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V. "icpSCt
LANCASHmE PIPE ROLLS
AND
EARLY LANCASHIRE CHARTERS.
LANCASHIRE
In the Fourteenth year of king John. a.d. 1212.
Showing the Territorial Sub-divisions op THE County.
The Thick Black Broken Lines mark the divisions of the Hundreds and the Red Lines the di\ of the Fifty-six Parishes into which the County was divided in the Thirteenth Century.
The detached portions of Parishes are distinguishable by having the initial letter of the Parish printed within the detached portion. Thus:—
|
0 |
= Dalton In Furness. |
c |
= Cposton. |
|
BK |
= Burton In Kendal. |
B |
= Bolton le Moors. |
|
L |
= Lancaster. |
M |
= IVIIddleton. |
|
G |
= Garstang. |
By |
= Bury. |
|
Co |
= Cookerham. |
P |
= Prestwich. |
|
K |
= Klpkham. |
W |
^ Walton on the Hill |
|
PE |
= Penwortham. |
War |
= Warrington. |
KEY to the diBtrlbutlon of the various baronies, lordships, and other
each separate lordship or holding being distinguished by a different colour,
rple - - - The lordship belonging to the abbey
Furness, with the
held by serjeanty. of the Lancashire dceai^hs. barony of Penwotiham (Bussel.
The barony of Manchester (Grelleyl- The barony of VVilheton (Bol Ainounderness).
/
THE
LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS
OF 31 HENEY I., a.d. 1130, AND OF THE KEIGNS OF
HENRY II., A.D. 1155-1189; RICHARD L, a.d. 1189-1199;
AND KING JOHN, a.d. 1199-1216.
THE LATIN TEXT EXTENDED AND NOTES ADDED.
also
eaely
LANCASHIRE CHARTERS
OF THE PERIOD FROM THE REIGN OF WILLIAM RUFUS TO THAT OF KING JOHN.
TBANSOEIBED AND ANNOTATE t) BY
W. FAERER.
WITH A MAP INDICATING THE VARIOUS TENURES OF THE- COUNTY IN A.D. 1212.
LIYERPOOL. HENRl^ YOUNG AND SONS.
1902.
ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA.
p. 3, 1. 23, /or 1108 read 1106.
p. 4, 1. 32, and thereafter through the voh jpassim,for Poictevin, Poictou read
Poitevin, Poitou. p. 6, 1. 2'J,/or Nevil rmf^ Nevill. p. 7, 1. 4, ,, esehaeted read escheated. p. 7, 1. 9, ,, ameiciaments read amercements, p. 8, 1. 32, „ Adam read Richard.
p. 8, after 1. 3J-, add " Eichard le Boteler for his fee of Laton ... 1 fee." p. 9, 1. 25, /or eschaet read escheat. p. 9, 11. 29, 31, /or cattle read chattels. p. 12, passim, for tallis ,, talliis. p. 14, 1. 11, Warin serviens is identified as Warin de Lancaster, the royal
fcilconer. p. 18, 1. 20, for Adam son of Helye read Adam, sou of Elias, probably of
Osbaldeston. p. 19, 1. ^,for cattle read chattels. p. 21, 1. 27, ,, petit „ petty. p. 31, 1. 20, delete de.
p. 33, 1. 34, /or Argar Meles read Argarmeols. p. 32, 1. 35, ,, this fee read the fee of Widnes. p. 44, after 1. 4, should .probably be included " Aughton afterwards held by
military service of Ferrers of West Derby." p. 44, after 1. 13 add " Great and Little Carleton, in Amounderness, held under
the Lancasters by military service. One carucate in Formby held
in thanage by the yearly service of 4-s. Sd." p. 53, 3rd para. Adam, dean of Kivkham or of Lancaster is probably to be
identified as Adam de Avranches, lord of Yealand, whose
daughters and heirs carried this manor by marriage to the families
of Kedman and Coigners. p. 55, 1. 6. Leinsig' de Farnewurd was probably also called Leising de Lever, p. C9, 1. 5, Eadulfus de Dunun is probably to be identified as Kalphde Trafford
wdio lield lands in Dunham under the Mascys. p. 72, 1. 1. Ihis Roll is also described as that of 1 Richard I. See " The Great
Roll of the Pipe," Rolls Series, 1844. p. 75, 1st para. The two fees returned in a.d. 1166, among the fees of Roger de
VI ADDENDA ET COKHIGENDA.
Mowbray, as lield by William de Lanc[aster], were the Mowbray fee in Ewcross Wapentake, co. York, and not Kendal, whicb was held under the Barony of Westmorland, p. 84, 1. 31. Alan, son of Outi. It is possible that he was Alan de Holland, who
held Upholland in a.d. 1212 jointly with liis brother Matthew, p. 85, last line. Eoberh, son of Gilmichael, was lord of Whittington. p. 86, 3ru para. This statement is erroneous. He;iry de Holland's estates lay in DownhoUand, Aintree, Barton and subsequently (a.d. 1212) in Eibbleton (p. 111), p. 87, 3rJ para. Carucage was generally levied at the rate of 2^. from each plough (Matthew Paris Chronica Majora, eUf. Luard, III, 88). A reference to this levy on p. 117, 3rd para., tells that the sum of '2^U. 13.V. 2d., which had been levied from the ploughs of the men of the Abbot of Furness was pardoned. It is much more probable tliat the number of the teams in Lancashire belonging to the 7i.bbot was 37, than the impossible number of 246^ and jV.
p. 119, 1. 20, for (p. 109) read (pp. 83 and 109).
p. 112, 1. 3, in notis. Orm de Asliton was not Orm, son of Ail ward, as staled in the pedigree of Ashton, but tenant of Ashton-undcr-Lyne under the descendant of Orm, son of Aihoard (see p. 403, notes). Albert Grelloy confirmed Ashton to Roger tlie son of Orm, son of Ailward, not to Roger, sou of Orm de Ashton as st ited.
p. 125, 1st note. Hartshead in Ashton-under-Lyne was not the same place as HoKTESSVE named in the Survey. The latter is in Yorkshire.
p. 134, 11. 31, 33,ybr Alcenecote read Altenecote.
p. 136, 1. 12, for jibbct read gibbet.
p. 139, 1. ?>'b,for Udale or Ulfdale read OutliAvaite in Roeburndale.
p. 143, 1. 21, delete the remainder of the paragraph after " and another enti'y." Tlie reference relates to Bolton-le-San:l9 (see Excerpta e rotulis finium, I, p. 275).
p. 157, 1. 2^, for Haske Moors read Kaskenmoor.
p. 159, 1. 2, ,, Amounderness ,, Mnkerfield.
p. 159, 1. 14, the suggestion that this estate was in Abiam is erroneous.
p. 207; 1. 1. The acquittance was Sakefce in the fee of Penwortham.
p. 210, 1. 24, for brother read father.
p. 218, 1. 16, after Elias read de Workediey or Worsley.
p. 225, 1. 8, /or bracket read brachet.
p. 225, 1. 39, „ £39 read £139.
p. 238, 4th para, and 1. 2 in notis, for Haskenmoor read Kaskenmoor.
p. 241, 1. 8, before ij add de.
p. 248, 1. 33, /or Hawise read Helewise.
p. 254, 1. 21, ,, provisi ,, provisions.
p. 260, 1. 15, ,, comitial ,, comital.
p. 264, 1. 1, ,, comitial ,, comital.
p. 269, 1. 3, ,, has ,, have.
p. 275, 11. 4, 30. A much more probable identification of " novum Castellum de Chulchet " tlian that given, is Culgnith, in Cumberland, Avhich appears in the form of Culchet in the Pipe Rolls of Cu-.nberland for tlie 5th year of King John.
p. 296, 1. 2, delete the words in parenthesis.
p. 312, 1. 31 notes, for Ulveston read Ulverston.
ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA. Vll
p. 309, Charier No. VII erroueouslj placed at p. 317 should follow No. VI.
p. 324, last line but two, for Asshetons of Asliton-under-Ljne read Kirkbys of Kirkby-Irletb.
p. 343, 1 2, for me read mj.
p. 351, 1. 16, t!ie assumption made here is erroneous. See pp. 409-10, notes.
p. 370, ]. 32, /oy baidevgam read banlevgam.
p. 371, 1. 2S, ,, gaufrido read umf'rido.
p. a7h-, 1. 7, „ le Dale „ le Woods.
p. 380, 1. 18. William, son of Grilbert de Lancaster. Tlic origin of tlic Lancaster fivmilj is shrouded in mystery. The monks of St. Mary of York deduced Gilbert de Lancaster from Ivo Taillebois, viz., son of Ketell, son of Eldred, son of Ivo {Monasticon, HI, p. 553). While it is quite certain tbat Ivo died without male issue, it is not impossible that Grilbert may have been the son of Ketel!, son of Eldred, and brotlier to Orm, son of the said Kctell, who inherited liis father's estates of Workington, Pre.-ton Patrick, etc., and w as father of Grospatrick, to whom William de Lancaster, son of the said Gilbert, before the year 1170, gave the vill of Lamplugh in exchange for Middleton in Lonsdale. During the period of Archbishop Turstin's tenure of tlie see of York, and therefore before 1139, William, son of Gilbert de Lancaster, gave land in a place called Suarthcued, in Hensingham or Preston, near White- haven, to St. Mary and St. Beda and the monks of York; Roger, son of Gilbert, and probably brother of tlie said William, subsequently giving two oxgangs of land in Hensingham (Monasfico)j, II, p. 577). Ketel, son of Eldred, held Workington, Kelton and Salter or Saltergh in Copeland of Ranulf Meschine ; Morland, Preston Patrick, and lands in Newby, Kirkby Kendal and elsewhere in Westmorland, of the fee of Ivo Taillebois. —^ Gospatric, son of Orm, son of the said Ketell, held his lands both in Copeland and Westmorland of the Lancasters, barons of Kendal, as appears by the charter of William [son of Gilbert] de Lancaster quoted above (Transactions, Cumberland and Westmorland, Arch. Society, V, p. 312), and by Gilbert, son of Roger fitz Reinfred's confirmalion to the Abbey of St. Mary of York (Monasticon, III, p. 566). In addition to the estates enumerated, William, son of Gilbert de Lancaster, held the following estates in Copeland : Mulecaster (now Muncaster), Lamplugh and Hensingham or Preston (cf. Monasiicon, III, p. 577). While there is nothing in these particulars inconsistent with an infeudation made by Ranulf Meschines of various estates in Copeland and Westmorland, to Gilbert de Lancaster, in a portion of which Ketell, son of Eldred, may already or subsequently have been enfeoffed, as an undertenant of Gilbeit's, there is no evidence to be found that relationship existed between Gilbert and Ketell. We are therefore reduced either to disbelieving the relationship altogether, or to i)lacing credit upon the statement made by the monks of St. Mary of York, notwithstanding the fact that part of that statement, viz., that Eldred was the son of Ivo Taillebois, is disproved by after events.
p. 389, 1. 26. Roberto Bosccr i)rohahIy for Roberto de Busci.
vm ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA.
p. 400, Isfc para. The proyisiou as to waste here referred to was more probably intended to confer authority upon Gilbert fitz Eeinfred to take into his own hands all purprestures which had been made in the forest of Kendal and Westmorland since the time of his wife's grandfather, except those which had been made by the express licence of the lords of Kendal. The explanation contained in the note on page 400 as to the meaning of this clause in the King's charter is inconsistent with the natural interpretation to be placed upon tlie words used.
p. 421, 1. 21, for sthorsmelees read sthorfinlees.
p. 423, ]. 29, „ Quakenclough read Oakenclough.
p, 428, last line,/or Stewart read Steward.
p. 432. 1. 4. .. Arbalester read Arbalaster.
