyos moXAdxis kal mrizTOVGLV 5 / " D 76 N ^ 5 ^ S. hj á- a&TvyégTaTa. 7j? ov0els àv eb dpovàv évós Op paTos Tob OiGímo00s eis ravTO cvrÜeis và "Ivovos TávT àvTwWTLUcavTO éEfs.
Ammon. Nnpeióes. TÓv ToD Nnpéos ÜvyyaTépov Oa épet. Aí&vpos Ojo Laos ev Trounjpat Bax- XvMóov "Emrwieov. $ci yàp KaTà Aé£ur Eici TOLvUV ot $act Ouadépeawv Tàs Npeitas TOV TOÜ Ny )pées Üv'yarépov, Kai Tüs j46V ÉK Acpíbos Myrmatas aUTOV Bvyarépas vouiítec0at, ràs O6 éE &XXcv 1j kotwóTepov Npeióas kaXetaÜat.
Porph. ad Hor. Carm. 1. 15. Hac ode Bacchylidem
imitatur; nam ut ille Cassandram facit vaticinari futura belli Troiani, ita hic Proteum.
! so E: mss éAkóuevoi (corrupted from €Akos below) * edd. 7j
! ]it. *for excessive measure ' ? Didymus apparently disagreed, but in any case this may be taken as evidence
84
LIFE OF BACCHYLIDES
The Same [*longing for more than they can get,! they do wound their own selves instead of obtaining their heart's desire']: The reference again is to Bacchylides. Thisis taken to be the meaning owing to Baechylides poems being preferred by Hiero.
[Longinus] On the Sublime: Again, take lyric verse; would you sooner be Bacchylides than Pindar? or take tragedy; would you sooner be Ion of Chios than the great Sophocles? Bacchy- lides and Ion may be faultless, may have attained to complete mastery of the polished style, whereas there are times when Pindar and Sophocles carry all before them like a conflagration, though they often flicker down quite unaccountably and come to an unhappy fall Yet surely no man in his senses would rate all the plays of Ion put together at so high a figure as the Oedipus.
Ammonius Jlords alike but different : The Nereids are not the same as the Daughters of Nereus. Compare Didymus in his Commentary on the V'ictory- Songs of Bacchylides, where he says in an explana- tion: *Some authorities declare that the Nereids are not the same as the Daughters of Nereus, the latter being his true daughters by Doris and the former receiving the more general name of Nereids because they came of other mothers.' ?
Porphyrio on an Ode of Horace [Pastor cum traheret]: In this ode he imitates Bacchylides, who makes Cassandra foretell the future events of the Trojan War as Horace here makes Nereus.?
that in 12 he read Daughters of. Nereus at l1. 1029 and Nereids atl. 38, though the latter is probably not what Bacchylides wrote and 12 is a dithyramb 3 cf. 16 below
8
LYRA GRAECA
Arg. Pind.: évvéa 06 oí Xvpukot- ' AXyuày ! AXkatos Xamóo XT59cíxopos l8vxos 'Avakpéov Xauoviógs BakxvA(89s kai Iiv6apos.
BAKXTAIAOT MEAON A! TMNON
1-4 Stob. F7. 192. 1 [v. vév0ovs]: Ba«xvA(3ov "Tuvcev: 3! 7 , e , ' Aiai TÉékos aperepov: ^ * ^ , , , L4 uettov 1) srevÜetv kakóv, àdÜéykroiuw iaov.
2 Sch. Ap. Rh. 3. 467 [m. 'E«&rzs]: BakxvA(9ns 9€ Nukrós $uauw abTT ÜÓvyaTépa: c , - , N Exdra 86aióoóope, NveTOs , , 1 uekavokóNmov Üvryarep
s Sch. Hes. Th. qpmác0a« 8€ Tv llepce$óvqv d$aclv oi utv ék XuceA(ias, BakxvAÍOns 8e éx Kpfyrqs. : 4 * Sch. Ar. Ach. 47 [KeAeós]: ToU 8€ KeAcoU uéuvgrai BakxvA(óns 01à TY "f'uvov.
1 Urs: mss ge'yaAok. 6.
! ef. A.P. quoted vol. i, pp. 3, 165 ? jn arranging the Books I follow the Alexandrine edition of Pindar, though
86
BACCHYLIDES
Introduction to Pindar : The Lyric Poets are nine in number, Aleman, Alcaeus, Sappho, Stesichorus, Ibyeus, Anacreon, Simonides, Bacchylides, and Pindari
See also Ael. P.H. 4. 15, who speaks of B. at the court of Hiero.
THE POEMS OF BACCHYLIDES Book I HYMNS?
1-4 [To DewrrEn]
Stobaeus .4n/Aology [on lamentation]: ^ Bacchylides Hymns:
Alas for my child! a woe is here that passeth lament, like to one that cannot be spoken.?
2 Scholiast on Apollonius of Rhodes A4rgona«utica [Hecate]: Bacchylides makes her the daughter of Night; compare:
O torch-bearing Hecate, daughter of dark-bosomed Night ?
s
Scholiast on Hesiod TAeogony : According to some accounts Persephoné was carried away from Sicily ; Bacchylides how- ever says it was from Crete.
i
Scholiast on Aristophanes [Celeüs king of Eleusis*]: Celeüs is mentioned by Bacechylides in the Zymns.
in the Great Papyrus of B. the DifÁyrambs probably follow the Victory-Songs 3 Demeter loquitur? 5 cf. Hom. H. Dem. 96
97
LYRA GRAECA
5
Men. Zh. Gr. Walz 9. 140 émiAéyoyTai (of &momeyTiKol) &robmuíaus 6e&v vouiCouévats. 1j "ywogévais:. oov " AgóAA vos &robnuía. Tiwes Óvouá(ovrai Tapà AmALow kal MiAmoío:s, kal "Apréui0os Tapà 'Apyeíois: eigl Toiívuv kal rg BakxvA(óm Üpuroi &roTeyrTikol.
6
Ath. 1l. ,900 a [7. gkóoov] ÜcTepoy oc KO T uiui eipyá- cavTo kepajiéovs T€ kal à àp'yvpoUs cCkUv$ovs. GV TpÓTO. uev éyévovro Kal kAéos ÉAaBov oi Boiórmi0t "yevÓuevoi, xpmcauévov karà Tàs cTpaTeéías mpóTrov 'HpaxAéovs Td 'yévev 8:0 kal 'HpakAewTikol TpÓs TiV&V kaAoUyTai. Éxovct uévroi pos rovs UAAovs Biajopáv: €reo Ti. *yàp émi r&v üTwv abTois Ó Xeyyóuevos 'HpdkAetos beagós. uynuovebe: 8€ Ty Boiwriev! okó$ev BakxvA(bms év cojrois Toi0buevos Tbv Aóyoy Tpbs ToUs AiockÓpovs, kaAQv abrovs él E£évia-
O? Bodov TápeaTL. cogar ovre ypvaos,
oUTe mopbipeot TámT)TEs,
àXXà Üvuós ebjevr)s
Moicdá T€ yXvkeia kai Boteriotctv
, ,
€v Go kU$oLctv oivos 7)6Us. Biveykav 0e uerà rovs Bowríovs oí 'Pobiakoi Aeyóuevo: Aapokpá- Tovs Ünuiovpyfjcavros: Tpírot 9" eiglv oí Zvpakóator.
BR' IIAIANON
T Stob. F7. [v. eipvns]: BaxxvA(8ov Haidvwv: TixTe, 0é re ÜvaToiow Eipyjva ueyáXa cGTp. T'XoÜTOV ueMwryXoo ocv T ? àoi6üv ávOea,
! mss Beiwrikav ? Boeckh ; mss xal ge^.
88
BACCHYLIDES 51
Menander On Declamations : Odes of Farewell are addressed to Gods on their departure, supposed or real,? to visit some other haunt. For instance, the Delians and Milesians have wbat they call Departures of Apollo, and the Argives of Artemis, and there are Farewell Odes of this kind in Bacehylides.
6
Athenaeus Docíors at Dinner [on drinking-cups]: Later they were made of earthenware and silver on the pattern of the wooden ones. The first of these to be made, or to become famous, were the Boeotian cups as they are called, having been first used by Heracles on his warlike expeditions; hence their alternative name with some people, Heracleotic, though indeed these differ from the others in having on their handles what is known as the chain of Heracles. The Boeotian type is mentioned by Bacchylides where he addresses the Dioscuri, summoning them to a holy feast : ?
No carcase of beef is here, nor gold, nor purple carpets, but a kindly spirit, a sweet Muse, and delicious wine in Boeotian cups.
Next in repute to these came the Rhodian, made by Damocrates, and third the Syracusan.
Book II
PAEANS
T Stobaeus A4n£hology [on Peace]: Bacchylides Paeanms :
Moreover great Peace bringeth forth for men wealth and the flowers of honey-tongued songs, and
l! cf. Ibid. 132 * in effigy 3 for 6eotévia to the Dioscuri cf, Ath. 137 e
89
LYRA GRAECA
y 3. v9 UR ^ 6aiGaXéov T. éri Boy ov Oeoiciv alea at Piaf £av0àa. xoi Lfjpa. ravirpLyeov ! T€ Lov yvpvactov T€ VÉots a)Xàv T€ kai Koj.oV uéAetv. » N / , pn^ &v 66 ci6apoOérois móprra£iw aiÜüv àpüxvdov ? (a TOL TTéXovTaL,? dvT. éyxeá re »Manpyemà Eied T üápóakéa OÓdápvaT áei-vaos ^ eüpos XaMkcüv 0. ovk &a TL c aXmÜyyov kTUTOS, ov66 cvAüTaL ueMipov [4 , bi , aig amo BXebápov, »^ ^ / , ados? Óg 0áxT e «éap. cuum oiov Ó ,eparóv Bpí8ovr' a^yvtat vrat&etot 9 0 Duvoi dXéyovras.
8 Clem. Al. Sfr. 5. 687 er , e , N , , , érepos éf érépov oodo0s« TÓ T€ TdXa4 TO T€ vüv: , N b e^ , / , , /, 0766 yàp pao rov àppyyrev éméov mÜXas é£evpetv, $701 BakxvAÍOns év rois IIoiacuv.
9 Zen. Paroem. Gr. l1. 42
"Apkrov Trapovans vxv ua?) Ciyrev
ér| rày DeiA|y kvvmyüy elpnrai 3j mapoiwla: uéuvqgra: 5$ abris BakxvA(8ns év Tlaiàguv.
1 Butt.-Dind : mss unpbrav, umpirav, and ebrp. ? E,or àpaxvaiarv, cf. A.P. 9. 233? or &paxvíev, cf. Sa. Oz. Pap. 1787. 149, 15 veBpíowiw, Arist. H.A. 5. 27. 1 (reading ai02v)? mss &paxvav 3 Urs. mAékovrai perh. vightly * E: an epith. —vo. as suggested would prob. be unmetrical: mss St.
9o
BACCHYLIDES
for Gods the yellow flame of the burning of the thighs of oxen and fleecy sheep upon fine-wrought altars, and for the young a desire for disport of body ! and for flute and festal dance. Meanwhile in the iron-bound shield-thong hang the warps of the brown spider, headed spear and two-edgéd sword are whelmed in an ever-spreading rust, and the noise of the brazen trumpet is not; nor is reft from our eyelids that honey-hearted sleep which soothes the spirit towards dawn.? The streets are abloom with delightful feasting and the hymns of children go up like a flame.
83 Clement of Alexandria AMiscellanies : Now as of yore one getteth skill of another; for 'tis not so very easy to find the gate of words unsaid before ;
as Dacchylides says in the Paeans.
9
Zenobius Proverbs :
Seek not the tracks of a present bear. This proverb is used of cowardly hunters, and is referred to by Bacchylides in the Paeans.
! the Greek is ' gymnasties ' ? sleep towards dawn was the sweetest, Pind. P. 9. ?3 ? ef. Theodoret 7er. 1. 14. 36
Bduvarai without ebp., Plut. evp. 8áu. €yxed Te Aoyxwrà E. T &yu. 5 Bl: mss áyos or áuos $ E, or maí9:0( ? cf. Pind. Js. 2. 8: mss -i«oí
9I
LYRA GRAECA
p
AIOTPAMBON 10-15 British Musewm Pagyrus 133 :! 10 (xiv) "Avrqvop(8a ?) 7? EXévgs ámaítrqgous ? e7p.a' [ Avr:j]vopos àvriOéov ? [yvvà ko]paka'ris * " ABávas vrpoaroXos [Kicanis dyvá]s IHaXXá80s 0pcuudxov [0vpas dvoi£e ? x ]pvoéas 5 [avríka Nroóéovot]v " Apyyetov 'OGvccet [Aapr.áóa MeveX]áo T' '"Avpeióg BacuXet [àryyéXots. Govots Ba8v]Eevos Ocavo
d»pu D. 12 - . ]ov [L . - --. 27. ..-p pus EE 3 viia é]üxripévav (19 lines mutilated or missing) 30(. . . . . ov yàp vrokXorrov dope
Bporoict óováevra Xóryov aoóía)e (D lines missing) áryov, Ta1)p 0. eUBovXos Tjpes v ávra cápatvev Ipu&uo BacvXet raíeeact re uü00v '" Axatóv. 40 éyÜa kápvkes Ov. ev-
1 cf, C. R. 1993. 148; I omit brackets where restorations are reasonably certain; a dot beneath a letter indicates that it is a possible reading of the traces ? for title cf. C. E. 1922, 160 ? ]l. I-7 restored by Kenyon (1), Nairn (6), the rest Blass-Jebb—-Z (from the Pap.) * hardly ]Aa * P prob. avoi£ev $ Hill from Clem. Al. Paed. 3. 310 where mss have Bporoia: $. Aóyov are Aóvyos aodía
92
BACCHYLIDES
Boox III DITHYRAMBS
10-15 From a papyrus of the last century P.c.! 10 (xiv)
Tug Sous or ANTENOoR or Tuke DewaNpiNG Back or HELEN
The raven-eyed wife of the godlike Antenor,? deep-girdled Theano, daughter of Cisses, priestess of Athena; opened forthwith the golden doors of pure Pallas that rouseth to battle, to the knocking of the twin messengers of the Argives,* Odysseus Laertiad and king Menelaüssonof Atreus . . . . .. addressed . . .. .. [to] well-builE [Troy] . . . . .
(19 imes mutilated or missing)
(For there is nothing furtive in the voiceful utterance which skill doth bring us)?
(5 lines missing)
. . . [the sons of Antenor] led [the messengers to the marketplace], while the wise hero their father declared all the message of the Achaeans unto King Priam and his children. "Whereupon heralds went
! Kenyon; Grenfell and Hunt say 1st or 2nd century A.D. * the Greek has a play upon words (àvr. . . . àvz.) as in 34 init.,but why *raven-eyed' is not clear ? at Troy *an embassy from the Greek camp at Tenedos demanding the return of Helen on pain of war ^ ? position here not certain, but it may be one of the short moralising sentences which serve to paragraph the narrative: somewhere hereabouts probably came Bacchylides' ref, to Theano's fifty children (here members of the chorus ?), mentioned by the Scholiast on Il. 24. 496
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BACCHYLIDES
speeding through the wide city for to gather the companies of the Trojans into the market, even to the place of mustering. And their loud summons ran everywhere about, and men put up their hands and besought the immortal Gods to give them stay of their troubles.
O Muse, who was it began the righteous plea? "Twas Pleisthenid Menelaüs, and he spake in suasive accents learnt of the fair-xrobed Graces: * Ye warriors of Troy, 'tis not through act of high-ruling Zeus who seeth all things, that great woe cometh to man; rather may every man attain, if he will, unto unerring Justice that goeth servant of Orderliness the pure and Right the wise ; and happy they whose children give her a home. But unabashed Presumptuousness,! who thriveth on shifty gains and lawless follies, and bestoweth so swiftly on a man wealth and power that be not his, only to send him anon to deep ruin, she it was who destroyed those overweening sons of Earth, the Giants."
! like that of Paris in stealing Helen when he was the guest of Menelaüs
1 P ápx. A. * 50—50 cf. Clem. Al. Str. 5. 731 where 54
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LYRA GRAECA
11 (xv) ['HpacXfs]
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1 ]-8 restored by Kenyon (4), Sandys (2), Palmer (7), E in l. 1 P perh. had ovriow& corr. to ovreou', but only ov is certain ? E, infin. cf. 18 and 37. 1-29 3 Meiser Myth. Unters. zu Bacch. Munich 1904 ZrpóuBo as old name of Hebrus
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BACCHYLIDES
1l (xv) [Hrnacrzs]
I must not sing thy praises now, albeit! throned Urania hath sent me from Pieria a golden galleon laden with famous hymns, if truly thou rejoicest beside the flowery Hebrus in the chase, or takest mayhap thy pleasure of the sweet long-necked voice of the swan.? So ere thou comest, O Pythian Apollo, to seek the Paean-blossoms which the Delphian dancers are wont to chant thee by thy glorious temple, we tell how the adventurous bold son of Amphitryon? quitted flaming Oechalia,* and came to the wave-washed shore where he was to offer of his spoil nine bellowing bulls unto wide- clouded Zeus Cenaean,? and two of the same unto Him that rouseth sea and subdueth land, and a high- horned ox untouched of the yoke to virgin Athena so fierce of eye. Then it was that a God irresistible ?
1]it *when'; Ze.'lI must not take this opportunity granted me by Urania of Ru IE a hymn to Zfpollo, for he is (supposed to be) absent now' ; À. was supposed to be absent from Delphi during the three winter month 8, when dithy- rambs took the place of paeans in his worship (Plut. de E 9); they might have been sung shortly before the beginning of spring ; "ef. Ale. lec he returned i the 7th Anthesterion (Feb.—March) 2 cf. Callim. Z7. 2 3 Heracles 1 in Euboea ; the home of Iolé, sacked € H. . 5 worshipped on or near the promontory of Cenaeum the N.W. end of Euboea 5 Poseidon ? Destiny
5 P.era 5 P perh. -os: : 5c. àyiAAeat $ repeated mpí7? ? infin.
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BACCHYLIDES
wove a shrewd-sorrowful device for Deianeira, when she learnt the woeful news that the fray-undaunted son of Zeus was sending white-armed Iolé to his shining house for to become his bride. Alas, poor miserable, and again alas! that she should make such a plot as that. Her ruin was wide-mighted Jealousy and the murky veil that hid the future, the day she received from Nessus upon Lycormas' rose- clad marge ! that marvellous gift divine.?
12 (xvi) Tukge YouNc MEN aNp MaipNs or TutEsEvs
Lo a blue-prowed ship clave the Cretan main with Theseus staunch-i'the din aboard and twice seven splendid youths and maids? of race lonian, for northern breezes fell on her far-gleaming canvas by grace of Athena of the warring aegis. And Minos' heart was pricked by the fell gifts of the love-crowned Dame of Cyprus, till he could no more hold off his hand from a maid but touched her fair white cheeks. "Then loud cried Eriboea upon the brazen-cuisséd seed of Pandion,* and Theseus saw,
! of Euenus, a river of Aetolia ? the poisoned shirt with which she killed Heracles 3 ef, Serv. Aen. 6. 21 (Bacchylides in. Dithyrambis) ; these young Athenians were the periodie tribute (the period varies in the different accounts from one year to nine), paid to the Minotaur at Cnosus * father of Aegeus reputed father of Theseus
! P inserts (gloss) roraug 5 P uivo
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BACCH YLIDES
and his eye rolled dark 'neath his brows, and a crucl pang pieced to his heart, and * Son of peerless Zeus ' quoth he, *now guidest thou no righteous spirit in thy breast. Stay I pray thee, hero, thy presumptuous violence. Whate'er resistless Fate hath decreed us from on high and the scale of Right inclineth to, we shall fulfil our destiny, I doubt not, when it comes; prithee restrain thy grievous intent meanwhile. True it may be that thou art the peerless offspring of the bed Zeus shared beneath Ida's brow with Phoenix" modest maiden so fair of fame;! yet I also come of the wedding of rich Pittheus' daughter? unto Posei- don of the sea, when the violet-crowned daughters of Nereus gave hera veil of gold. Therefore I bid thee, O war-lord of Cnosus, restrain a presumptuous- ness that would bring much woe ; for I would not my eyes should look on the sweet light of the immortal Dawn after thou hadst done despite to any of this youthful band. $Sooner will I show the strength of my arms beside yours, and God shall decide the rest.