INTRODUCTION.
Second only in importance to the Great Survey of William the Conqueror are the Great Rolls of the Exchequer, vulgarly known
^as the Pipe Rolls or Great Rolls of tlie Pipe, the contents of which, so far as they relate to the County of Lancaster, have been reproduced and annotated in the following pages. The character of these noble records is briefly described in the opening pages of this volume ; but a perusal of the wliole series of extracts which follow will give the reader a better insight into the purposes and objects for which these rolls were drawn up, than any introductory remarks can convey. Up to the first year of King John, when the wonderful series of our Public Records — which have con- tinued in almost unbroken continuity to this day ^begins, early manorial and family history is almost entirely derived from the Pipe Rolls, ancient charters and monastic chartularies. This knowledge, coupled with the fact that the early history of the county subsequent to the Conquest had received but little
I attention — that little being of a somewhat superficial and uncritical character — induced the writer to undertake the task which has resulted in these pages, and to supplement an extended version of the entries in the Pipe Rolls and the annotation of those entries, by bringing together in the same volume transcripts of all the original charters or ancient transcripts of charters which could be found in the Public Records, in the MSS. collections of Roger Dodsworth, Christopher Towneley, Dr. Kuerden, the Randle Holmes, and in one or two private muniment- rooms to which the writer had access. While fully conscious that to do justice to the task requires the knowledge, insight and conversance with ancient records possessed by such illustrious Avorkers as Horace Round, Professor Maitland or the late Robert Eyton, the waiter felt constrained to attempt a labour for which he possessed but slight capabilities, on the ground that no other v^orker was in the field or seemed likely to take the field. The editor is therefore emboldened to ask for the indulgence of the
X INTRODUCTION.
more critical readers of tins volume, who may find in it defects of transcription, extension and translation, or statements and deductions inconsistent with ascertained facts, in the hope tliat in it may be found some original matters of interest and some new light upon the history of the Honor and County of Lancaster.
Briefly stated, the history of the county down to the reigu of H'inry the Third is as follows. In Saxon times the land between the rivers Mersey and Duddon formed part of the kingdom of ISTorthumbria. Butjn 923, King Edward took possession of the southern portion, lying between the ilibble and the Mersey, and j incorporated it in the kingdom of Mercia. Sometime during the period which intervened before the Xorman invasion, the northern portion, which still formed part of the kingdom of Xorthumbria, lying between the Kibble, wiiich parted it on the south from Mercia, and the Duddon, wliich parted it on the north from Cumberland, was assessed to Danegeld at 500 ploughlands or carucates. Within this area was also included that part of Westmorland which afterwards formed the Barony of Kendal. After tlie abolition of the royal dignity in Northumberland in the year 952, that kingdom continued under the government of the Earls of that province. Tluis we find that Earl Tostig or his thanes were lords of this territory before the Conquest. Tlie Mercian portion was apparently assessed to the same levy, in .conjunction with Cheshire, at 1,000 ploughlands or carucates, of 1 which 520 lay in Cheshire proper, and 480 between the Piibble and the Mersey, which latter for a long period before the Conquest formed part of the demesne of the Kings of England. Probably owing to this fact, the ancient assessment in carucates had been converted at some period into Mercian hides, in the proportion of six carucates to one hide ; so that this territory was assessed before the Conquest at 80^ hules, as against 520 in Cheshire.
Upon the subjugation of the north by the Conqueror, all Lancashire from the Mersey to tlie Duddon was bestow^ed upon Eoger, son of Koger de Montgomery, commonly called ''the Poitevin," who also received Bowland and a large estate in Craven, in the county of York. Count Eoger was probably put in possession in_ the_^^ear 1068. Within a few years he vv^as dispossessed, on account of his participation in the rebellious acts of Duke Pvobert of Normandy during the period 115^7-8. Subsequently William Eufus restored to him his estates in Lancashire, or the greater portion of them, for it is not an
INTRODUCTION. XI
ascertained fact that Furness and Cartmel were in the Count's possession between 1089 and 1102.i In the latter year he again adhered to l)uke liobert in the latter's insurrection against King Henry's authority in ISTormandy, with tlie result that he and his father's liouse were finally banished from tlie kingdom and his estates confiscated. It was during the twelve years which f followed the Count's final expulsion that Henry I.- incorporated the I Honor of Lancaster by the inclusion with the late Count's estates of the lands of other banished barons,^ and the addition of some royal estates. In 1114-6, the newly incorporated Honor with a quota of service to the military host of some sixty odd knights, was bestowed by King Henry upon liis nepliew Stephen, who had already succeeded to the Comtecs of Boulogne and Mortain.^ Count Stephen thus liolding the Honor by liis uncle's gift, continued in possession after his accession to the Crown in 1135, until the troublous period of 1138-1141.' In tlie former year he gave all Lancashire north of the Kibble to iJavid, King of Scots,'' as part of the price of peace, after the latter's victorious campaign undertaken in pursuit of his alleged title to Cumberland and Northumberland (see pages 274 and 297). In the latter year, as a result of his defeat and capture at the battle of Lincoln, he gave the whole Honor of Lancaster — with the exception of the Montbe^•on fee — and Lancashire between the Ilibble and the Mersey to Eanulf, Earl of Chester,'' under circumstances which are fully detailed in the following pages (see page 368 ct seq.). The Earl of Chester also obtained possession of Lancashire north of the nibble from the King of Scots, at "Whitsuntide, 1149, and by the Treaty of Devizes he further obtained from Duke Henry, as the price of his assistance in the Duke's endeavour to wrest the Crown of England from King Stej^hen, a grant or confirmation of the Honor. Events now followed each other in rapid suc- cession. A few weeks after the conclusion of the Treaty of Devizes
' Illustrative of this period are charters, Series I, Nos. I, II; Series II, No. I.
^ Illustrative of this period is charter. Series XV, No. I.
•* See page S'/dposf.
■* Illustrative of this period arc charters. Series I, No. Ill; Series III, No. I; Series IV, Nos. I, II ; Series XX, No. I.
•^ Illustrative of this period are charters. Series IV, No. Ill, and Series XIII, No. I.
^ Illustrative of this period are charters, Series I, Nos. IV, V.
^ Illustrative of this period are charters, Series I, Nos. VII, VIII ; Series II, No. II; Series V, No. II ; Series VI, No. I; Series XIII, No. II.
Xll INTRODUCTION.
the Earl was poisoned, as it is siqDposecl, by William Peverel of N'ottingliam. On November 6th at Walliiigford a treaty was made between the King and Duke Henry, whereby it was agreed between them that Stephen should retain his crown for the rest of his life, Henry acting as justiciar and practical ruler under him as acknowledt^ed successor to the Kino- and heir to the Crown. Further, that the King's sur\dving son, A¥illiam, Count of Boulogne and Mortain, and Earl of Warren, should succeed to all the estates which his father liad held before he attained to the Crown, among whicli was naturally included the Honor of Lancaster. Accordingly upon the King's death on ^/-^ October 25th, 1154, the Earl of Warren^ succeeded to the Honor, which he held until his death, whicli occurred during the retreat from Toulouse, about the end of September, 1159 (see p. 5).
During the interval between the Earl's death and Michaelmas, 1164, when the Honor became once more a Crown estate, it appears probable that the issues were received by the Countess Isabel, the late Earl's widow, until her marriage in that year to the King's brother Hameline, Earl of Warren, when Henry II.- restored to her certain of the late Earl's estates which had been seized after his death, taking the Honor into his own hands (see p. 6). Upon the death of King Henry on July 6th, 1189, Eichard I. gave the Honor to liis younger brother Jolm, Count of Mortain,^ who appears to have taken tlie issues arising duriug the last three months of the fiscal year which ended at Michaelmas, 1189. The four years and a half during whicli Count John held the Honor were years of great development, as is shown by the charters recorded in the Charter Rolls of the 1 John, confirming various grants made by the King during the period of his tenure of the Honor. Many of these charters have been pre- served and receive notice in this volume. The cause of this development, of the granting out of demesne lands, bestowal of liberties and franchises and relaxation of the restraining influence exercised by the severity of the forest laws against the development
^ Illustrative of this period are charters. Series I, No. XIV ; Series IV, Nos. IV, V, VI ; and Series XX, No. II.
" Illustrative of this period are charters, Series I, Nos. XII, Xllf, XVI ; Series IV, Nos. VII, VIII, TX; Series VI, No. II; Series VII, No. I ; Series XVI, No. V ; Ssries XVIII, Nos. I, II.
^ Illustrative of this period are charters. Series II, No. Ill; Series IV, No. XI; Series IX, Nos. II, III; Series XVIII, No. Ill ; Series XIX, No. I; Series XX Nos. Ill, IV, V ; Series XXI, No. I.
^f
e-
Lc/
CPU
INTRODUCTION. Xlll
and cultivation of waste lands, by the acceptance of large sums of money for respite of the Eeguard of the forest, was apparently due to John's ambitious policy and the preparations which he was making to seize the Crown during the King's prolonged absence in the East. This policy, as is well known, culminated in the rebellion of February, 1194, and Count John's defeat. Eichard I.^ immediately took the Honor into Ins own hands, and thenceforth it continued as a Crown estate during the reigns of King John^ and Henry III,, until the latter sovereign on June 30th, 1267, bestowed it upon his younger son Edmund Plantagen.et, styled Crouchback, who was summoned to Parliament as Earl of
^~^ ^ Lancaster from December 12th, 1276.
^ /;^e~ The Domesday Survey contains some information as to the status of the inhabitants of Lancashire befoi^e 1066. In the land
) ^^ between the Kibble and the Mersey there were no large estates or
fiefs, and few even of moderate size, if we except the estates of
L^ghtred ilie thane, in the Hundred of West Derby, and of
Gainel, the thane of Eochdale. The demesne of the Honor was
fairly extensive, consisting in 1086 of 13 manors assessed at 107
ploughlands and worth 23li. 10s. per annum. In 1066 there were,
besides the demesne, 175 manors probably held by as many thanes
or drenghs, assessed at 474 plonghlands, and worth, in addition to
the demesne just enumerated, 145/?". Ss. lOd. The enumeration in
. the Survey of the customs of this country proves that these thanes
^1 were in status but little superioi' to the villeins. In Amounder-
^ ness it is probable that the conditions were much the same as in
the part of the county south of the Eibble. The tenants of the
61 manors in this hundred were dependents of the chief manor of
Preston, and no doubt the customs which they owed were just as
servile as those described in the Survey of the land between the
Eibble and the Mersey. In addition to the demesne manor of
Preston assessed at six ploughlands, were these 61 dependent
manors assessed at 164 ploughlands. No particulars are recorded
I as to their value, but after tlie conquest of the North in 1068,
I this country was so terribly wasted that 18_^_years later but^
./6sL ^jl6^nianors were inhabited by a few people, and the rest were
^' waste. In Lonsdale there were 17 manors, some portions of
which lay in Yorkshire, containing 63 Lancashire vills assessed at
^ Illustratiye of this period are charters, k^eries IV, No. XII j Series XVI, Nos. VI, VII, VIII; Series XX, No. VI.
^ Illustrative of this reign is charter. Series XX, No. VII»
XIV INTRODUCTION,
162^ plonghlands. In Fiirness and Cartmel there were five brge manors, three of which w^ere assessed at six plonghlands each, the fourth with a berewick at seven plonghlands, the fifth, having its chief manor house at Hougun (now Milium Castle in Cumberland) with 26 dependent vills, 22 of which were in Furness and Cartmel, was assessed at 75 plonghlands, making in all 100 plonghlands. Again, as in Amonnderness, no particulars as to annual value or customs are recorded, Tlie whole county thus contained about 350 manors or vills, assessed at a little over 900 plonghlands, and inhabited before the Conquest by a population that may be estimated at about 28,750 souls. The ravages of war probably swept away more than half the population living north of the Kibble, so that it is doubtful if the population was as great in 1102 as it was in 106.6.