So spake the spear-valiant hero, and the ship's crew
! Europa ? Aethra, daughter of the king of Troezen, afterwards wife of Aegeus
! Housman transposes uvyeica (31) and sAa0€20a (35) ? E despite Didymus ap. Ammon. 79 (— Bgk. fr. 10): P káAvuja Napnibes: for persistence of unmetrical readings cf. the extra k&Aov at Pind. OJ. 2. 29 3 P auBgpóroc 1 Headl. ér' ei 5 hence to l. 78 and for !l. 91-2 we have Ox. Pap. 1091
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BACCH YLIDES
marvelled at the exceeding courage of the man; and the heart of the Sun-God's daughter's spouse! grew wroth, and a strange new plot he wove, and said * Give ear, mighty Father of mine! If indeed I am thy child of Phoenix' white-armed daughter, I prithee send now forth of heaven a swift fire-tressed levin-bolt for a sign all may know ; and thou, if for thy part thou comest of Troezenian Aethra by Earth-Shaker Poseidon, go fling thyself without demur into thy father's house and fetch this bright golden ornament of my hand.? So shalt thou know if the Son of Cronus that is lord of the thunder and ruleth all, heareth the prayer I make him.
Heard the prayer was and approved by mighty Zeus, and, willing to do his dear son an honour plain to all, he made him a surpassing sign and lightened. And when he saw the welcome portent, the war-stedfast hero stretched his arms to the loud sky, and * Here, Theseus, quoth he, *seest thou plain the gifts Zeus giveth unto me; come then thou, and spring into the roaring main, and thy father Lord Poseidon son
! Minos, whose wife Pasiphaé was daughter of the Sun . * à ring
1 P mzavre[v ge8e] [ev] ? E despite Alem. Parth. 87 (cf. 72): P me uívo (gloss) 3 O.P. mavrapkea i mss Xteipas TeTaoce 5 Platt: P ra3e O. P. ra3e[ $ OQ. P. opvva? oec[ with second o deleted: for ?vpvv(o) cf. I7. 24. 63 8aívvo
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1 Theophrastus H.P. 6. 6. 9 identifies this flower with what he calls the narcissus; in any case, for us it would
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BACCHYLIDES
of Cronus will assure thee glory supreme upon all the wooded earth? He ended, and the other's spirit bent not back, but he took his stand upon the firm poop and leapt, and the precinet of the deep received him right kindly. And the heart of the son of Zeus was amazed within him, and he bade them keep the cunningly-wrought ship before the wind. But Destiny struck out another path.
The bark sped on amain, urged from astern by the North-Wind's breath, and all the tribe of Athenian youth were affrighted when the hero leapt into the sea, and shed tears from their lily eyes! to think of the woeful hap that needs must be. Meanwhile that sea-people the dolphins bore great Theseus full swiftly to the abode of his father the Lord of steeds;? and he came into the hall of the Gods. There beheld he with awe Nereus famous Daughters, whose splendid limbs shed a brightness as of fire and
only have a Latin name; I therefore give the traditional translation (cf. * Lent.lily? — wild daffodil); but we may compare the Pheasant-eye Narcissus of our gardens, a native of the Mediterranean region, which is sometimes called the Narcissus of the Poets; the translation is justified as an adjective by its use by English writers from Spenser to Tennyson; if the Pheasant-eye is intended here, the pupil of the human eye is meant to correspond to the coloured centre, and the wAite to the white petals; the word is given its original use as an adjective, cf. Pind. JN. 7. 79 Aeípiov ü&vOeuov ; Aeipós (Hesych. ó ie xvós xol oxpós, *thin and pale,") and Ae:poó8aAuós (Suid. ó mpoomveis Éx«v mobs 0$0aAuobs, *with gentle eyes") may or may not be connected ; perhaps also Ampo( (Hesych. và mepl mois *yvvauketows xiràci, *the gold piping of women's smocks?") ; Boisaeq favours the view that Aetpioy is borrowed from Egyptian, comparing the Coptic gno: — flower; the meaning is 'bright young eyes, cf. Shakespeare's *young-eyed cherubins? * Poseidon's palace in the depths of the sea
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BACCH YLIDES
ribbons gold-braided went round about their hair, there, where lissom feet rejoiced their heart with a dance; aye, and he beheld in that delightful house his father's stately wife so dear, the great-eyed Amphitrité, who put about him a fine purple robe, and on his thick hair the perfect anadem which she had at her marriage of the sly rose-crowned Aphrodite.
Nothing Gods may do is past belief to men of sound wit. Beside the slender-sternéd ship lo he appeared. Ah the thoughts wherewith he gave check to the Cnosian captain, when he came dry from the deep a marvel to all with the gifts? of a God? shining upon him, when the bright-thronéd Maidens * shrieked with a new-made mirth and the sea cried out, when the sweet voices of young men and maidens near by raised a paean of thanksgiving!
O Lord of Delos, be thy heart made glad with the Cean dances, and a God-sped hap of blessings come hither from thee !
! the epithet *rose-crowned' softens the unpleasant effect of 'sly,' ef. á3eig and 8oXixabxevi of the swan's voice 11. 6-7 ? including the ring? 3 in the Gk. * Gods, but it is prob. a 'generalising plural' * the Nereids 5 "Theseus, returning from Crete, touched at Delos
then àé lost by haplogr. ; then zarpós and &Aoxor inverted by a syllable-counter) ; for inversion cf. 10. 47, 12. 72, and J p. 117 3 Headl.—Z, cf. Sa. 61, Z/. 16. 9: P aiova mopovpeav' 5 E, cf. épéQw : P epeuvov, but if the wreath was 'dark' with roses they must have been real ones ; if so, they would have withered long before 5 Rich: P 6éAwauw Sap ec Xao ev ? J $pévas
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13 (xvii) Goes
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BACCHYLIDES
13 (xvii) TuEsEvus !
King of holy Athens, lord of the soft-living lonians, what new thing means the war-song that cries from the brazen-belled clarion? Doth a captain of enemies beset? the bounds of our land? or thieves of ill intent drive our herds of sheep perforce in their keepers despite ? or what is it pricks thy heart? Prithee speak; for thou, me- thinks, if any man, hast aid of valiant youths to thy hand, O son of Pandion and Creüsa.—
A messenger is but now come running, by way of the long road of Isthmus, with news of the deeds ineffable of a mighty man,? who hath slain the huge Sinis that o'erpassed the world in strength, child of the Earth-shaker Lytaean,* the son of Cronus, and hath laid low the man-slaying sow in the woods of Cremmyon, aye, and the wicked Sciron,? and hath ended the wrestling-place of Cercyon,9 and Poly-
1 'The speakers are the leader of à chorus and Aegeus; the dithyramb was prob. performed at Athens 5. ot. Frag. Adesp. 127.6 Nauck 3 the young Theseus, son by Poseidon of Aegeus' queen Aethra * Poseidon was said to be so called because he * freed ' (A?e) the Peneius by cleaving the vale of Tempe through the mountains, cf. Steph. Byz. Avraíl ; Sinis rent his victims in twain by tying either arm to the top of one of two bent firs which he then allowed to spring up and apart * à robber who lived on the coast- road between Corinth and Megara and threw his victims down the *Scironian Rocks ' into the sea $ à place on the road from Megara to Eleusis was still called the * wrestling- place of Cercyon' in the time of Pausanias, 1. 39. 3
! cf. Hermog. Jh. Gr. Walz 5. 493, 7. 982 IO9
LYRA GRAECA
a óbpav e£ BaXev IIpoxór- TOS, apelovos TUXOV 30 $orós. Tra0ra 6é00Lx ÓTra TeXeira4. cTp.yy Tiva 9 éuev vroev .dvBpa TOUTOV Aéyeu Tiva, T€ a T0Xàv Éxovra ; ToóTepa, a vv TroXepmious Ó- TrXotct a TpatÀy áryovTa TTONMAv ; 35 7) noÜüvov caXv oT áocuv ! aTélXYeiw éumopov ot. àXárav ér. àXXoGagíav, [C XVpoVv T€ Kai dXktjuov &6e kai Ópaa vv, 0s Tocovrov? 40 àvÓpOv kpaepóv a Ü£vos ég xev ; 7) 0eós avTOv 0pud ólkas dOLKOLGLV óopa pajo eraa- oU ryàp ba&uov aiev ép- óovra Hu vTVXelv ka« à. 45 TüvT €V TQ 00x Xxpóve TeXe(TaL. aTp.O | Avo oi $óre JLOVOUS ápapr ety Aévyei, Trepi QatóLuoict Ó. duos Eos éyew [éXeQavrókomov];? Eco roUs 06 Ov év xépeco' áxovras, 50 «n)üTvkTOV kvvéav Aákat- vay «paTós Tepi^ Tvpaoxairov, a Tépvors TE Tropópeov xuvrÀv ? dui, kai oUXLov OcccaXàv yXapi0* Ouudrcv O6 55 c TiXBew áàvo Aagviov $oíviccav iXóya: maióa 9 &upuev v po09Bov, àpgtev 6 à0vpuárov ueuvácÓOat roXéuov ve kai XaXxeokTUTOV jud Xx as* 60 6i£moOa. 66 duXaryXáovs ' AOávas. IIO
BACCHYLIDES
pemon's strong hammer is dropt from the hand of a Maimer! who hath found his match. I fear me how this all shall end.—
Who and whence saith he that this man is, and what his equipage? Comes he with a great host under arms, or travelleth alone with his servants like a merchant? that wanders abroad, this man so mighty, stout, and valiant, who hath stayed the great strength of so many? Sure a God must speed him for to bring the unjust to justice, for it is no light task to come off ever free of ill. All things end in the long run of time.—
Two alone, he saith, are with him, and there is slung to his bright shoulders a sword of ivory haft, and either hand hath a polished javelin; a well- wrought Spartan bonnet is about his ruddy locks, and a purple shirt around his breast, with a cloak of the frieze of Thessaly ; and as for his eyes, there goes a red flash from them as of Lemnian flame ;? a lad is he first come to manhood, bent on the pastimes of Ares, war and the battle-din of bronze ; and his quest is unto splendour-loving Athens.
1 generally called Procrustes; he used to force travellers between Athens and Eleusis into à bed which he cut or stretched their limbs to fit ? or wayfarer ? there was a volcano in Lemnos
! Goligher: P omAoigtv, cf. Eur. Hec. 1148 ? Platt: P os TOvTGV : TO.00Tcv would givethe meaning * the mighty strength of so sírong men"? 3 Desrousseaux, from Ov. Met. 7. 41: there is no gap in P * Bl: P prep 5 Platt: P x«reva T. | eTepvois Tau
LLL
LYRA GRAECA
14 (xviii) 'Io " AUnvaíots
cTp. llápeort pvpía kéXevÜOos
10
15
5 / , au pociev ueXéov, e ^ N / , 0s àv vrapà IlIwptóov Xá- x10: 90pa Movoáv, io Xéoapot ve kal
/ ro;
Qepeo réDavo, Xaprvres BáXecw dud r.p àv buvoiciv' Üatwé vvv év TQÍs T'ONVTDÁTOLS TL KQLAVOV oXftaus ' AOdvaus,
3 xy 26 , evaivere Kota uépuwa. T pémeL a € oeprarav tuev 060v vapà KaXXiómas Xa- xoicav é£oxov ryépas.
* 2 » 00" e ^ 5»ev * Apryos 00" Vr0v Avrobca Qebrye ypvaéa f9o0s evpvaÜevéos ópaOatct Deprávov Aus, lváxov poboBáiTuXos K Op,
1
àyT. OT "Apyov à ópact BXém ovra
20
2b
mrávroUev à GG. TOLS
neyuo Toávag a a, kéXevae xpvcorerXos "Hpa ükovrOV dÜTVOV CQV-
T& KaXXuképav Ódua uv óvXdáccev, ov66 Matas vLOS OóvvaT obre KQT. €U- $eyyéas apépas XaOetv vu ovT€ vókTas ayv[ds.p
BACCHYLIDES
14 (xviii) Io Fon THE ÁTHENIANS
There's full many a path of immortal verse for him that is dowered of the Pierian Muses, and hath his songs clothed in honour by those violet eyed bringers of the wreath, the Graces. So weave, I pray thee, for delightful blessed Athens a passing fine strain, thou Cean fantasy that hast won such fame. Dowered as art thou of Calliopé so ex- ceeding well, the path thou choosest should indeed be noble.
Once on a day the counsels of wide-mighted noble Zeus sent a-fleeing from Argos that land of steeds the golden heifer that was the rose-fingered daughter of Inachus;? when gold-robed Hera, Lady most high, had bidden that Argus who looked all ways with tireless eyes to keep ward sleepless and unresting on the fair-horned maid, and the Son of Maia? could not elude him either by radiant day or pure and holy night. Whether it came to pass that the fleet-
! ref. to the poet's uncle Simonides? ? river-god and king of Arcadia ? Hermes, sent by Zeus to slay Argus
1 P corr. to kAewóv ? Headl: P zi: »v (a syllable-count- ing emendation of jv, corruption of $ev): for ví 4v * what happened, when . . and when [19] . . .' (comma at $vAdacev 25 and interrogation-mark at &yvds 28) cf. Plat. PAaedo 58a : but antistr. has a trochee 3 ]l. 28-51 restored by Jebb (28-32, 35, 36, 38, 41, 43, 45-50), E (33), Kenyon (34, 39), Blass (40, 44), Blass-Jebb (42), Wilamowitz (51)
II3 VOL. IIl. 1
II4
LYRA GRAECA
| E ^ 1 , c ed. / , ^ eir oDv 1 yéver. é[v náxyas áo] 30 voOapké àyyeXo[v At0s] &ravetv ToT€ [l'às vzrépom Xov] of puuocrópov X[oxov] "Apryov, 1)? pa kai e[ovacav Xa0o0cat] ücTeToL uépupv|[au,] 35 7) ILeeptóes óbreve[av á6vpc uéX«] em. kaOéov aàvámavo|w éwréóov,] €jg0L uev oUv 1 aàcdaXécrarov à 7pó[cc kéXevOos,] émei zrap. àvOego|0ea] 40 NeiXov àdíxer. oi[o Tpor Aa£] 'Io $épovca maíóa |yacerpi róv Ats,] "Exaóov évOa wv vé« evxAéa] Mog TóNav T pVT [avi ToMráv| bTepóxo BpvovT[a T(4à,] 45 perta rav Te Óva| àv éoavev yevéOXav,] ó0ev kai ' Aryavopt| Gas ] ey érraTUXowc|t O»8as] K&6pos XeuéX[av vrevoev,] & TOV ópatBákxa|v| 50 TUcTev ALóvvcov [có póvev T€ ev] kai xopàv aTeóav[aó0pov ávaxra.]
BACCHYLIDES
foot messenger of Zeus slew that fierce offspring of huge-childed Earth in combat of battle, or his cares unutterable put him unawares to sleep, or again the Pierians delightsome music! made his persistent troubles cease awhile, howsoever it were, surest for such as mne is the path that passeth on to the day when the gadfly-driven Io came to flowery Nile with child to Zeus, with child of Epaphus.? "There bare she him to be the faméd ruler of a linen-robéd people;? a prince abounding in exceeding honour, and [gave to the light a line] the mightiest of the world, whence Cadmus son of Agenor begat in seven-gate Thebes that Semelé who bare Dionysus rouser of Bacchanals, [lord of merry revellings] and dances that bear the prize.*
! of Hermes, disguised as a shepherd ? founder of Memphis 3 the Egyptians * in the contest of
dithyramb choruses
! resumptive sd cde
IIS 12
LYRA GRAECA
15 (xix)-15A "Ióas
Aakeeatuoviots
Xmaápra voT év e|bpvyópo]! £avOai Aasebai[povíeov | ToLóvóe péXos k[opat Gvokevv,] ? óT d'yero caXwrá|paov|]
5 kópav Üpacvkáp[6:os ' Tóas] Máprr9ocav ior|prx. és oi«ovs] $vyev Óavárov TleXevráv]
e.g. [66 &p,/ ómráccas]?
ava£(aXos Ilocei[6àv] 10 i70Us TÉ oi icav|éuovs]
e.g. IIxevpov' és éi«7|«uévav vrépsev vrapà]
xpvcáo 100s vio|v " Apqos].
15 A
Sch. Pind. 7s. 4. 92 [«pavíois óopa Eva | vaby Ioccibáevos épéoovra .SX€bor] iBles Tbv "Avratóv aci rGv Eévov TíV drTe- Lévy TO:s kpavíois épé$eiw Tv ToU llogeibGvos vaóv: roUTo "yàp is TopoUgi Tbv Op&re Atopifibny TOL€iY. Bak xvAÍ8ns 0€ Ebmqvov ézi T&v Mapm 01s uvnoTü)pev, oi 6€ der ds XoookATfs.
! ]l 1-12 restored by Headl. (1), Wil. (2), E (3), K (4, 5, 9), J (6, 8), BL. (7), K-E (11), Reinach (12) ? cf, Simon. 86 (29 Bgk) 3 prob. written as part of l. 7; cf. 29. 148, and for the reverse, 29. 115
I16
BACCHYLIDES
15 (xix)-15 A [pas
Fon rHE SPaARTANS
Once in spacious Lacedaemon the flaxen-haired daughters of the Spartans danced to such a song as this, when stout-heart Idas! led home that fair- cheeked maid the violet-tressed Marpessa,? when he had 'seaped the end of death,? the day sea-lord Poseidon gave him a chariot and horses like the wind and sent him to the son of gold-bucklered Ares * at well-built Pleuron .
15A
Scholiast on Pindar [fto make him cease from roofing Poseidon's temple with the skulls of strangers]: The poet is peeuliar in ascribing the roofing of Poseidon's temple with the skulls of defeated strangers to Antaeus; the story is told of the Thracian Diomede; but Bacchylides relates that Euenus did this with the suitors of Marpessa, and Sophocles ascribes the like to Oenomaüs,
! son of the Messenian Aphareus ? daughter of Euenus king of Pleuron in Aetolia 3 gee the next fr. * Euenus
II7
LYRA GRAECA
16 (xx)-17 [Kéccavópa 1]
Sch. Pind. OI. 10. 83 [à» fro: 8€ Térpasw | &r$ Mavriwéas Záuos] ó 5t AíBvuos oUrw ka0lergs. Tbv Aóyov: TÀhv Mavriwwéav $mclv elvat íepàv Ilomeibàvos, kal maparí8era: Tbv BakxvAlBmv Aéyovra oUTw*
IILocetóáviov cs
Mawvrtvées Tptó60vra xyaXo6at6áXotatv év àa'TTiciv opeUvres
[à izoTp]ooa vo[os]?
1
Serv. Aen. ll. 95 [versis Arcades armis]: lugentum more mucronem hastae non cuspidem contra terram tenentes, quoniam antiqui nostri omnia contraria in funere faciebant, scuta etiam invertentes propter numina illie depicta, ne eorum simulacra cadaveris polluerentur aspectu, sicut habuisse Arcades Bacchylides in Dithyrambis dicit.
18 [Aaokóov]
Ibid. 29. 201: sane Bacchylides de Laocoonte et uxore eius vel de serpentibus a Calydnis insulis venientibus atque in homines conversis dicit.
19 [I1éAoy]
Sch. Pind. OI. 1. 37 [émeí viv ka6apà AéBuros €&eXe KAc04]. 2. . 6 8t BakxvA(Ogs Tov IléAora TJ» 'Péav Aéyei ioyidaca (8y-» kaBeicay (ráAw» TQ XéBqri. ?
1 cf, Porph. Hor. C. 1. 15 (quoted above p. 85), and Sch. Stat. Theb. 7. 330 ? this line so restored by Bl. occurs with parts ofll. 1-3 in the Great Papyrus ; àmó or à$' must there have been written at the end of 1l. 3; 1l. 4 is not in Sch. Pind. 3 B: mss $ià ToU AéBmros
r18
BACCHYLIDES
16 (xx)-17 CassANDRA 1
Scholiast on Pindar: [and with the four-horse chariot, Samus of Mantinea?]: Didymus gives the following ex- planation:—Mantinea is sacred to Poseidon, compare Bacchylides :
[See] how the Mantineans, with Poseidon's trident as the blazon of their brass-bedizened shields, from
9
their horse-breeding city . . .? I
Servius on Vergil Aeneid [the funeral of the hero Pallas— *The Arcadians with arms reversed]: That is, holding in mourning fashion the point, not the butt, of the spear to the ground ; for our ancestors reversed everything at a funeral, even inverting their shields lest the likenesses of the Gods depicted on them be polluted by the sight of a corpse,— which likenesses the Arcadians had on their shields, according to Bacchylides in the Dithyrambs.?
18 [LaocoóN]
The Same [the death of Laocoón]: Bacchylides certainly speaks of Laocoón and his wife and of the serpentis coming from the Calydnian Isles and being turned into men.
19^ [PELops]
Scholiast on Pindar [Tantalus' cannibal feast]: . . . Dac- chylides declares that Rhea (not Zeus) restored Pelops by putting him back into the cauldron.