The general impression as to the state of the county during the century succeeding the Conquest, left upon one's mind by the
' study of such historical materials as exist, is that very few Normans settled in the county until a loug period of years after 1066. Count Eoger himself is said to have been little pleased
' with his rugged northern fief and its impoverished inhabitants. In 1086 there were between Eibble and Mersey only some 20 knights, holding 125J plonghlands, and of these it is doubtful if many were resident in the county. With the exception of Furness Al)bey in the extreme north, founded in 1127, and two or tln^ee unimportant friaries and hospitals for lepers, no other monastic houses were founded in the county, for the dissemination of learn- ing or instruction in arts and crafts, until more than a century
I after the Conquest. A great part of the landowning population, the thanes and drenghs, and the various Serjeants of the Castles and Wapentakes would appear from their names to have been of Anglo-Saxon blood, or descendants of the Norsemen and Danes wlio had overspread the country in the tenth and early part of the eleventh centuries. The parsons of the thirty or more churches which existed here at the Conquest probably differed little from their neighbours except in name. In consequence of these con- ditions, of the sparseness of inhabitants, and of the relics of servile tenure lingering even amidst the landowning thanes and drenghs, there ^vas little subdivision of property and few infeudations requiring to be recorded in the usually minute charter on parch- ment. Thus the historian may search iii vain amidst the treasures of the most extensive muniment room for even a stray
INTRODUCTION. XV
cliarter inscribed before the commencement of the reign of Henry IL, and he will find but few that can be ascribed even to that period of improvement and progress. Therefore, to the Lancashire liistorian, every record relating to the county, which belongs to the period 1066 to 1164, must be considered as of the utmost value ( and interest.
Particular attention may be called to some of the details recorded in the Pipe Polls. On the first page we find reference to an important agreement made before 1130, l)etween Count Stephen and seven thanes of the land between the Kibble and the Mersey. It may be reasonably surmised that the total sum of 220 marks paid to the King by these seven men represented some important liberty or francliise obtained from the chief lord by agreement, and sanctioned by the judgment of the King's Court. On page 8 will be found a list of the knights' fees within the county in the year 1166. On page 12 is recorded the tallage which the King took from his demesne lands in the year 1169, towards tlie endowment of his daughter Matilda, upon her marriage with Henry, the Lion Duke of Saxony. A subsequent tallage of the vills and men l)elonging to the royal demesne was made in 1177, and is set forth on page o5. Tallages were again assessed in the 4 John (page 151) and in the 6 John (pages 176-8). The first appears to have been assessed not only upon the vills and men of the existing demesne, but also upon lands of ancient demesne which had longj been oranted out to free tenants or to the King's Serjeants. The latter tallage was assessed I upon the thanes, free tenants and Serjeants of the county nc I transfrdent, i.e., in lieu of military service with the King in I foreign parts, which he was illegally exacting from them.
A complete feodary of the Honor about the year 1200, is set forth on pages 144-5. The Poll of 8 Pichard I. (page 92) gives an interesting account of the purcliase of stock and implements for the royal demesnes which had been depleted during Count John's rebellion in the early spring of 1194. It is recorded that during the year 1196, 15 ploughs and harrows and 15 ox-teams, each of eight oxen were purchased for the cultivation of the demesne lands. Also 455 head of stock, including bulls, cows, mares and ewes for tlie re-stocking of the vaccaries within the forest of Lancaster,
During tlie reign of King John great additions were made to the King's lodgings in Lancaster Castle, about 550/i being
XVI INTRODUCTIOX.
expended on this work between 1210-1215, in addition to 100/i. previously laid out in other repairs to the gaol at Lancaster and to the Castle of West Derby. In 1210 large quantities of stores were purchased for the use of the army in Ireland, and in 1211 for the army in Wales. In 1215 nearly 200li. was devoted to the munitioning of the Castles of West Derby and Lancaster, and over 150/^'. for their defence in the wages of foot soldiers and cross- bowmen.
Warine de Lancaster, who was Falconer to Henry II., had received from that sovereign a gift of lands, including Liverpool, Up-Litherland, and Eavensmeols, in return for his services, which : were hereditary. In 1207, or perhaps some years earlier, King John, having some prevision as to the advantages possessed by I Liverpool as a seaport town, acquired it, or to be more accurat-e, I seized it from Henry fitz Warine, and by charter dated August • 2'-3rd, 1207, gave him English Lea in exchange for it and for Up- Litherland, which he had also taken into his own hands. Four ' days later he published a proclamation inviting all who would to come and take burgages at Liverpool, where they should enjoy all ' the liberties and free customs enjoyed by any other free borough on the sea coast (page 225). Further, the King on the following vj day (August 28th) issued in similar ^vords his grant by letters patent making the town a free borough. In the Pipe Roll of the year following, the Sheriff, in rendering account of tlie ferm of the Honor, claimed allowance of 8li. " in defalta de Westderbi quce est reniota usque ad Liuerpul," which meant that tlie population of West Derby, representing the men of the King's demesne, had been partially removed to Liverpool, and while erecting burgage tenements there, had received remission of the usual rent or ferm of Sli. due yearly from the adjoining royal estate of West Derby. This allowance continued in 1209 and 1210, but ceased after that year, when it is to ])e supposed the revenue from West Derby and Liverpool combined, amounted to the like sum. A few years later, viz., 10 Henry III., the Pipe Eolls record that the assized rent of '' Lieverpol " was 911, and of " West Derebe " Sli. 12s. Qd. We have evidence in 1211 (page 239) that Liverpool was the usual seaport from which commodities were shipped to Chester and North Wales.
After 1182, we meet with evidence that the county within the Lyme was beginning to be described as a shire, and not by the ^omenclature of the Domesday Survey. In and before that year
INTRODUCTION. XVll
'' Lancastra " was not treated in the Pipe Eolls as a separate county, but was included under Northumberland or Yorkshire. Subsequently " Lancastra " appears under a separate heading and sometimes in conjunction with " scira." It may be said that in 1182 the two ancient divisions, viz. "the land between the Eibble and the Mersey " and " Lancaster " were finally united in name under the style of " Lancashire." The importance of the office of Sheriff in early times is brought into prominence by the Pipe Eolls. The Sheriff represented the Sovereign in the county, collecting the revenue fixed and casual, receiving and transmitting the royal writs to those whom they concerned, keeping the King's peace in the county, and providing for the defence of the castles and the administration of the royal estates and so forth. He did not receive any fixed remuneration, but upon taking office he undertook to render yearly a fixed sum to the royal Treasury called the firma comitatus. This was fixed at 200/^. by tale for Lancashire in 1164. Oiit of the balance which he collected, amount - ing to a sum probably equivalent to the ferm which he rendered, he discharged the wages of the garrison of the royal castles, and various clerks, receivers, and officials, the cost of transmitting writs, moneys and munitions for the King's use, and last, but not least, he took what he could as the profit of his office for his own remuneration. Some particulars as to the issues of the Honor are set forth on pages 264-268. Until the creation of the Duchy in 1351, the Sheriff of Lancaster was also Sheriff of the Honor, and
^aA-' ' possessed special jurisdiction over the lands of the Honor in divej's counties.
^Cc^ Passing on to the second part of the volume which consists of selected Lancashire charters of the eleventh, twelfth, and early thirteenth centuries, selections will be found in Series I to XII of documents illustrative of the following religious houses — I, the Abbey of St. Peter of Shrewsbury ; II, the Priory of St. Mary of Lancaster; III, the Priory of St. Oswald of Nostel; IV, the Abbey of St. Mary of Furness ; V, the Priory of St. Mary of Penwortham ; VI, the Cluniac Hospital of St. Leonard of Kersall ; VII, the Hospital of St. Mary Magdalene of Preston ; VIII, the Cistercian Abbey of Wyresdale ; IX, the Priory of St. Mary of Cartmel ; X, the Priory of St. Cuthbert of Lytham ; XI, the Priory of St. Nicholas of Burscough; and XII, the Priory of St. Mary of Conishead.
The treaties which King Stephen made with Eanulf, Earl of
I
ji-r r
XVIU INTRODUCTION.
Chester, and Henry, Duke of Normandy, occupy Series XIII ; the charters of the Barons of Penwortham (Bussel) Series XIV ; Charters of the Lords of the Honor of Clitheroe (Lacy) Series XV ; Charters relating to the Barony of Kendal (Lancaster) Series XVI; Charters relating to Ashton-under-Lyne and Heaton-in- Lonsdale, Series XVII ; Charters of liberties to the boroughs of Preston and Lancaster, Series XVIII ; Charters relating to the Forest of Lancaster, Series XIX ; Charters of the Lords of the Honor of Lancaster, Series XX ; and Charters relating to Wesham, Grimsargh, Medlar and Greenhalgh in Amounderness, Series XXL
In the Notes to Series II, Charter No. I, will be found particular reference to the demesne lands of Count Eoger of Poictou in 1094 ; in Series IV, No. IX, to the division of Furness Fells between the baron of Kendal and the monks of Furness ; in Series V, Nos. Ill and IV, to the Bussels of Penwortham and their free tenants ; in Series XI, No. I, to the family of Lathom, lords of Lathom and Knowsley ; in Series XV, No. I, to the date of Eobert de Lacy's forfeiture of the fiefs of Pontefract and Clitheroe ; in Series XVII, No. I, to Orm, son of Ail ward and his descendants, the Kirkbys of Kirkby-Irleth ; in Series XVII, No. Ill, to Orm, son of Magnus and his descendants, the Huttons of Hutton in Leylandshire ; in Series XIX, No. II, to the boundaries of the Forest of Lancaster with the identification of the places named ; and in Series XX, No. I, to the early descents of the Molyneux family of Sefton.
A full index of the names of persons and places occurring in these pages will be found at the end of the volume, for compiling which the editor's grateful acknowledgments are tendered to liis secretary, Mr. Thomas Price.
W. F.
MaRTON-IN-C RAVEN.
February 8th, 1902.
MAGNUS EOTULUS PIP^
DE ANNO
TEICESIMO PEIMO EEGIS HENEICI PEIMI.
EVEPtWICSCIKA ET NOEHUMBEELAND.
INTER RIBAM ET MERSAM. HOMINES COMITIS MOlUTONIiE.
Sueinus filius Lesing debet xl. marcas argenti pro concordia inter eum et Comitem.
Lesinus frater suus debet xxx. marcas argenti pro eadem concordia.
Eduardus de Gardiner debet xl. marcas argenti pro eadem concordia.
Ailsi filins Ulfi debet xl. marcas argenti pro eadem concordia.
Eogerus filius lianchil debet xxx. marcas argenti pro eadem concordia.
Osbertus filius Edmundi et Uctred frater suus debent xl. marcas argenti pro eadem concordia.
Abbas de Everwic debet x. marcas argenti pro domibus et rebus quas Ermentruth et filius suus ei dederant in elemosina.
Adam Murdac debet j. dextrum pro terra Eadulfi Avunculi sui.
Willelmus Maltravers debet M. marcas argenti Et c. libras ad dandum quibus Eex voluerit pro Uxore Hugonis de Laval cum tota terra Hugonis usque ad xv annos et post xv annos habere dotem et maritagium suum.
Herbertus de Morevilla debet 1. marcas argenti ut sit quietus de custodia forestaria.
Eicardus Guiz debet ij. dextros pro concessione terras, quam Hugo de Laval ei dedit.