! Neue-Bl, comparing Serv. on 4en. 11. 93 ? perh. from a list of Greek forces in Cassandra's prophecy ot the Trojan War (Bl); cf. Porphyrio (above, p. 85) 3 the
Arcadians perh. were mentioned in a list of the Greek forces in the Cassandra, 5 cf, Eust. 1909, 61 : II9
LYRA GRAECA
20 [Tv8eis]
Sch. Ar. 4v. 1536 [xai TÀàv BaciAelav coi *yvvaik' &xeiw i56]. ceuaToTo.et Thv BagiAeíay avró T0 mTpüyua és Yyvvaixa. Ebopóvis, OTi. Abs Qv'yárnp 1 1 BaciAeía. kai Boke; Tb kaTà TÀV &0avasíav avT7 oikovoueiv, q)» Éxev kal vapà BakxvA(0gn 3j A0mvà, TG Tv8ei bócovca 73jv à&avacíav.
21 [Pduvokr7r2s]
Sch. Pind. P. 1. 100 [Aauvó8ev]: ra?T5 75 igTopía kal Bakxv- Aíons gvuoavet €v TOlS Ai&vpánBoss, oTi 93 oi ^ EAAqves ek Afuvov uereaTe(Aavro TÜV PuXokTfirqv 'EAévov uavrevgauévov: etuapro "yàp &vev TGY *HpakAei cv TÓÉwY pj Top8n8rrai TO "IAi0v.
A IIPOXOAION 22
Stob. FI. 108. 96 -- 49 [671 8ei yevvaiws epe à mpoonizTovra Üvras àvÜpémovs kal kar àper2v (5v óoe(Aovras] BakxvAibov IIpocoBícev- !
cTp. Eis ópos, nia Bporoiciv? ebrvyx(las 0905, Üvpóv ei Tis Exe ameves Óvvarai O.a.TeNetv Lov: 0g 6€ uvpta uév agudvmroXet
operi, TO O€ Tap &pdp T€ kai vókra ueXXovrav Xdpuv €óv lámTerat Kéap, dkaprrov exet T'ÓVOV. dyT. Tí "yàp &Xadpóv € ér ? dmpakr. 08vpouevov ovetv kapótav ; . . .
.. ? mss mporebiGv ? mss insert écgrív 3 mss insert écr 120
BACCHYLIDES
20 [Tvpkvs]
Seholiast on Aristophanes [fand have Kingship for your wife']: He personifies Kingship as a woman. According to Euphronius this is because Kingship is daughter of Zeus; and she appears to preside over the immortalisation-department, which in Bacchylides belongs to Athena, where she promises immortality to Tydeus.!
21 [ PurLocTETEs |
Scholiast on Pindar [* from Lemnos ]: This account tallies with that of Baechylides in the DiütÀyrambs in making the Greeks fetch Philoctetes from Lemnos at the prophetie bidding of Helenus. 1t seems that it was fated that Ilium should not be taken without the bow of Heracles.
Book IV PROCESSIONALS
22
Stobaeus Zahology [Of the need of bearing one's lot like a gentleman, because we are human and ought to live according to virtue]: Bacchylides Processionals :—
One goal there is, one path, of mortal happiness, the power to keep a heart ungrieving to life's end. Whoso busieth his wits with ten thousand cares and affllicteth his spirit night and day for the sake of things to come, the labour of such an one beareth no fruit, For what ease is there left us if we keep the heart astir with vain lament?? . ..
! cf, Apollod. 3. 75 ? the last sentence, is quoted separately but is thought to belong hére
I2I
LYRA GRAECA 23
Ibid, 98. 295 [mepl roV Bíov, 0r. Bpaxvs kal ebreA3js kal opovrí- Bev àváueaTos]: BakxvA(Í8Sov IIpocobíev: !
^ , Távreact Üvarotou Gaí- , , , y, jov égréra£e qróvovs &XXotgtv àXXovs.
1D IIAPOENEION
24
Plut. Mus. l7 [m. &puovi|v]: o)k jryvóec 8€ (ó UAdTov) OTi TOÀAÀ Adpia TapÜEveun ? "AA«püri kal Tlov6dpg kal Zuievíón kal BakxvAÍ0 memoíT24.
em TIIOPXHMATON 25 Stob. F7. 11. 7 [r. àAm8eías]: BaxxvA(Sov "tropxnudTev:
A vóia Lev Jyàp à AMBos pavet Xxpóc ov: ay-
piv 9 àáperàv aodxav * e Tü'ykpa?Ss eXéyxet aXá8eua . ..
26-26 A
heil 4n. Gr. 7. 21 [m. &ppiukpov]: ó 6€ a)Tós kaAeira. kal kpuTikÓs, &s rà» Kpmr&v émiwwomgcávrwv Tb «cibos ToU To(obTOv
l mss pocq0idv * mss insert &AAa 3 mss also omit yáp,.gem omits utv "áp * gem co$ía with some Ins8
I22
BACCHYLIDES 23
The same [on the shortness and vanity of life and how full it is of trouble]: Bacchylides Processionals :—
God hath laid toils upon all men, one upon this and another upon that.
Book V MAIDEN-SONGS 24.
Plutarch Mwsic [the * modes ]: Plato was well aware that many Dorian Maiden-Songs have been composed by Aleman, Pindar, Simonides, aud Baechylides.
Book VI DANCE-SONGS
2 Stobaeus .4n/hology [on " Truth]: Bacchylides JDance- Songs :— For gold is disclosed by the Lydian touchstone, and the worth and skil of a man is proved by almighty Truth.
26-26 A?
Keil Analecta Grammatica [on the amphimacer, — v -]: It is also called a cretic because this kind of rhythm was
! cf, à * gem, prob. itself a touchstone, described by Caylus Rec. d? Ant. V. pl. 50. 4 and Sch. Z7. 16. 57 3 cf. Dion. Hal. Comp. 25 (T$ map& BakxvA(8gy), Ath. 14. 631 c, Ael. H. A. 6. 1, Luc. Scyth. 11, Ach. Tat. 5. 12, Lact. ad Stat. TAeb. 2. 721
123
LYRA GRAECA pvOuoU, ois kal 7b brópxnua àvaoéperar QiAet 56 Trà bmopxfiuara TOUT TG T05l karauerpetaOat, otov:
Ovx &80pas &pyov o98. àuSoXás, aàXXà ypvaatyiéos lrovías Xp) cap ev6aicaXov vaóv eX- 0óvras áfpóv 7: Gei£a.
26 A
Lact. ad Stat. TÀ«b. 7. 330 [Itonaeos et Alalcomenaea Minervae | agmina]: in qua Itonus regnavit, Herculis filius ; haec civitas Boeotiae est. hinc Bacchylides Minervam Itoniam dixit et
"AXaXkoguévgy!
significavit. hie Bacchylides Graecus poeta est quem imitatus est Horatius in illa oda in qua Proteus Troiae futurum narrat excidium.
21-28 [eis A7Xov]
Heph. 43 [m. vaueviko?]| 8Be85Aóo0w 8t 0T: kal 0ÀAa dcyuara KprTiK«& avrTíÜerat, Go ep kai mapà BakxvA(5m'
5 ^ , »- OQ, mrepikeXevré AG, áryvosxjaew pév oU o^ éXrropat
28
Sch. Call. Del. 98 [ei 8€ A(qv voAées ce mepvrpoxócecv &oibaí]- ai Iluódpov kal BaixvA(8ov.
! Mitscherlich: mss Alchomenen, -em
124
BACCHYLIDES
invented by the Cretans, to whom is also attributed the hyporcheme or dance-song, in which this foot is commonly employed ; compare
This is no time for sitting or delay ; go we rather to the fair-wrought temple of Itonia! of the golden aegis, and there show forth some delicate thing.
26 A
Lactantius on Statius TAebaid [*'The Ttonaeans and the ranks of Minerva the Protectress']: Where reigned Itonus son of Hercules; it is a city of Doeotia. Hence Dacehylides calls Minerva Itonia and
the Protectress. This Baechylides is the Greek poet imitated by Horace in
the Ode (i. 15) in which Proteus foretells the destruction of Troy.
21—28
[To Dzros]
Hephaestion Zandbook «f Metre [the Paeonic]: It should be made clear that whole poems, too, are composed in cretics, as for instance in Baechylides:
O far-famed Delos, I hope thou wilt not fail to know again
28?
Scholiast on Callimachus Z7ymn to Delos [and if very many songs run about thee ']: That is, songs of Pindar and DBaechylides.
! [tonian Athena at whose temple at Coronea the Pan- Boeotian Festival was held, cf. Alc. 6 ? or a Processional ?
127
LYRA GRAECA
7 EIIINIKON 99—41 British Museum Papyrus 733 :!
29 (1) A-E ['Apyeto Keio voit zvkry (?) "Io6pua.]
(The first 110? lines of this ode are mutilated or missing from Brit. Mus. Pap. 733, buf we may compare for their contents :— (a) Pind. Paeans 4. A2 [m. Aeti8éas] mépas b' ébv | eimév ax (Eb£Ávr:0s): *Tpécw To: TÓAepuov | Aios "Evvocíbav 7e Bapókrvmov. | x8óva rol vore kal aTpaTbv üÓpoov | Téuwav kepavrvq TpidBoval Te | és rbv Ba0bv Táprapov, éuày | nuarépa Xvmóvres kal üAov olkov evepkéa.—(b) Callim. Afri 3. l (Ox. Pap. 1011) 64 [m. Kéo] év 5' 0Bpw 0dvaróv Te kepa)viov, év 8€ *yógras | TeAxivas uakdápmv T. oUk &Aéyovra Oedv | 31Aeà Anudvakra "yépev éveOfjkaro BéATois, | kal "ypivr MakeAÓ umrépa Acli8éms, | &s uo)vas re vijcov àvérpemov etvek' àXvrpiis | UBpios &aimÜeis £AXurov &8ávarot. —4c) Sch. Ov. Ib. 475 : Macelo? filia Damonis dicitur cum sororibus fuisse ; harum hospitio usus Iupiter, cum Telchinas quorum hie princeps erat corrumpentes invidia successus omnium fructuum fulmine interficeret, servavit. ad quas cum venisset Minos cum Dexione concubuit; ex qua creavit Euxantium unde Euxantidae fuerunt.—(d) Nonn. Don. 18. 35 Ziüva kal ATÓAXwva uf Ecvurae MakeAA d . . .É—(e) Tz. Theog. 81 Matr. 4m. 580 éx Bé roÜ karappéovros oaíuaros r&v uopicv | €v uev TÀÜ yl yeyóvaci Tpeis "Epiw?es TpáTov, | à? Tewióvg, Méwyaipa, kal 'AXqkró avv TavTais: ? | kal aiv avrais oí Téccapes óvouagTol TeAxives, | Axraios, MeyaAfs:0s, "Opuevós Te kal Avkos, | obs BakxvAÍóns uév $ms: Neuégeos Taprápov, | &AXo Tiyes 8€ Aéyovai T3js T's 7e kal ToU IIóvrov.)
l see p. 99 notel X? according to Blass, see below — ? ms , : , Macedo 1 mss MakéAAcwv and a lacuna 5 ms TovUToLS
l see p. 93 note 1 ? the victory is recorded in a 4th cent. list of victors found at Ceos, now at Athens 3. Calli- machus' authority, Xenomedes, a mythologist of c. 450 p.c. * according to other scholia, all except Macelo, who was struck by lightning with her husband at her wedding because he invited all the Gods but Jupiter. This episode may not have formed part of the version used by B., cf. Pindar
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BACCHYLIDES
Book VII VICTORY-SONGS 29-41 from a Papyrus of the last Century P.c.:! 29 (i) A-E Fon Anckivs cr CEos, Vicron IN THE Bovs' Boxiwc-MaTcnH aT THE lsrHMvus ?