Thomas de Everwic filius Ulvieti debet j. fugatorem ut sit Aldermannus in Gilda Mercatorum de Everwic.
Idem vicecomes [Bertrannus de Bullemer] reddit compotum de
2 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
ccc. et xxxvj.m. argenti et v.s. et vj.d. de minutis judicibus et juratoribus Comitatus de eisdem placitis.
Et In perdonis etc. [i7iter alia]. In dominio Eogeri de Molbrai iiij.li. et xv.s. de Dreinis suis. Eogerus de Molbrai reddit compotum de cm. argenti de eisdem placitis. In thesaiiro xx.li. Et In per- donis per breve Kegis eidem Eogero, xl.m. argenti. Et eideni Eogero in dominicis maneriis suis vij.li. et xv.s. Et debet xij.li. et v.s.
Lincoliescira. Kobertus Greslet reddit compotum de xx.m. argenti ut rex jiivet eum versus Comitem Moritoniae de quodam placito. Et de Ix.m. argenti pro eadem conventione. In thesauro xvj.li. et j.m. argenti. Et debet Iv.m. argenti. Et j.m. auri.
De firma terrce Eogeri de Molbrai. Et in liberatione j. militis et x. servientumet janitoris etvigilii de Castello de Burtona de Lanesdala xxj.li. et v.s. et x.d.
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 31 HENRY L (MICH. 1129-MICII. 1130).
The Great Eoll of the Exchequer, otherwise called the " Pipe Eoll," contains the annual accounts of the revenues of the crown, arranged under the heads of the several counties or honors, for the purpose of cliarging and discharging the Sheriffs and other persons rendering accounts of the revenues of the royal estates and other sources of revenue, such as fines, amercements, profits of lands, tenements, goods or chattels seized into the hands of the crown, wardships, marriages, reliefs and various other casual profits.
At this time Stephen, Count of Mortain and Boulogne, was lord of the Honor of Lancaster, by grant from King Henry ; the crown had therefore no certain revenue from this source. At a later period, when the honor came into the hands of the crown, the accounts of the revenue, both certain and casual, were yearly rendered by the Sheriff of the honor, at the annual Michaelmas audit at the Exchequer, when he obtained his discharge for all payments made on behalf of the crown.
For a long period " Lancaster " was not recognized as a county ; and for some years the account of the ferm of the honor was rendered by the Sheriff of Northumberland, Lancaster being generally incorporated with that county, occasionally with York- shire, and once with Buckinghamshire. Gradually the county proper was distinguished from the rest of the honor, by the terms
ROLL OF 31 HENRY L (1129-1130). 3
" infra comitatum " or " infra liniam." The full status of a county appears to have been attained in 1194, when King Eichard took the Honor and County into his own hands and ejected his brother John, Count of Mortain.
In this EoU, Bertram de Buhner, Sheriff of Yorkshire, renders account of several sums of money due to the Treasury for concords made by certain persons, who were either Count Stephen's thanes or tenants by serjeanty of land " between Eibble and Mersey," upon a dispute between them and the Count, which had possibly been heard and determined in the Curia Eegis. The names of two, Eoger, son of Eavenkill and Ughtred, son of Edmund, occur among the names of thirty freemen, who viewed the boundary of Furness Fells some years later, upon the settlement of a dispute as to the division of Furness Fells between the abbot and monks of Furness and William de Lancaster.
William Maltravers owes a thousand marks of silver and one hundred pounds to the Treasury, or to whomsoever the King might direct payment to be made, for the widow of Hugh de Laval and the lands of the said Hugh, during the term of fifteen years, and then to have the benefit of her dowry and marriage. This was the fief of Pontefract and Clitheroe, which Henry I had bestowed upon Hugh de Laval, after Eobert de Lacy's forfeiture in 1108. Upon the death of Hugh, about this time, the King granted this estate to William Maltravers, named above. In the year 1135 he was assassinated at Pontefract by a knight called Paganus, and having taken the cowl, died three days afterwards. That King Stephen restored the Honors of Pontefract and Clitheroe to Ilbert de Lacy, is proved by a charter of pardon granted by the King to the men of Ilbert de Lacy, of all forfeitures made after the death of King Henry until the King's coronation, and par- ticularly for the murder of William Maltravers. This suggests that Ilbert had taken violent steps to recover his father's English fiefs after King Henry's death.
Eobert Grelley, lord of Manchester, had been engaged in a suit with Count Stephen, concerning lands in his Lincolnshire fief. He had promised the King 20 marks for his assistance against Count Stephen, and had presumably obtained a favourable judgment, which cost him 60 marks more. He paid £16 135. M. on account, to the Treasury by the Sheriff of Lincolnshire, and at Michaelmas, 1130, owed the balance of £36 13s. 4:d. and one mark of gold.
B 2
4 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
Eoger de Mowbray, heir to his father Nigel de Albini, was in ward to the King, and during his minority his estates were in the King's hands. Out of the issues of these estates for the year, the Sheriff of Yorkshire claimed allowance of £21 55. lOd. for the payment of one knight, ten serving men, one porter and one watchman, keeping the castle of Burton-in -Lonsdale, which then and long after was the caijut of the Mowbray Fee in Ewecross Wapentake.
Geoffrey de Clinton, the celebrated justiciar, had been in eyre in the year 1129 in many counties, including Yorkshire, and with his colleagues had held the fanxous " Assize of Blythe." The drenghs of Eobert de Mowbray's demesne lands had been amerced for various offences and defaults ; they were afterwards granted remission of £4 IBs. of the total fines set upon them. Eoger de Mowbray himself owed 100 marks ; he had paid 30 marks into the Treasury, was pardoned the sum of 40 marks by the King's writ and £7 15s. more, due from his demesne manors, and still owed the balance of £12 5s.
MAG. EOT. PIP., 8 HENEY II. (1161-1162). (EOLL No. 8. m. 12.) EverwicJiescira. Idem vicecomes [Bertram de Bulemer] reddit Compotum de Danegeldo. In thesauro c.li. et xxx.s.
Et in perdonis per breve Eegis : [mter alia] Et Monachis de Sallea vj.s. et ix.d. . . Et in Dominiis Comitis de Warenna de Lancastra xj.li. et xvij.s. et v.d. Et inter Tinam et Tesani viij.li. et viij.s. Summa xxxiij.li. et xiij.s. et x.d.
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 8 HENRY IL (MICH. 1161-MICH. 1162).
Early in December, 1140, when King Stephen was in Lincoln- shire antagonizing the Empress Matilda, he granted by charter to Eanulph de Gernons, Earl of Chester, among other extensive possessions, all the land of Eoger the Poictevin from Northampton to Scotland — except the land of Eoger de Montbegon in Lincoln- shire— the Honor of Lancaster, and the land between Eibble and Mersey. By virtue of this grant Earl Eanulf shortly after granted several charters of confirmation to religious houses in Lancashire.
Henry, Duke of Normandy, son of the Empress Matilda, had been elected sovereign at Winchester on April 8th, 1141. AYhen, on
IIOLL OF 8 HEIsKY II. (11(31-1102). 5
January 6tli, 1153, he invaded England in pursuit of his claim to the crown, he deemed it expedient that there should be an under- standing between himself and the most powerful subject in the realm, the Earl of Chester. The result of negotiations between them was the Treaty of Devizes, confirmed by a charter dated circa March 1st, 1153, whereby the Duke confirmed large posses- sions both in England and Normandy to Earl Eaimlf, and further- more ^ave and f>Tanted to him the whole honor of Count Rooer the Poitevin, wherever the Earl had aughc thereof. The Earl is generally supposed to have been poisoned soon afterwards, by William Peverel of Nottingham; for when, in November, 1153, the peace of Wallingford was concluded betw^een King Stephen and the Duke, a charter of agreement was made between them, whereby, inter alia, it was provided that William, the King's youngest son, Earl of Warren and Surrey in right of his wife, having done homage and fealty to Duke Henry, thereby re- nouncing any title he might have to the throne of England, should receive, by grant from the Duke, whatsoever in England and Normandy the King held before he attained to the crown, that is to say, the Counties of Mortain and Boulogne, and the Honor of Lancaster.
In Bertram de Buhner's account of the Danegeld of Yorkshire, among the contributions pardoned to various abbeys and indi- viduals, occurs the sum of £11 17s. bd. upon the Earl of Warren's demesne lands of Lancaster, i.e., of the Honor of Lancaster. The amount shows that the Earl held 118| geldable hides of land in demesne in that honor, the levy being at the rate of 2s. the hide
In July, August, and September, 1159, King Henry was besieging Toulouse, but circa September 26th, he broke up the siege. In the retreat died Earl Warren. Soon after whose death, c. 1159-1162, King Henry granted by charter to the bedesmen of Montmorel, in the diocese of Avranches, for the soul of the Count whose body was buried there, ten marcates of land in Ickleton, County Cambridge, which Turold de Boreham, the late Count's Seneschal, apportioned by the order of Reginald de Warren.
In the year 1163 his widov/, Isabel, married Hameline Plantagenet, natural son of Geoffrey Plantagenet, Earl of Anjou, and jure uxoris, fifth Earl of Warren and Surrey. The Pipe Roll for the 10 Henry II (1163-1164) records the payment of £41 10s. 86^. out of the Perm of London and Middlesex, for cloth (pannus) for the Countess of Warren, doubtless for her trousseau.
6 THE LANCASnniE PIPE ROLLS.
MAG. EOT. PIP., 11 HENEY 11. (1164-1165). (EoLL ISTo. 11. m. 11, in dorso.)
Uverwichescira. Lanccbstre.
Gaufridus de Yaloniis reddit Compotum de firma de Lancastra de cc.li. In thesaiiro liberavit in ij. tallis. Et Quietus est.
Idem reddit Compotum de lii.li. et xvj.s. et viij.d. de Exercitu Walise. In tbesauro xxxiiij.li. et iij.s. et iiij.d.
Et in perdonis per breve Eegis x. militum qui fuerunt in Exercitu cum rege x. marcae. Et Eicardo Pincernse viij. marcse. Et Henrico de Laci v. marcae. Et debet v, marcas. Et Idem reddit Compotum de Eodem debito. In tbesauro xl.s. per Comitem Hugonem, pro Ernaldo Eufo. Et debet ij. marcas.
NOTES ON THE PIPE KOLL OF 11 HENRY II. (MICH. 1164-MICH. 1165).
The history of the honor, between the death of the Earl of Warren, and Michaehnas, 1164, is obscure; that it cannot have been in the King's hands, is clear from the silence of the Pipe Eolls for those years. It is therefore possible that it was held by tlie Countess Isabel, until her marriage with Earl Hammeline, and tbat the King thereupon took it into his own hands, restoring instead the County of Norfolk and the Honor of Pevensey, which he had seized after the death of William, Earl of Warren.
The Perm of the Honor of Lancaster amounted to the sum of £200 numcro, i.e., reckoned by tale, and not dealbated or pure {blanche) money. This sum was an estimate of the revenue which might be expected to arise from the King's demesne lands, thane- lands, and other territories parcel of the honor. It consisted of various sums apportioned on each item of the royal estate, some of which are revealed in the Testa de Nevil : for instance, £5 was yearly due from the town of Nottingham, and a like sum from the town of Derby, £13 from lands in Navenby, about £50 from the thane-lands of Lancashire. Many other items are revealed by the Pipe Eolls, when the King made grants out of his royal estate, for which the Sheriff claimed allowance. This sum of £200 the Sheriff stipulated to pay to the Treasury, in two sums : £80, due at Easter, and £120, due at Michaelmas eacli year ; any deficiency was carried over to the following year, as a debt against him, but allowance was made for all the payments which he had made during the year, by virtue of the King's writ or mandate
ROLL OF 11 HENRY II. (1164-1165). 7
(breve Regis). The county ferm, or ferm of the honor, was always kept distinct from otlier details of casual or extraordinary revenue, and invariably appears first on the Pipe Koll. The extraordinary revenue varied greatly from year to year. It arose from eschaeted lands, felons' goods and chattels, from aids and scutages, confir- mations of charters, writs of right to take action at law, offerings made for the King's pardon or good will, or for the privilege of being heard before the King in the Curia Regis, the fines and amerciaments accruing from eyres of the Justices or forest eyres, and so forth.
"Lancastra" appears this year under the heading of Yorkshire. Geoffrey de Valoines, a younger brother of Peter de Valoines, who held a large fief in the Counties of Hertfordshire, Norfolk, Suffolk, and Essex, was the Sheriff of the honor this year. He paid the ferm into the Treasury without deduction, a somewhat unusual occurrence and one which suggests that tlie ferm had recently been fixed at tlie sum of £200. Certain entries in after years, point to the fact that he had acted as Seneschal of the honor to William de Warren. He held Brocton in County Leicester by grant from Albert Bussel and Farleton, and Cantsfield by grant from Adam de Montbegon.
During the months of June and July, 1165, King Henry had
been making preparations for a renewed attack upon Wales, of
which there is ample evidence in the Pipe Polls of this year.
According to Alexander de Swereford, a third scutage for the army
in Wales had been levied in the eighth year of Henry 11. The
references in the present Poll probably refer to that scutage, but
the sum accounted for (£52 I65. Sd.) was too large to represent the
levy at the rate of 1 mark on each knight's fee, and probably
included sums of money received from other individuals or
corporate bodies by way of gift {donum). Several of the King's
teiiants-in-chief had been with him in the army in Wales, and
having performed military service were excused their quota by the
King's writ. The following allowances were made to the Sheriff on
this account, viz., 10 marks to ten knights who had been in the army
with the King ; 8 marks to Pichard le Boteler of Warrington, for
eight knight's fees held by him ; 5 marks to Henry de Lacy for
his fee of Clitheroe for five knight's fees ; leaving a balance due of
5 marks, which was later reduced to 2 marks by the receipt of 40-«?.
by the hands of Hugh Bigod, Earl of Norfolk, on account of three
fees held by Arnald le Pos {Ivufas) in Sussex, which this family
held under the s.dd Earl.
8 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
In the early part of the year 1166, at the second Council of Clarendon, the King's writ was issued to all the barons and tenants- in-chief throughout the kingdom, requiring them to certify the number of knights' fees lield " de veteri feoffamento," i.e., those of which the tenants had been enfeoffed before the death of Henry I, the number and names of the tenants " de novo feoffamento," i.e.^ those who had been enfeoffed subsequent to that date, and the number of knights' fees which they held in demesne ; so that " if there were any who had not yet done allegiance to the King, and whose names were not yet entered on the King's roll, they should do such allegiance before tlie first Sunday in Lent," upon which day, being the 13th March that year, the writ was returnable. The Liber Niger and the Liber Rubeus of the Exchequer, which contain the various schedules returned in obedience to the King's precepts, do not appear to contain any return from the tenants-in- chief of the Honor of Lancaster.^ However, the following list of knights' fees of the Honor of Lancaster, held by tenants "infra comitatum " is probably correct for this period : —
Albert Grelley for the barony of Manchester ... 5|- fees. Henry de Lacy „ „ Clitheroe ... 5 „
Eichard fitz Eustace, Constable of Chester, for
the barony of Widnes ... ... ... ... 4 „
Albert Bussel for the barony of Penwortham ... 3 „ Richard le Boteler in right of his wife Beatrix,
dau. and heir of Matthew de Vilars, for the
barony of Warrington ... ... ... ... 2 „
Adam de Montbegon for his fee in Tottington
and Bury ... ... ... ... ... 2 „
Robert Banastre for his fee in Makerfield ... 1 fee. William de Lancaster for his fee in Warton and
Garstang ... ... ... ... ... 1 „
Adam de Molyneux for the fee of Sefton Richard, son of Roger, for his fee in Bryning, &c. Adam de Middleton for his fee in Middleton . .
1
2
I
4
1
14
* The Honor of Lancaster being a crown estate, the King would not make a return of the fees held of that honor.
ROLL OF 12 HENRY IL (11G5-1166). 9
MAG. EOT. PIP., 12 HENKY II. (1165-1166). (KoLL No. 12. m. 2, in dor so.)
Bucliingehamscira. Lancastra.
Gaufridus de Valoniis reddit Oompotum de cc.li. de firma de Lancastra. In thesauro liberavit in ij. tallis. Et Quietus est.
Hugo Plucher et Leon de Malniuers reddunt Compotum de ij. marcis de Exercitu, qui requirebantur in Honore de Lancastra. In thesauro liberaverunt. Et Quietus est {sic).
Walterus de Tolusa reddit Compotum de iiij.li. et xj.s. pro Catallis suis habendis, qui requirebantur in Euerwicscira. In thesauro liberavit. Et Quietus est.
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 12 HENKY II. (mICH. 1165-MICH. 1166).
Lancastra appears this year under Buckinghamshire.
Geoffrey de Valoines vacated the office of Sheriff of the honor at ]\] ichaelmas, and rendered his account of the ferm of Lancaster for the past year. He paid £200 into the Treasury by two tallies, one for the Easter ferm of £80, and the other for the Michaelmas ferm of £120, and was quit.
A balance of 2 marks had remained due, on account of the scutaofe, from the last account. Huo-h Plucher and Leon de Malnvers pay this sum into the Treasury. This fee was the Manor of Holme, now Holme- Pierrepont, in the southern division of the Wapentake of Bingham, County Notts, and was part of the Domes- day fief of Koger de Busli, but it had passed either by eschaet and re-grant, or otherwise, to Leon de Malnvers, and was held as of the Honor of Lancaster.
Walter de Toulouse paid £4 lis. to have restitution of his cattle. It was the balance of the sum of 100s. which he had offered for a writ of right to sue in the Curia Eegis for the recovery of his cattle, which had probably been seized for some transgres- sion. He had previously paid 95., as accounted for on the Pipe Roll of the previous year, under Yorkshire. The entry has no reference to Lancaster.
10 THE LANCASHIKE PIPE ROLLS.
MAG. ROT. Fir., 13 HENRY XL (1166-1167). (Roll N"o. 13. m. 10, in dor so.)
NorJiumherland. Layicastra.
Willelmus de Vesci reddit Compotum de cc.li. de Honore de Lancastra. In thesauro c. et quater xx. et xiiij.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.d.
Et Johanni Maleducto et Willelmo filio IMartini c. et vj.s. et viij.d. per breve Comitis Legrecestrice, qiiando iverunt ad Laii- castram in servicio Regis. Et Quietus est.
^^OTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 13 HENRY IL (MICH. 1166-MICH. 1167).
William de Vesci, Sheriff of aSTortliumberland from Michaelmas, 1157, to Easter, 1170, had taken the place of Geoffrey de Valoines as Sheriff of Lancaster, after Michaelmas the previous year. He was the son and heir of Eustace fitz John, Lord of Knaresborough, who had fallen in the ambuscade of Welshmen at Counsylth, near Basingwerk, in July, 1157, when King Henry was invading North Wales. His mother, Beatrix, was the daughter and heir of Yvo de Vesci, Baron of Malton and Alnwick ; William de Vesci was therefore the half-brother of Richard fitz Eustace, Constable of Chester and Baron of Halton and Widnes.
He paid £194 135. 4id. into the Exchequer and claimed allow- ance for the balance, £5 Q>s. 8d., whicli he had paid by authority of a writ received from the Earl of Leicester, then Chief Justice of England, to John Mauduit and William fitz Martin when they went to Lancaster on the King's service. In the year 1166, nearly every county in England was visited by Justices-in-Eyre, and it was doubtless in this capacity, that John Mauduit and William fitz Martin had visited Lancaster. The former undoubt- edly acted occasionally as Justiciar for the King, and was pro- bably connected with the Mauduits, who for two genf^rations filled the post of Chamberlain to Kings Henry I and Henry 1 1.
ROLL OF 14 HENRY IL (1167-1 16S). 11
MAG. EOT. PIR, 14 HENKY II. (1167-1168).
(EoLL No. 14. m. 22, in dor so.)
Norhiiiiiibreland.
Lancastra.
Idem Yicecomes [Willielmus de Vesci] reddit Compotum de
cc.li. de Honore de Lancastra. In thesauro c. et quater xx.li. et
xxj.s. ex iiij.d.
Et in Operatione Novi Castelli super Tinam xviij.li. et xviij.s. et viij.d. Et Quietus est.
Summa denariorum quos Vicecomes misit in Operatione Castelloram de Baenburc et Novi Castelli super Tinam, de firma Comitatus et de firma de Lancastra et de Placitis et Conven- tionibus : clj.li. per breve Eicardi de Luci et per visum Eoberti de Stutevilla et Eo2;eri filii Eicardi.
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 14 PIENRY IL (MICH. 1167-MlCH. 1168).
William de Vesci, the Sheriff of Northumberland, still con- tinues to render the account of the ferm of Lanca.yter,^ and had paid the sum of £181 Is. 4,d. into the Treasury. The balance, £18 18s. M., for which he claims allowance, had been expended in work upon the new Castle upon Tyne. About July, 1157, Malcolm, King of Scots, had surrendered Bamboroiigh, the new Castle upon Tyne, and Carlisle Castle, to King Henry, and had done homage to him at Chester. Thereupon the King had given orders that these Castles should be strengthened and put into a fit state of defence, and during the two years ending at Michaelmas, 1168, work had been executed upon the Castles of Bamborough and Newcastle-upon-Tyne to the value of £151, under the superinten- dence and oversight of Eobert de Stutevill, afterwards Sheriff of Yorkshire, and Eoger fitz Eichard of Warkworth. King Henry had fortified the Castle of " Were " or Warkworth in the year 1158. The writ to direct the Sheriff to execute the work was issued by Eichard de Lucy, who had been Justiciar since King Henry's coronation. The sum expended had been met partly out of the ferm ©f the County of Northumberland and that of the Honor of Lancaster, and partly out of revenue which resulted from the Eyre of the Justices in 1166, but the detailed account of these receipts does not appear upon the Pipe Eolls for the years 1167 and 1168.
^ At the back of this rotulet at the foot, is the endorsement " Lancasire," but in a later hand tLan that of the roll itself.
12 THE LAKCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
MAG. EOT. PIP., 15 HENEY XL (1168-1169). (EoLL No. 15. m. 18, in dor so.) Norhumhreland, Lancastra.
Idem Vicecomes [Willielmus de Yesci] reddit Compotum de cc.li. de Honore de Lancastra. In thesauro c. et quater xx. et vj.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.d.
Et in terris datis Willelmo de Yaleinis x.li. in Culfou. Et debet v. marcas.
De Auxilio ad maritandam filiam Regis.
Idem Yicecomes reddit Compotum de ij. marcis et dimidia de auxilio de Curtmel. In thesauro liberavit in ij. tallis.
Et Quietus est.
Homines de Sauford reddunt Compotum de xiiij.li. et x.s. de eodem auxilio. In thesauro liberaverunt in xxij. tallis.
Et Quieti sunt.
Eobertus filius Henrici reddit Compotum de x. marcis de eodem auxilio. In thesauro v. marcse. Et debet v. marcas.
Idem vicecomes reddit Compotum de x.li. de auxilio de Prestona et de Schingeltona et de Eigbi et de Presoura et de Estona. In thesauro liberavit in viij. tallis. Et Quietus est.