The first part of this Ode seems to have contained an invocation to the Muses and. an address to Corinth as the scat of the Isthmian Festival, and passed on to the story of Minos and Dexithea, a story which 4s preserved «s follows:—(a) Pindar Paeans [on Dexithea]: Euxantius told them the marvel that once befel him :—* Surely I fear war with Zeus and the loud-thundering Earth-Shaker. Surely their levin-bolt and trident sent a land and its people every man into deep Tartarus, all but my mother and her well-walled house'—(2) Callimachus Origins: And therewithal insolence and a lightning-death, and likewise the wizards the Telchins and Demonax who. so foolishly flouted the blessed Gods—these the old man? did put in his writing.tablets, and aged Macelo mother of Dexithea, them twain that alone the Immortals left unharmed when they overturned an island for its sinful insolence. (c) Scholiast on the Ibis: It is said that Macelo and her sisters were daughters of Damon, and that Jupiter having enjoyed their hospitality saved them * when he struck the Telchins, of whom Damon was chief, by lightning for maliciously blight- ing all the fruits of the earth. "To these daughters came Minos, and was united with Dexione, and begat Euxantius father of the Euxantidae. Compare also (d) Nonnus Dionysiaca : Macello entertained Zeus and Apollo at one [board]; and (e) Tzetzes Theogony: From the blood which dripped from the mutilated Uranus and entered the earth sprang first the three Furies Tisiphone, Megaera, and Alecto, and with them the four famous Telchins, Actaeus, Megalesius, Ormenus, and Lycus, whom Bacchylides calls Sons of (€ and Tartarus but some authorities of Earth and
ea.
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29 (i) cTp. a iis 1 i [[. 3-8) IIreptóes . . . 'yatas dde .. . €UoUAov
[vau] Bpóv Nqpáos].
avT. Q iskiupe gosinbicds in ll. 13-142 ?)
Li o ILéxozros Xwrapás
, , /, vácov OeóóuaroL m Xat
em.a (perhaps in l. 19)
[0$ àp|uacuv Vr Tovg
avr. [9 (perhaps in ll. 38-39)
[x1]]ret cvvev|vov
pu y (perhaps in ll. 48-58) [ío Tov |pryoi kop [a4] . . next) povos v [vov] Lap xatav DUARTE Ula avO5pots àXos
. [a]byats &eXtov
Por er in (|. 13-81)
(Ma]keXo 8é ... [$1X aXákaros 2 gilsgat ea... 7.000 ove TÉ vw]? . gaívovGo OmL . .. pev cTÉpouat . . aàpjáxke: Ova . . . mevía . . . [&ed]yer[e] qáyma|v] ... .
(27 lines lost)
1 according to Blass' conjectural arrangement * from Sch. Pind. 07. 13.1 mpó8vpov kal 00pas eió0ac: kaXeiv T3)jv KópiuvOov,
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29 (i) (lines 1-8 perhaps contained ! Pierians . . . . Isthmian land . . son.in-law of
shrewd Nereus . .?)
(I. 13-14 were perhaps O God-built gates of ja shining isle ?)
(4. 19 Senuhh contatned [harnessed] horses to a chariot)
(I. 38-9 perhaps for lack of husbands)
(4l. 48-58 perhaps
girls at the loom . . . . sweet-hearted sleep .... ancient city . . . . margin of the sea . . rays of the
Sun) (4. 13-81 perhaps
nudoMaeelg ... loyer of the, distaff .. . to the flowing [river?] . . and addressed [him?] . . in be- guiling accents . . I lack . . with a two-edged grief . poverty . . flee ye (?) altogether . .) (2'1 lines lost)
1 Blass placed conjecturally what he considered the frag- ments of the first four columns (110 1l.) of this ode ; they are too mutilated and their position too much in doubt for them to be printed here in full ? Poseidon, husband of Amphitrite * Corinth
01à 70 Th» &pxv 1j TéAos elvai IIeAomovvijoov TOV "Ia 8uóv, Tp /óupov 6€ rois eis IIeAovróvvqaov oaTeAXouévois. BakxvADms: ^Q IIéAoTo0s KTÀ. 3 cf. Apoll. Pron. Gram. Gr. 1. 1. 84
129 VOL. III. K
LYRA GRAECA E Jae8e(
eje TpuTáTQs uer[à keivav| ? [án]épa Mívos àprjios ijvvÜev aioXompópvorse 115 vavci zevr:jkovra av Kpyrov ogiXo*
cTp.s$ Ais EokXetov 06 éka- v. BaObvtovov kópav A Ae£iÜéav Oáuacev kaí oi Airr€v 3jpugU aav 120 dvÓpas àpnidíXovs, rotciv moXvkprvov x0ova veLuas, àzrov Xéov Q/xer. és Kvocóv (uepràv 7 óMiv avT.€ JjaciXeUs Ebpomíaóas. 125 6ekdáT 0 Evfavriov uQgvi Ték eU Xokaguos [vóuda dep]ekv8é[i vao o]? E: v v-]* vpvra|vw] [-- « - k]eóv[- » —
(8 lines lost)
[7 o - A&uevos àX]v£av? Ovyarpes
cTp. b! TON[tv és véa ]v ? Ba6vóe- 140 eXov[" €x TO]Ü " u€v *yévos eT XeTO aprepóxetp: 'Apyeto[s óXoto] ? Xéovros Óvpo[v éyov], omore xpet[accov cv.) oXot? páxas 145 Troc aiv T éXadpós, vraTpiov T o)K àT|O0kAapos k]aXov,?
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BACCHYLIDES
Two days thereafter! in fifty poopéd ships gay- painted came warrior Minos with a meinie of Cretans, and by favour of Zeus the Fame-bringer did wed the buxom damsel Dexithea ; and left unto her the half of his people, men apt to arms, dividing unto them that craggy land ;? and so was gone sailing home, that king of Europa's blood, to lovely Cnosus. And in nine months' time his fair-tressed bride bare Euxantius ? to be lord of that glorious isle . . .
(8 lines missing)
. when the daughters [of Damon] had fled [to a new and] sunshine-steepéd home.* Of his? seed came hardy-of-hand Argeius, who showeth$ the heart of a destroying lion when he meeteth need of battle, came nimble-of-foot, and not without portion in the many noble gifts that his father Pantheides
! after the visit of Zeus and Apollo to the daughters of Damon ? ? Ceos 3 described by the scholiast on Apol- lonius of Rhodes i. 86 as the father of Miletus * Coressus ? 5 Euxantius'? if Argeius hailed from Coressus (Kopyacós) near Iulis, and the story of the Maidens (xópai) was a local etymo- logising myth, we have the explanation of the appearance of the daughters of Damon in this ode (Festa) $ the Gk. is * hath,' confusing the permanent attribute with the occasional
! [| omit brackets where the supplements are reasonably certain : before a 4 letter-bottoms as of wrpi AU ESBL » üpBóBucoy (Wolff) or potpibtoy (J) would fit; éceóuevov too long 5 E, not ]«£ € E ? or ék vàs 5 Barnett, other suggestions too long ? E (c: lost by haplogr.) ; Jebb's xpeiós ri: cvuBoAo: and DBlass's xpeiós € kepBoXot both too long 1? Housman I3I K 2
LYRA GRAECA
àyT.L voca llav[6éióa kXvvó]vo- ! ? ; , » £oe ATOXXov avmracev , audí T iacropía 150 fetvev re diXávopt viud: 5 ji N , v eü 6€ Aayov Xapírov 70XXols Te ÜavpuacÜeis fporàv aiGv. éAvaev mrévre mai- 6as ueyauvijTovs Atrv' , [^14 ^ [2d [4 , ém.b TÓV Éva oí Kpovióas 156 vritvyos '"le8uuovucov Üfkev àvT' ebepryeciáy, Avrapóv T &X- Xov o Teóávov émíuowor. Qaui kai $ácc uéyio Tov ^ » , / ^ 160 «0060s éyew àperáv: TAoD- 06 kai GeuXoteiv àvÜ oa ) E TOS 0€ kai Oe.Xoia ww àvÜpcarov opuXet,
, oTp.9» é0éXe, 8 avtetv ópévas áv- e , e b 9? » e M pos, 0 Ó ev épOcv Ücoys * /, , eXrLoL kvópoTépa - , 165 caívei kéap' ei O Vyielas N ÜvaTOsg éov &Xa yer, , 5, Coetv T m. oikeimov exe, T poTois épífer mavrí voL , 5 , , répyris àvÜpoyrov [Bie àvT.? Émerat vóa dv «ye vócev? 171 vreviag T d4La Y &vOv. ei » ^ [4 (cov 0 T aQveos íi- petpet peyáXov 6 ve ueiav 7TGvporépov: TO 66 mráv- 175 Tov eUuapetv ovóécy tyMvicU Óvarotciv, 4àAX. aiei à $ev- , ^ yovra, 0L ervrat kuxetv.
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had of the Lord of Archery, were it in the art of healing, were it in the kindly service of strangers; aye and much had Pantheides won of the Graces, and a marvel was he become to many men, ere he passed away and left the five sons of great repute, of whom to one because of his father's well-doing the high- throned son of Cronus hath given many bright wreaths! and now hath made him victor at the Isthmus.
I say and ever shall, that the greatest honour belongeth to virtue and valour;? though wealth may be found walking with cowards and is fain enough to exalt a man's spirit, a nobler hope doth cheer the heart of one that is good to the Gods; and if, for all his mortality, he hath dower of health and can live on what is his own, then vies he with the first. Disease and helpless poverty apart, every human life is attended of delight. The poor desireth small things as much as the rich desireth great; to have a plenty of everything is no pleasure to mortal men, rather seek they to catch that which flies them.