Uctredus de Schingeltona reddit Compotum de xx.li. de eodem auxilio. In thesauro viij.li. et vj.s. et viij.d. Et debet xj.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.d.
Idem vicecomes reddit Compotum de xj.li. et iij.s. et iiij.d. de auxilio de Derbi cum pertinentiis suis. In thesauro liberavit in xix. tallis. Et Quietus est.
Idem vicecomes reddit Compotum de xxvj.li. et xiijs. et iiij.d. de auxilio Yillarum in Lonesdele Wapentachio. In thesauro liber- avit in XV. tallis. Et Quietus est.
Warinus serviens debet ij. marcas.
Adam filius Bernulfi reddit Compotum de xx. marcis de eodem auxilio. In thesauro xxiiij.s. et viij.d. Et debet xij.li. et ij.s.
Orm de Hedoc reddit Compotum de x. marcis de eodem auxilio. In thesauro xiij s. et iiij.d. Et debet vj.li.
Idem vicecomes reddit Compotum de xxviij.li. de auxilio de Machesfeld Wapentachio et de Lonesdale Wapentachio. In thes- auro liberavit in x. tallis. Et Quietus est.
Idem vicecomes reddit Compotum de ij. marcis de auxilio de Crokeston in Legrecestriescira. In thesauro liberavit.
Et Quietus est.
KOLL OF 15 HENRY II. (1168-1169). 13
Idem vicecomes reddit Compotum de Ixvj.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.d. de Communi Assisa Comitatus de Lancastra, pro defaltis et miseri- cordiis. In thesauro Ixj.li. et viij.d. Et debet c. et xij.s. et viij.d.
Everwicscira, De auxilio ad maritandam filiam Regis, [inter edict] Henricus de Laci debet xiij.li. et vij.s. et vj.d. de novo feoffamento.
Nova placita et novce conventioncs. Eicardus de Eiie r. C. de v.m. pro festinando jure suo contra Michaelem de Farneis. In tli'ro. xj.s. Et deb. Iv.s. et viij.d.
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 15 HENRY II. (MICH. 1168-MICH. 1169).
Lancaster again occurs under Northumberland on the Pipe Eoll of this year.
The Sheriff, William de Vesci, renders his account of the ferm of the honor, and having paid £186 135. 4d into the Treasury, claims allowance for ten librates of land, which King Henry had given to William de Valoines in Culpho, in co. Suffolk, before Michaelmas, 1168. This grant diminished the ferm of the honor by the sum of £10, and for the future the Sheriff yearly claims allowance of this sum. These ten librates of land in Culpho were held by military service of the Honor of Lancaster, by the service of half a knight's fee, and were part of the Domes- day fief of Eoger of Poictou, in Sussex. William de Valoines afterwards gave the church of Culj)lio to the Abbey of Ley stone, founded circa 1182 by Eanulf de Glanvill.
The Sheriff owes upon balance the sum of 5 marks, which was carried forward to the next year's account, as a debt due from him.
In the year 1166, King Henry had negotiated a marriage for his eldest daughter Matilda with Henry, the Lion Duke of Saxony, and in the present year, 1168-9, the aid {auxilium) on the said marriage was collected by the Sheriffs throughout England, upon the basis of 2 marks from each knight's fee, and in the case of the crown lands, probably a sum assessed upon each town- ship ; but there is no return of any contribution from the tenants by knights' service of the Honor of Lancaster.
Cartmel contributed 2-^ marks in 2 tallies.
The men of Salford £14 lOs. in 22 tallies.
Eobert, son of Henry, ancestor of the Lathom family, contributed 10 marks.
14 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
Preston, Singleton, Eibby, Preesall and Asliton, all in Amoun- derness, contributed £10 in 8 tallies.
Ughtred de Singleton, sometimes called Ughtred son of Huck, rendered an account of £20, which may have been assessed upon the remainder of the royal estate in Amounderness. He paid £8 Qs. Sd. on account, and owed £11 13s. 4cd.
The Hundred of AVest Derby with its members contributed £11 3s. 4:d. in 19 tallies.
The towns in Lonsdale Wapentake contributed £26 13s. Ad. in
15 tallies.
Warin serviens or serjeant contributed 2 marks.
Adam son of Bernulf [de Kellet], a tenant of Michael [le Fleming] de Furness in Urswick, rendered an account of 20 marks. He paid 24s. 8d. on account, and owed £12 2s.
Orm de Haydock, probably the father of Alured of Ince, in Wigan parish, rendered an account of 10 marks. He paid 13s. 4td. and owed £6.
The Wapentakes of Makerfield and Lonsdale contributed £28 in 10 tallies.
Croxton, in Leicestershire, contributed 2 marks. William, Count of Boulogne, had been a benefactor to the Abbey of Croxton and had endowed it witli lands there. There are good grounds for supposing that he was the founder of the abbey, for Willielmus Portarius, the reputed founder, did not obtain a footing here until some years later.
The Sheriff renders an account of £66 13?. M. (100 marks), arising from a general Assize of the County of Lancaster, for defaults and amercements, whereby it appears that this sum was not the result of an Eyre of the Justices, but was a composition or general fine, assessed by competent persons, to discharge the county from liability on account of various negligences, purpres- tures and trespasses within the widely extended forest lands of Lancaster. The Sheriff paid £61 Os. 8^?. into the Exchequer and owed £5 12s. Sd. on balance.
YORKSHIllE PIPE llOLL.
Henry de Lacy, Lord of Pontefract, contributed a sum to the Aid, based upon the number of knights' fees of new feoffment which he possessed.
Kichard de Eos (?) had offered 5 marks that his suit against Michael de Furness might be expedited. He paid lis. on account.
ROLL OF 16 HENRY 11. (1169-1170). 15
MAG. EOT. PIR, 16 HENKY II. (1169-1170).
(KoLL No. 16. m. 6, in dor so.)
Norhumhreland. vj^ Lancastra,
Kogerus de Herleberga reddit Compotum de c. et xx.li. de firma Honoris de Lancastra de dimidio anno de termino Sancti Michaelis. In thesauro c.li. et c.s.
Et in terris Datis Willelmo de Valeinis c.s. de dimidio anno. Et debet x.li.
Willelmus de Vesci reddit Compotum de quater xx.li. de dimidio anno de termino Pasch?e. In thesauro Ixxv.li. Et in Terris Datis Willelmo de Valeinis c.s. de dimidio anno.
Et Quietus est.
Idem Willelmus de Vesci reddit Compotum de v. marcis de veteri firma ejusdem Honoris. In thesauro liberavit.
Et Quietus est.
De Auxilio ad Maritandam filiam Regis.
Kobertus filius Henrici reddit Compotum de v. marcis de eodem auxilio. In thesauro liberavit. Et Quietus est.
Uchtredus de Schingeltona debet xj.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.d. de eodem auxilio.
Warinus serviens reddit Compotum de ij.m. de eodem auxilio. In thesauro liberavit. Et Quietus est.
Adam filius Bernulfi reddit Compotum de xij.li. et ij.s. de eodem auxilio. In thesauro xiij.s. Et debet x.li.
Orm de Heddoch reddit Compotum de vj.li. de eodem auxilio. In thesauro xl.s. Et debet iiij.li.
Idem vicecomes debet c. et xij.s. et viij.d. de Communi assisa Comitatus de Lancastra pro defaltis et Misericordiis.
Debita Legis de eodem Ilonore a tempore Gcdfridi de Valoniis,
per Breve Johannis Maldocti et Willelmi filii Martini, et
Rescriptum Willelmi de Vesci.
Michaelis de Furneis debet xx.li. de firma terr?e suae, per
plegium Eicardi pincernce de x. marcis et Hugonis Norman de c.s.
et Eicardi de Winequic de c.s.
Albertus I>uissel debet xviij. marcas et dimidiam. Adam de Munbegun debet Ixxv. marcas. Eobertus filius Willelmi debet xxxv, marcas pro pace Eegis habenda, per plegium Willelmi de
16 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
Lancastra de v. marcis et Gospatri filii Orm de v. marcis et Willelmi de Vesci de x. marcis et Michaelis de Furnes de v. marcis et Kogeri filii EauenkiF de v. marcis et Adam filii Helye de V. marcis.
De Placitis Alani de Nevilla.
Totus Comitatus de Lancastra debet cc, marcas ut visits fores tse poneretur in respectum usque ad aliam reguardam forestae.
Kicardus de Winequich debet xl. marcas pro catallis Willelmi de Neuilla, quae ipse cepit super defensionem Kegis et non defendit hoc in placito coram Justiciariis Eegis.
Eicardus de Moreuilla debet cc. marcas pro recto habendo de terra quam clamat cum filia Willelmi de Lancastra.
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 16 HENRY IL (mICH. 1169-MICH. 1170).
At a great Court held in London at Easter, the Sheriff's throughout the country were removed from office by the King and a commission of enquiry issued to the Barons, whereby they were directed to take the oaths of all the Barons, Knights, and Freeholders of each county and to receive their evidence, as to the receipts of the Sheriffs and their servants, and all other special administra- tors of the royal demesne, to ascertain if the Sheriffs had justly enforced the Assize of Clarendon and had honestly collected the aid to marry the King's daughter, the profits of the forests and other sources of royal income. The Sheriffs were afterwards acquitted, but none were replaced in their former office, and a blow was struck at the local influence of the feudal lords by the appointment of many officers of the Exchequer and Curia Eegis to the vacant Magistracies.
William de Vesci quitted office as Sheriff of Lancaster as also of Northumberland, at Easter 1170, consequently he answers for the ferm of £80 only, due at the Easter Term. He paid £75 into the Treasury, took credit for 100s. as the half-year's allowance for 10 librates of land recently granted to William de Valoines, and paid the arrears of 5 marks which had been brought over to his debit from the previous year's account of the ferm of the honor, and so he was quit.
Eoger de Herleberg was his successor in office. He rendered his account of the ferm of £120 for the half-year ending at Michaelmas, paying £105 into the Treasury, taking credit for £5 on account of the before-mentioned grant, and owed upon balance the sum of £10
LOLL OF 16 HENllY IL (1169-1170). l7
The arrears carried over from the previous year, and remaining due on account of the aid to marry the King's daughter, are duly set out, the payments credited and the balances again carried forward.
Eeference to the visit of John Mauduit and William fitz Martin to Lancaster on the King's business, occurred upon the Eoll for the 13 Henry II. That visit was probably in connection with the assessment of the aid ;pur fille marier and probably included an enquiry into the administration of the royal forests of Lancaster, which covered a vast tract of country, more particularly in the Hundred of Lonsdale, where the forest precincts included many townships and extended almost to the very walls of Lancaster ('astle. To fell timber, to convert pasture or waste into arable, to make any kind of enclosure, to erect edifices or dispose of the same witliin this territory, were offences against the oppressive Forest laws ; but notwithstanding the wild and inaccessible nature of the country, there had undoubtedly been a gradual re-settlement of the townships devastated after the Norman invasion and a considerable growth of population within the area described as Eorest. The extension of the cultivated area and the erection of houses w\as tlie result, and although illegal, had been tacitly permitted all over the county by the Sheriff and Crown officers. But the reign of Henry II produced a greatly improved organization and adminis- tration of the laws throughout the country, and while eager to check the excesses and curtail the pow"er of the feudatories, the King eagerly sought to swxll the royal income by placing the control of the counties and the royal estates in the hands of officers of the Exchequer and Curia Eegis, as Sheriffs, and organizing a regular and effective eyre of the Justices throughout the realm.