! the Inscription mentions a victory of Argeius as àyévetos or *beardless youth? at Nemea; but that would be later than this, in which he is still competing among the «aibes or boys ? the Gk. has the single word àperá, which varies in meaning between virtue and valour or prowess
!1 Kenyon * cf. Plut. Aud. Poet. 14 ($áccuev mwrbv k000s KkTÀ., omitting $aji kaí) 3 P vov[acw]v
L33
LYRA GRAECA
, , . 1 , ém.9 cTLwL! kovoorarat Ovyóv Govéovot uépuuwan, 180 óc cov àv Loy xpóvov àv XéXaxev Tt- páv? àperà 8 émíuox0os / ^ 9.29 ^ ILV, TeXevraÜcica 9 opÜos [àvópt «|a 9 ebore du Xet- [vet 7roXv |£Xe ov * ebXetas àyaNaa.
30 (ii) TÓ GUTÓ cTp. "A[ifov, o] 3 c euvoboretpa Qua, és Kéov i Lepày xapura- VUMOV dépova' àyyeMav, ÓTL páxas paa xetpos '"Ap- 6 reios áparo víkav' ayT. KaXdv 8' àvéuvacev óa' éy kXeévvo aUXevt 'Ic0uo0 Ca0éav Auróvres Ei£avríóa và- cov éreóci£apev éflóoyj- 10 kovra cVv o TeQávotcuv: ém. kaAet 606 Moto. avOvyevns yXuketav aUXOv kavaXxav, / 9 v9 / yepaípova. émLVLKLoLs IIavOeióa díXov vtóv.
1 E: P óvriwa (but a Greek could not avoid taking this with 6vuóv) ? Maas: P xp. rov? eAaxey Tiudv: but un- metrically, and 7ó»9e should be covcov s"BE Mur 5 K: üitev & (Blass) would fit, but we need a vocative,
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BACCHYLIDES
He whose heart is stirred by most vain solicitudes, he getteth his honour only for his lifetime ; as for virtue, it may give a man toil, but well completed it leaveth him, even though he die, a right enviable monument of fame.!
30 (ii) Fon TruE SawE?
Up, thou giver of things revered, make haste, O Rumour, to holy Ceos with a message of gracious words, and say that Argeius hath gotten him victory in the battle of sturdy hands, and brought to mind all the feats which we of the sacred isle of Euxantius have displayed with wreaths threescore and ten at the famous neck of Isthmus, and that the native Muse is calling up the sweet babble of the flutes and honouring the dear son of Pantheides with strains of victory.?
! though this Papyrus must have had àv8pí, Bacch. perh. wrote óp8oi &vbpa, * well completed it setteth him up, and when he dies he leaves a right enviable,' etc. ? perh. an announcement of the victory celebrated in the previous ode, written at Corinth by Bacch. and sent as a letter to Ceos 3 i.e. Bacch. is preparing Ode 29?
for the only 3 extant Epinicia of Bacchylides which have no vocative are incomplete ; cf. 37. 1 $ P 6pacvxeip S
LYRA GRAECA
31 (iii) épovi Xvpakocío émrou OXoywr ia
cTp.a "Apu rokápmov XikeX(as kpéovaav Aáparpa too TéDavóv re kovpav Duvet, yXvkóO6ope KXelot, Óoás T 'O- Mpmrvoüpopovs "Iépevos trrzrovs. àvT.a/ [fev ]ro yàp aov brrepóxeo ve Ní«a 6 [cvv An[Xaía Te TTG. p. eUpvOLvav l'AXéor, 700. A]emonéveos &nkav OX fiov 1|é«os? a Tebávo]v «vptjaa:, em.a ÉOpónoe 66 A[aós azetpov: 10 **A rpiwcevóatu|ev avi5jp,]* 0g vrapà Zvós Xaxov TXela Tapxov "EXXávov yépas oLO€ mup*yoÜevra T XoUTOV Ha) peXag- oapéi kprTew aórQ.
oTp.[) fpvet uév tepà BovBiroi € &opraís, 16 Bpsovat QiXo£eríaus ? áryvLai- Xámeu 0. vro uappuapvyais o xpvaos UyriGatOANTOv pum cv cTaÜÉévrov avTr.[9 mápoi£0e vao, TÓÓL pe yia TOV dXcos 20 oiov rapà KaeraMas pecOpots AéXdot Órémrovat. 0cóv Oeov Tis ayXaitéro, o 0 yàp dpio Tos OX ev: ém.|9. | ése more kal óapaatr TOV Avó(as ápxa'yérav,
1 E, cf, 33. 48, not eevovro nor éépovro, which are too
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31 (iii) Fon HikRo or SvnacusE
VicrToR IN THE Foun-Honsk Cnuanior-RACE AT OrvuPiaA 1
Of Demeter that ruleth noblest-fruited Sicily, and of her daughter the Maid of the violet wreath,? sing now thou, joy-bestowing Clio, and with them praise the swift steeds that ran for Hiero at Olympia. For with Victory the pre-eminent and Glory sped they beside the broad swirls of Alpheus, where they have made the happy child? of Deinomenes to win a wreath, and a multitude past number hath cried * Ho for a thrice-blesséd man who possesseth of Zeus the widest-ruling office of all Greece and knoweth how to keep towered wealth unhidden of the black mantle of darkness !'
Rife are the shrines with festal offering of oxen, and rife also the streets? with hospitalities ; and bright shines the flashing gold where high and rich wrought tripods have been set before the temple, in Phoebus' great precinct that is served by the Delphians beside the streams of Castaly.? To the God should we bring our honouring gifts, to the God; for therein lies the best of all good-fortune ; witness the lord of horse-taming Lydia; when Sardis
1 p.c. 468 ? Hiero was hereditary priest of Demeter and Persephone (Hdt. 7. 153) 3 Hiero * of Syracuse, where this ode is performed * the pedestals have been discovered on the Sacred Way at Delphi, see on Simon. 170
long ? e.[ovov] too long 3 Blass * Kenyon 5 Richards: P -:«es 9 P ayAai(e8o *yap kTA.
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25 eDTe ràv ven [popévav]! Znvós TeXe|vo0o at «pt aw Zdpties Iepaá|v édAwcav cTp]a7ó, Kpoicov 0 xpvcd[opos] cTp.'y QUXaE 'AmóXXov. [o 8 és à]eXmTov ua 30 uoXov ToXv|64rpvo]v ovx éyeXXe pápvetv ét [9ovXoc? |vav, Tvpàv 8€ Xa ev éos v por ápot]Üev avXàs dyT. y vana , évOa civ &Xóxo] Te keOvá c)v eUTAokápots T éméBauv' &Xa[s iov] 35 Üvyarpdci Óvpouévats: yépas Ó. és aiT Uv ai0épa a $erépas áetpas , / / «c , ^ em. wéyovev: *"YmépBte 8atyuov, vro) ÜeÀQv éc Tiv xapis ; T00 66 Aaro(6as áva£ ; 40 [éppove ]w ? 'AXvárTa 96jot, s [o$8' àdievet|v|as p &mowa] uvptev £xg- * , 3.13 K / Hh p [ov vporep áryaXudáro ]v, cTp.O [GXXN aiBera, A$0ov zaXato]v &crv, | [$owiecerat atia ypvao]8tvas 45 lakro»ós, áeuceNcos yvvaixes é£ é CÜkTir ov peyápov dyovrau- àyT.O và mpócÜe 0 * é£xyOpà diXa: Üavetv yXÜKLG TOV. TÓG. cime, kai à po[Qárav kéXevaev e / , » & &v Trew ÉUXivov Bopov. éicaryov 6€ 50 TrapÜévot, $iXas. T àvà palT pi Xetpas ém.Ó &BaXXor* 0 yàp 7r pooav?)s 6va- TOÍG LV &xÓ1a ros $óvov.
àXX. émrei Ocio "rvpos 139
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fulfilled the sentence delivered her by Zeus and was taken by the host of the Persians, Croesus was saved by Apollo of the golden bow. Aye, when he had come to that unlooked-for day, he would not await so woeful a lot as servitude, but had them build a pyre before his brazen-walled court and went up upon it with his trusty wife and his fair-tressed daughters wailing incessantly; and raised his hands towards high heaven and cried ' Almighty Spirit! where is the gratitude of the Gods? where is the Lord that Leto bare? Fallen is the palace of Alyattes,? [and I have no requital of the] thousand [gifts I gave;? rather is the ancient] city [of Lydus aflame, the gold-eddied Pactolus* [empurpled with blood], the women reft unseemly from the well- built houses. What was hateful once is welcome now; sweetest it is to die.'
So speaking he bade one of his soft-stepping men kindle the wooden pile. WMhereat the maidens shrieked and threw up their hands to their mother ; for death foreseen is the hatefullest death to man. Nevertheless when the shining strength of that
1 Zeus? ? father of Croesus, reigned vc. 617—560 r.c. 3 mpoméumeip to give gifts, orig. processionally, cf. Aesch. Pers. 622, ''heophr. Char. 30. 19 * this river was said to carry gold-dust
1 ]]. 25-34 restored by Kenyon (25, 32, 34), Kenyon-Weil (36), Palmer (27), Jebb (29-31), Blass-Kenyon (33)? Frick; mírvovciv too long ? ]l. 41-43 Z, 44 Kenyon- Blass (Jebb's suggestions do not fit till 44 5 P mTpóc0cv
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Aajwmpóv Oudi|£ev! né]vos, 58. ZevUs émio Tácas |peXavykev]0es védos ? c Bévvvev £avOà|v $Xóvya.] cTp.€ àmL0 TOV 0U0€v 7L Ó|eo0? ué]owuwa reUxev — TÓóTe AaXoyevijs ' AmróNXov dépov és "TzrepBopéovs yépovra 60 cv ravi QUpots karévaoce koUpats ayT. € -. OU evcéfleuav, óvL uéyio ra ÜvarOv és a/ya€éav àvémeywye llv8o. ócoL tye uév "EXX46. &yovouv ob 71s, o peyaivgre lépev,* 0eXxjae ém.€ — $ápev oéo mXeiova ypvaóv 66 Aofía méuNrac Bporàv. [có Aéy ew? vrápeoriw, oa- [7:5 u]) $06vo miatvera:, [eod] A5 díXum aov dv8p. àápyjiov 70 [eO ]tov e«üzrrpov Atos cTp.s |tomXo]kev 7e uépo[s éyovr]a Movcàv: [9s 6e:]uaXéa vroT|é xerpi 05]óv $ [ynp]a:0s é$áuepov a[9r—uc7 9XBo]v * acvxX]&à cxorets,? Bpax|[vv eóvra eióos* avr.g' [0oX]óecca 9 é&Xmis bm[ó ópéveoouv avópaàv] 76 [éGap]epéeow: 19 o 9' àva£[Cypmo uos] ['Exaf0]Xos eixe Oépn[ros vit]
l or Qidiccev ? ]. 55-7 Kenyon (55), Palmer (56), Kenyon-Z (57) 3 6[ecy too long * Anon. sugg. neywratvgr. 'I. 5 ] 67-71 Blass (67, 70), Palmer (68),
Herwerden (69), Kenyon (71) $ BL-Z ; 72 ff. Jebb's ós 5 éy], év' &0v]os, xatpi]a, à[v8poós alca]v, mo[T& xeipa bot]umwv are all too long, though his a]Iy? f5e1]v, if so read, would fit; too long also are Blass's yaAa]vós and [&à8ovàv d]i[AX4vop]a,
I40
BACCHYLIDES
awful fire rushed over them, then sent Zeus a black veil of cloud and quenched the yellow flame. Nothing that comes of the care of a God passeth belief, So then, the Delos-born! did bear away that old king to the land of the EHyperboreans and there give him dwelling, him and his slender- ankled daughters, by reason of his piety, because he of all mankind had sent up the greatest gifts to hallowed Pytho.
Yet of all the dwellers that are in Greece,? O illustrious Hiero, no man can say that any hath given to Loxias? so much gold as thou. If a man only batten not on envy, he will surely praise a favourite of Heaven, a lover of horses, a man of war, that holdeth the sceptre of the Lord of Laws, and eke hath share in the gifts of the violet-tresséd Muses,—one who, though his hand was terrible once in war, looketh calmly now that he is old on a happiness that is from day to day, well knowing it to be short. Yet deceitful is hope unto the hearts of us creatures of a day, witness the Far-darting Lord of the Oracle,? who said unto the son * of Pheres, * As
! the earliest offerings of the Hyperboreans were to the Delian Apollo, according to Hdt. 4. 32ff. ? Hiero may not be as rich as Croesus, but 3 Apollo * Admetus king of Thessaly, whom he served as neatherd
Sehwartzs àe$eAé]a, and Kenyon's ó Bovkó]Aos IE: for ajr-s7 cf. occa-kisz- 37. 15 ; a[?ris aijà- would fit, but the overlapping -/ would leave too little space in the next line (-? á8éa too long ; Jebb's a[2re répli]v is too long even as a]óre «Té pycd]v $ Jebb (but &cvx«) ; traces of a cireumflex over ]z and an erasure after ekomeis but no point , E 10 55A. and éragu. Jebb, the rest E 1g; in 77 $íA» o(]Xos (Wil.) is too long even without iota adscr.
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* Ova àv ebvra, xp?) Gu6Upovs àé£etw ém.s wyvopas, ÓT, T. avpiov Ovreat 80 uobvov àALov $dáos XOTL TevTüKOvT €TE€à tCoav Ba8vTXovrov TeXets. ócia OpQv eUbpaive Üvuóv: voUTo yàp kepOémv VRAT. eTp.t. $povéovri cvverà ryyapuo* a8)s uév 86 ai07)p apiavTos: UOcp O6 TÓVTOU o) cámerau óvadopvros! Ó 0 ypvaós: ày8pi 9. ov Oéyus Tr0MÓV Tapévra avyT.0 yfjpas 0áXeiav arts p pic ue 90 78av. áperás. ry€ u&v oU paviv6n ? Bporàv &pa c opat oéyyos, àXXà Mood vi Tpéoet. lépov, av 9 0XBov em.L xkáXMaT emeoet£ao ÜvaTots ávÜca* v pá£avri Ó e) 95 Ov ,óépei KOGJLOV GLQ- Td: cV)v 0 àXaÜeía kaXàv kai ueXiyNoa aov Tis vpvija ec x apu? Krías àn8óvos.
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a mortal thou shouldest nurse two opinions, this, that thou wilt see but one more morrow's sunlight, and the other that thou wilt have fifty years of a life of ample wealth. Cheer then thy heart by righteous deeds, for therein is the highest of all gains."
I ery words the wise may understand ; the deep sky is not to be defiled, the water of the sea doth not decay, gold cannot be tarnished ; but a man, he may not pass by hoary eld and then recover blooming youth.| Yet virtue's light waneth not with a man's body, but is cherished by the Muse. Thou, Hiero, hast displayed before men the fairest of flowers; and one that hath succeeded getteth no honour of silence; so there shall be a true tale of things well done, and along with it men shall praise the grace of the honey-tongued nightingale of Ceos.?
32 (iv) Fon THE SaAME, VicroRn wirH THE Fovn-HomsEe CnuHaniorT AT PvruHo 3
The golden-haired Apollo still loveth the city of Syracuse, and doeth honour unto Hiero the upholder of public right. For now a third time? is he sung
1 Hiero was sick of a mortal disease, and died in the following year; Bacch. is imitating Pindar O/. 2. 93 and i. 1 (476 r.c.) ? the poet 3 470 B.C. ; the same victory is celebrated by Pindar P. i 3 he had won the horse-race at Delphi in 482 and 478
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1 Bl. and others (P ]:) ? E: J's supplements do not fit in 8-10 nor account for xe (13), and the poem was doubt- less addressed to somebody (see on 30. 1) 3 Headlam
* E: P mapeoiav
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along with the prowess of swift-footed horses for a victory won beside the centre of a high-cliffed land
e.g at Pytho.
[O daughter of Xenocrates,! the God doth honour to thy father] whose daughters spouse is happy because we could not so honour the son? of Deino- menes that he should keep the scales of Justice level? [even were we to chant] right willingly [unto the skilful string an hundred] hymns of praise.
Yet can we crown him with wreaths as the only man on earth who hath achieved what he hath done in the glens of Cirrha by the sea, aye and we can sing of two victories Olympian. What is better than to receive a share in all manner of good things because one is dear unto the Gods?
39 (v) [Fon THE SAME,
VicTOoR IN THE HonsE-RACE AT OrLvMPiA 5]
Blest leader of armies unto the chariot-whirléd men of Syracuse, thou if any man in this present world wilt judge truly of a joy-bestowing gift that is offered unto the Muses of the violet wreath.
1 Hiero's third wife, cf. Piad. 7s. 2 4rg., Sch. O. 2. 29 ? Hiero 3 éxovra proleptic, i.e. *so that he should have praise in proportion to his deserts'; it is not unnatural to regard 'him' rather than 'us' as the weigher, for the exploits are his and so is the praise as soon as 'we' give
it * jin the horse-race in 476 (celebrated in Ode 33) and in 472 * p.c. 476; the same victory is celebrated by Pindar O/. i
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Give thy unerring brain a gentle respite from its cares, and turn thy mind's eye this way, to look if it was with aid of the buxom Graces that a guest-friend of thine renowned as a servitor of golden-coifed Urania wove the song of praise he sent to a renownéd city from a sacred isle.! Fain would he pour the voice from his breast in praise of Hiero. Cleaving the deep sky aloft with his swift brown pinions the eagle-messenger of the wide-dominioned Thunderer putteth sure trust in his mighty strength, and the shrill-voiced birds, they cower in fear. No stay to him are the summits of the great earth nor yet the steepy billows of the unwearied brine, but in a void unabating sped by a breeze from the west, plies he his glossy plumage conspicuous to the eye. Even so for me now are there paths ten thousand every way to praise your prowess,? O ye lordly children of Deinomenes? by grace both of dark-haired Victory and of brazen-breasted War;* may Heaven never weary of blessing you! | Gold-arméd Morn saw that storm-swift courser the tawny Pherenicus
l j.e, see if this is a good poem ? Bacch. imitates Pindar Zs. 3. 19 (p.c. 478?) 3 Hiero, Polyzelus, and Thrasybulus (Gelo was dead) 5 ref. (chiefly) to the defeat of the Carthaginians at Himera, B.c. 480
1 Richards ? Palmer: or better ai? P 4 3 E, *epistolary past': P eu|me: kAeevvav es moAiw * P adds 6é: perh. &8eAev (E), cf. 38. 73 5 Walker, despite Sch. Hes. 7T. 116: P veuara 9 P mvooiciy ? P inserts uer $ Palmer: P vuvei: cf. Pind. 7s. 3. 19 ff.
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vicetorious beside the broad eddies of Alpheus and at hallowed Pytho.! I lay hand to earth and swear that he hath never sped goalward fouled with the dust of fore-running horses; for his speed is the speed of the North-Wind as he flies 'neath his safe- seated pilot to win for the hospitable Hiero new plaudits and another victory.
Happy the man whom God hath made share in honours and hath given with that enviable lot life- long riches too. For no man on earth is fortunate in all things; witness the tale of that gate-breaker invincible? that child of sheen-levined Zeus who went down to the house of slender-ankled Perse- phoné, for to fetch up to the light from Hades the jag-toothéd hound? that was son of Echidna the unapproachable. There was he ware of the spirits of hapless mortals, there beside the stream of Cocytus like leaves a-quiver in the wind on the gleaming
shoulders of Ida where the sheep go grazing, and
! of. Arg. Pind. Ol.i ? Heracles sacked Troy, Oechalia, and Pylos 3 Cerberus
1 ]l. 50-55 ef. Stob. P7. 98. 26, 103. 2, Apost. 12. 65e ? Jurenka : uáv is too long * Palmer
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among them outstanding the shade of that staunch wielder of spears, Porthaon's son.!
And when the wondrous hero-child of Alcmena beheld him in his shining armour, first drew he the shrill-tCwanging string to his bow's end, and then, opening the lid of his quiver, picked out a bronze- headed arrow. But the ghost of Meleager appeared now close before him and spake as one that knew him well, saying, *Son of great Zeus, stay thou there and calm thy heart, and launch not vainly from thy hands a brute arrow against a dead man's ghost. "There's naught to fear The princely son of Amphitryon marvelled at his words and said, * What God or man reared such a scion as this, and where? and who slew him? Sure the fair-girdled Hera will soon send the slayer of such an one against me also—albeit flaxen-haired Pallas, me- thinks, will look to that.'
Then answered Meleager weeping, * Hard is it tor earthly man to bend the will of a God. Else would
my father Oeneus the smiter of steeds have made
| Meleager I5I
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