The present roll bears witness to a stricter policy of adminis- tration. Sundry debts due to the King since the time when Geoffrey deValoines became Sheriff in 1164, were brought to light and certified by the writ of John Mauduit and William fitz Martin and by the report of the late Sheriff.
Michael de Furness held 20| carucates of land in Furness for a yearly rent of £10. He was in arrears to the extent of two years' rent, and now finds the requisite sureties for payment, viz., Eichard le Boteler for 10 marks, Hugh Norman (or Norris) for 100s., and Eichard de Win wick for 100s.
Albert Bussel, lord of Penwortham, owes 18J marks.
Adam de Montbegon, lord of Hornby and of the fee of Middleton and Bury, owes 75 marks.
c
18 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
Circa, September, 1157, the King, at Woodstock, confirmed an agreement made between William fitz Gilbert and the monks of Furness. There are seveial Lancashire men among the witnesses, and also Geoffrey de Valoines, who may at that time have occupied the position of Seneschal of Lancaster to William Count of Boulogne.
It is not improbable that the debts above referred to, had remained from the time when the said Count was in possession of the Honor of Lancaster. If the debts due from Albert Bussel and Adam de Montbegon remained due on account of their reliefs, we should get 1155-1159 as the approximate date of the death of their predecessors, viz., Eichard Bussel, the elder brother of Albert, and Eoger de JMontbegon, father of Adam named in this Boll. Piichard Bussel \vas a benefactor to the Abbey of Croxton.
Bobert, son of William (see p. 25), owes 35 marks for the King's pardon and finds sureties for payment, viz., William de Lancaster for 5 marks, Gospatric the son of Orm (ancestor of the Curwens of AVorkington and cousin to William de Lancaster) for 5 marks, William de Vesci (Baron of JMalton and Alnwick) for 10 marks, Michael de Burness for 5 marks, Eosjer son of Bavenkill for 5 marks, and Adam son of Helye for 5 marks.
Alan de j^evill had held Pleas of the Forest in several counties, but in the County of Lancaster none were held, an assessment or composition of 200 marks being accepted from the whole county, in order that the View of the Forest might be put in respite until another Forest Begard.^ The peculijir conditions already referred to in a previous note, rendered it advisable to compound w^ith the King's Justiciar by the payment of a large sum, rather than undergo a Begard of the Forest, and pay the penalties which would follow the disclosure of widespread trespasses before the Justices in Eyre.
Some time during the years 1189-1194, John, Earl of Mortain, granted by charter that the knights, thanes and freeholders dwelling within the forest of the Honor of Lancaster, should have licence to assart and pasture their own underwoods, and should be acquitted from the Forest Begard, and for this charter they gave
^ A Yiew of the Forest, to be taken by the Eegarders erery third year, preceded the general eyre of the Forest held by the Justiciar, and no Justice Seat or Pleas could be held until this View had been taken. All offences against the Forest laws were first tried in the Swanimote, where the rerderers were judges and the freeholders dwelling within the forest, owed suit and service; no judgment or punishmert followed there, but the presentments were placed upon a roll to be produced at the General Eyre.
KOLL OF 17 HENEY IT. (1170-1171). 19
him the sum of £500. Which charter was confirmed by King John, after his accession to the throne, and likewise by King Henry III., in the tliirteenth year of his reign.
Eichard de Winwick owes 40 marks for William de Nevill's cattle, which he seized contrary to the King's injunction, and put in no defence when impleaded before the King's Justices.
Richard de Morvill, the younger son of Simon de Morvill, lord of Burgh-on-Sands and Ishall, co. Cumberland, married Avicia, the daughter of William de Lancaster I.^ He offers the King 200 marks for a writ of right to sue for the lands whicli he claims in marriage with the said Avicia. This points to the fact that William de Lancaster I. was then dead and the action would be taken against the son, or if he was under age, against the guardians.
It does not appear what particular lands Eichard de Morvill obtained with his wife. In the year 1189-1190 he and his wife made a grant to the monks of Furness of land in Selside, co. York, held under de Mowbray, which grant was confirmed the following year by their son and heir William de Morvill.
MAG. EOT. PIP., 17 HENEY IL (1170-1171). (EOLL No. 17. m. 3, in dorso.)
Lancastra.
Eogerus de Herleberga reddit Compotum de x.li. de veteri firma de Lancastra. Eoberto Puherio et Madiho liberavit per breve Eegis. Et Quietus est.
Et Idem de cc.li. numero de Nova firma. In thesauro quater XX. et xv.ii. et xij.s. numero. Et in Terris Datis Willelmo de Valeinis x.li. in Culeforda. Et Eoberto Puherio et Madiho Ixvj.li.
' William de Lancaster I. held one knight's fee in Amounderness, Lonsdale, and Furness of the Honor of Lancaster. His Kendal fief, however, was held under Hugh de Morvill, lord of Westmorland and grantee in the year 1158 from King Henry of the Castle of Knaresborough and other estates in Yorkshire and West- morland. This Hugh, who was probably the uncle or possibly the brother of Simon de Morvill, lord of Burgh-on-Sands, was one of tl)e four knights who assassinated Thomas a Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, in the year 1170, where- upon he lost all his estates and died soon after in the Holy Land.
The whole County of Westmorland was granted to Philip de Yaloines in 1170, when he paid £30 for his relief of four knights' fees for the Barony of Appleby, and two knights' fees for the Barony of Kendal, of which latter estate Willium do Lancaster II. was mesne-tenant under him.
c 2
20 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE KOLLS.
per breve Eegis. Et in Operationibus ij. Castelloram ligneoriim mittendorum in Hybernia xiiij.li. et xj.s. per breve Eegis. Et debet xiij.li. et xvj.s. numero, qui remanserunt super terras quas Willelmus filius Walkelini et Nigellus de Greselea tenent.
De Auxilio ad Maritandam filiam Regis.
Uclitredus de Scliingeltona debet xj.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.d. de eodem auxilio. Adam filius Bernulfi debet x.li. de eodem auxilio. Orm de Heddoch' debet iiij.li. de eodem auxilio.
Idem vicecomes debet c. et xij.s. et viij.d. de Communi Assisa Comitatus de Lancastra pro defaltis et Misericordiis.
Debita Regis de eodem Honore a tempore GaJfridi de Valeinis per hreve Johannis Makhicti et Willelmi filii Martini et Re- scriptum Willelmi de Vesci.
Michaelis de Furneis debet xx.li. de firrna terra? supe per plegium Pticardi Pincernae de x. marcis, et Hugonis JSTorman de c.s. et llicardi de Winequic de c.s.
Albertus Buissel debet xviii. marcas et dimidiam. Adam de Munbeo'un debet Ixxv. marcas. Eobertus filius Willelmi debet XXXV. marcas pro pace Eegis liabenda per plegium Willelmi de Lancastra de v. marcis, et Gospatri filii Orm de v. marcis, et Willelmi de Vesci de x. marcis, et Michaelis de Furnes de v. marcis, et Eogeri filii Eauenkil de v. marcis, et Adae filii Helye de V. marcis.
De Placitis Alani de Nevilla.
Totus Comitatus de Lancastra debet cc. marcas ut visus forestae poneretur in respectum usque ad aliam reguardam forestae.
Eicardus de Winequic debet xl. marcas pro Catallis Willelmi de Nevilla quae ipse cepit super prohibitionem Eegis et hoc non negavit in placito coram Justiciariis Eegis.
Eicardus de Morevilla debet cc. marcas pro recto habendo de terra quam claniat cum filia Willelmi de Lancastra.
Everwicscira.
Eicardus de Eue debet xxvij.s. et xj.d. pro festinando jure suo contra Michaelem de Furneis.
De Placitis Alani de Nevilla Junioris et Willelmi Basset.
Abbas de Furneis reddit Compotum de ij. marcis pro fine duclli. In tli'ro lib. Et Quietus est.
ROLL OF 17 HEXRY IL (1170-1171). 21
XOTES ON THE PIPE PtOLL OF 17 HENRY IL (mICH. 1170-MICH. 1171).
The Sheriff first accounts for the sum of £10 which remained due from the previous year. He had paid it by authority of the King's writ to two officials of the Crown : Eobert Poer, afterwards the King's Marshal, and one Madihus, to whom a further sum of £QQ had been paid under the King's direction out of the current year's I'erm, doubtless in connection with the expenses of the Irish expedition. A further sum of £14 lis. has been expended upon the construction of two wooden towers to be dispatched into Ireland for siege purposes. The King sailed for Ireland from Milford Haven on October 16th, 1171, and the Pipe KoUs contain numerous references to the dispatch of stores, ships, and the Treasury for the army in Ireland.
The King had granted nine librates of land, being the Manor of Stainsby in the Hundred of Scarsdale, co. Derby, before Michael- mas, 1170, to William fitz Walkeline, for one niais hawk yearly. This grant was afterwards confiroied by King Henry in December, 1174, when he Avas at Ohivilli (Chevaillec). Stainsby was part of the Domesday fief of Eoger of Poictou.
The Sheriff also claims allowance for four librates and six- teen solidates of land in Drakelow, held by serjeanty. This is a reference to an antecedent grant for which he had previously neglected to claim allowance. Nigel de Gresley was the Domesday tenant, and his estates had been taken into the King's hands after the rebellion of Ptoger of Belesme, in 1102-3. Drakelow was afterwards restored to him, not as a military fief however, but to be held as a petit serjeanty, by the yearly render of a bow without string, a quiver, twelve arrows and a wooden chest, and at the date of this roll was held by Eobert de Gresley, grandson of Nigel. In the Domesday Survey under Derbyshire, he is called Nigel de Statford, and is returned as a tenant in capite of Drakelow. In the Staffordshire Survey, he is described as " Nigellus," being also returned as a tenant in capite of Thorpe (postea Thorpe Con- stant] ne), this being accounted for by the fact, that Eoger of Poictou's fief, (of which it was a member), had been temporarily taken into the King's hands at the time of the Survey; but Thorpe was never restored, and there is no trace of the Gresleys having after- wards held any interest in it, although it continued to remain as parcel of the Honor of Lancaster. The Survey, however, has tiie following entry respecting Thorpe : " Hanc terram calumniatur Nicolaus (de Beauchamp, the lord of Chartley and Sheriff of co.
22 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
Stafford) ad finnam Eagis de Clifton " : Clifton bsing a King's Manor adjacent to Thorpe. The claim may have been based on orders to the SherifiP to take the lands of Koger of Poictou into the King's hands, and the local jury may have misunderstood the grounds of the claim.
Under Yorkshire an entry occurs, which shows that the Abbot of Furness had been in possession of some land to which his title was disputed. He had been impleaded, and had elected to defend the suit by duel.^
MAG. EOT. PIP., 18 HEXEY 11. (1171-1172).
(EoLL No. 18. m. 9, in dor so.)
Everivicliscira. Lancastra,
Eogerus de Herleberga reddit Compotum de cc.li. numero de Pirma de Lancastra. In thesauro clxxj.li. et xiij.s. numero.
Et in Terris Datis AVillelmo de Yaleinis x.li. numero in Cule- forda. Et debet xviij.li. et vj.s. De quibus xiijMi. et xvj.s. re- manent super Willelmum hlium AYalkelini et super Nigellum de Greselea de hoc anno. Et de anno pneterito xiij.li. et xvj.s., qui remanserunt super eosdem.
Idem reddit Compotum de Ixviij.li. et xvj.s. et v.d. de Scutagio Militum Honoris de Lancastra de exercitu Hibernias de his quos
^ The form of action by wliich land could be recovered in the twelfth century, where there was no contract between the parties, or special relationship, as in the case of a widow's action for dower, or of an advowson, was as follows : — The plaintiff either sent a writ of right {hreve de redo tenendo) to the lord of whom the disputed land was held, bidding him do justice between them, or else served the tenant wdth a Prcecipe qtiod reddat, summoning him at once into the King's Court. If the plaintiff was doubtful of obtaining justice in the Lord's Court, the action could be carried into the County Court, or from thence into the Curia Regis. But a price had to be paid for licence to take action, hence the above entry. The procedure was very slow, and the action might remain in suspense for months, or even years. Ample opportunity of appearing and producing evidence was given, and an obstructive defendant might gain time by an essoin, pleading that he was ill in bed {essonia de malo lecii), or that he was stopped by floods or snow {essonia de malo veniendi). The tenant must be allowed to call to warranty the person by whose grant he claimed to hold, and he in turn might call in his warrantor. Hence long delajs, albeit that in the end this action decided the question of best right once and for ever.
At this date proceedings by wager of battle were still in force, and when the defendant happened to have a good champion, he frequently elected to defend the sait by duel, lalher than avail himself of the decision of the Courts.
EOLL OF 18 HENRY 11. (1171-1172). 23
invenire potuit. In thesaiiro Ij.li. et xvj.s. et v.d. Et in perclonis per breve Regis Randulfo de Glanvilla xx.s. Et debet xvj.li.
Uctliredus de Schingelton reddit Compotum de xviij. marcis et dimidia de Auxilio ad Maritandam Filiam Eeois. Et Adam filius Bernulfi [reddit Compotum] de x.li. de eodem auxilio. Et Orm de Heddoch [reddit Compotum] de iiij.li. de eodem auxilio. In Per- donis per breve Regis Ipsi Uchtredo xviij. marcae et dimidia. Et Ipsi Adae x.li. Et Ipsi Orm de Heddoch iiij.li., pro paupertate eorum et quia reddiderant in thesauro quum administrati fuerant.
Et Quieti sunt.
Idem Rogerus reddit Compotum de c. et xij.s. et viij.d. de Com- muni Assisa Comitatus de Lancastra. In thesauro Ixv.s. et viij.d. Et debet xlvij.s.
Michaelis de Eurneis debet xx.li. de veteri firma terra? sucT, per plegium Ricardi Pincerna? de x. marcis et Hugonis Norman de c.s. et Ricardi de Winequic de c.s.
Albertus Buissel reddit Compotum de xij.li. et vj.s. et viij.d. In thesauro liberavit. Et Quietus Est.
Adam de Munbegon reddit Compotum de Ixxv. marcis. In perdonis per breve Ricardi de Luci per breve Regis Johanni Malhe] be l.li. Et Quietus est.
Robertus filius Willelmi reddit Compotum de xxxv. marcis pro pace Regis habenda, per plegium Willelmi de Lancastra de v. marcis, et Gospatri filii Orm de v. marcis, et Willelmi de Vesci de X. marcis, et Michaelis de Furnes de v. marcis, Et Rogeri filii Ravenkil de v. marcis et Adoe filii Helie de v. marcis. In thesauro xiiij.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.d. Et in Donis per breve Regis Rogero Baconi et Henrico Pienu xl.s. Et debet vj.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.cl., qui debent requiri de Willelmo de Vesci.
De Placitis Alani de Nevilla,
Totus Comitatus de Lancastra reddit Compotum de cc. marcis ut visus Eorestte poneretur in respectum usque ad aliam reguardam Forestse. In thesauro xxviij.li. et x.s. et x.d. Et debet c. et iiij.li. et xv.s. et x.d.
Ricardus de Winequic reddit Compotum de xl. marcis pro Catallis Willelmi de Nevilla quae ipse cepit super prohibitionem Regis et hoc non negavit. In thesauro liberavit.
Et Quietus est.
Ricardus de Morevilla reddit Compotum de cc. marcis pro recto
24 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
habendo de terra quam claiiiat cum filia Willelmi de Lancastra. In tliesauro quater xx. marcae. Et debet c. et xx. marcas.
Ucthredus filius Hucce debet ij, marcas quas acceperat de Pas-
nagio.
Everwichscira.
Nova Flacita et Novm Conventiones De Scutagio Militum, qui nee ahierunt In Hyhemia luc milites nee denarios illuc miserunt.
Henricus de Laci r.c. de xliij.li. et xv.s. de Scutagio Militum de veteri feoffaraento. In thesauro xxxviij.li. Et debet c. et xv.s. Idem debet xxxj.li. et xvj.d. de JSTovo feoffamento.
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 18 HENRY IL (mICH. 1171-MIGH. 1172).
As in the account of the previous year's ferm, the Sheriff treats the thirteen librates and sixteen solidates of land granted out of the royal estate, as a debt due from the grantees, and awaits the royal confirmation of the grant before claiming allowance for this reduction in the ferm of the honor.
This year a Scutage of 20s. on each knight's fee was levied for the war in Ireland. The Slieriff answers for £68 16«. ^d. for the scutage of sixty-eight fees, a half, a quarter, and the fourteenth part of a knight's fee, of those held of the Honor of Lancaster, which he had been able to find. He paid into the Exchequer the Sinn liue from fifty one knights' fees, a half, a quarter, and tlie fourteenth part of a knight's fee. Eanulf de Glanvill, the JuK^Jiciar, v/as excused his quota from one knight's fee in Thorpe Bussel, CO- Suffolk, which Albert (?) Bussel had given to Gutha (Edith ?), sister of the said Kanulph, in dower. It descended to Eanulf de Glauvill's daughter Aniabil, who married Ealph de Ardern, who afterwards enfeoffed Eo2,er de Muriell in this fee. It had been part of the Domesday fief of Eoger of Poictou. The Sheriff had still to account for the quota due i'rom sixteen fees.
The Kin" excuses U2;htred de SinHeton, Adam son of Bernulf, and Orm de Haydock, the arrears due from them for the aid pur fille marier, which had been carried over yearly since 1169, on account of their poverty and because they had paid into the Exchequer what tiiey could, when they were in charge of the collection of the aid.
Several payments have been recently made on account of arrears previously noted. The reference to Adam de Montbegon's debt of 75 marks, which was apparently excused by Eichard de
ROLL OF 21 HENRY IL (1174-1175). 25
Lucy's writ, is not very intelligible, except on tlie supposition that this sum had been paid to John Malherbe by the authority of the King's writ, and that the Sheriff's responsibility in the matter had thereby terminated.
Eobert, son of William, had liquidated 25 marks of his arrears by a payment of 22 marks to tlie Exchequer and 3 marks by the King's authority paid to Eoger Bacon and Henry Pienu. The balance, 10 marks, was to be recovered from William de Vesci, the recently suspended Sheriff of the honor.
Ughtred, son of Huck, whom I take to be the same individual previously described as Ughtred de Singleton, owes 2 marks which he had charged for the pannage of swine of the tenants in Single- ton.
Under Yorkshire an entry discloses the number of knights' fees held by Henry de Lacy of his fee of Pontefract, and upon which his Scutage in lieu of knight's service in the campaign in Ireland was assessed. He had forty-four and three-quarter fees " de veteri feoffamento " and tldrty-one fees and the fifteenth part of a fee " de novo feoffamento." The essence of the King's enquiry in 1166 as to knight's service lay in the fact that although the crown knew the amount of service due from each fief, as it had existed for a long period before 1166, it did not know the number of milites actually enfeoffed by each baron and his predecessors down to that date, with the number of servitia due from each sucli miles to the baron. As a result of the return of 1166, there was a large increase in the incidence of scutage ; in the case of Henry de Lacy's Yorkshire fief amounting to nearly 70 per cent.
MAG. ROT. PIP., 21 HENRY IL (1174-1175).
(Roll No. 21. m. 2.)
Lancastra de tribus annis.
Rogerus de Herleberga reddit Compotum de iiij.li. et x.s. de veteri firma de Lancastra de tercio anno. Et de xiij.li. et xvj.s. de eadem firma, qu8e remanserunt super Willelmum filium Walkeline et Nigellum de Greseleia de tercio anno. Et de xiij.li. et xvj.s. de veteri firma quarti anni quye remanserunt super eosdem. Summa xxxij.li. et ij.s. In thesauro Mchil.
Et in terris datis Willelmo filio Walkeline xxij.li. et x.s. in Steinbia de duobus annis et dimidio per breve Regis, quas idem
^6 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
Eogeriis attulifc de computandis sibi omnibus terris quas Eex dederat. Et Mgello de Greseleia ix.li. et xij.s. de duobus annis per idem breve. Et Quietus est.
Et Idem [liogerus reddit Compotum] de quater xx.li. de firma tercii anni de termino Pascliae. In tliesauro Ixviij.li. et ij.s.
Et in terris datis Willelmo de Valeiniis c.s. in Culfo de dimidio anno. Et Willelmo filio Walkelini iiij.li. et x.s. de dimidio anno in Steinbia. Et Nigello de Greseleia xlviij.s. de dimidio anno in Drakelawa. Et Quietus est.
Eannulfus de Glanuilla reddit Compotum de c. et xx.li. de firma tercii anni de dimidio anno, de termino Sancti Michaelis. Et de quater xx.li. de firma anni prseteriti de termino Paschae. Summa cc.li. numero. In thesauro Nichil.
Et in terris datis Willelmo de Valoniis x.li. in Culfo. Et Willelmo filio Walkeline ix.li. in Steinbia. Et Nigello de Grese- leia iiij.li. et xvj.s. in Drakelawa. Et Stephano de Saucheuilla x.li. [pro terris] quas habet hoc anno in Mendhama. Et in Defalta per werram Legrecestriae et Hamonis de Masci xlv.li. et xiij.s. et x.d.^ per breve Eegis.
Et debet c. et xx.li. et xiij.s. et ij.d.
Idem Eannulfus et Eadulfus filius Bernardi reddunt Compotum de c. et xx.li. de firma ejusdem anni proeteriti de termino Sancti Michaelis. In thesauro xxxix.li. et xij.d. per manum Eadulfi.
Et in terris datis quae supra annotantur communiter eis compu- tatis xvj.li. et xviij.s. Et in defalta per predictam werram com- putatam ipsi Eadulfo xij.li. et x.s. per breve Eegis. Et debet li.li. et xj.s. de quibus xxxviij.li. et xv.s. et viij.d. sunt super Eannulfum de Glanuillam quos ipse recepit in denariis. Et xij.li. et xv.s. et iiij.d. sunt in respectu super utrosque quousque inquisitio facta f uerit quantum quisque cepit de termino alterius.
Idem Eannulfus debet x.li. quas recepit de Michaeli de Eiirneis de debito quod debebat Eegi.
Idem Eannulfus debet xij.li. et iij.d.^ de Prisis et perquisitioni- bus et tallagiis Maneriorum ejusdem honoris de tempore weira^ : scilicet de Nauenebia terra Camararii de Tankeruilla de firma Ixiiij.s. Et de firma de Walengeur quam Eustatius Cade tenuit xviij.s. et viij.d. Et de Tallagio facto per Willelmum Basset de Nauenebia iiij.li. et x.s. Et de Tallagio facto per eundem Willel- mum de Walengeur xxvij.s. et iiij.d. Et xiij.s. et iij.d. de Blado
* Sic, for xly.li. et x.s. et x.d. ^ Sir, for iiij.d.
ROLL OF 21 HENRY 11. (1172-1175). 27
de Walengeur vendito et xxj.s. de prseda capta in terra Hamonis de Masci.
Summa tocius siiperioris debiti Eannulfi de Glanuilla tarn de firma Laucastriae quam de aliis rebus supra annotatis c. et quater xx.li. et xxix.s. et ij.d.
Eadulfus filius Bernardi reddit Compotum de cc.li. de firma ejusdem lionoris de hoc anno. In thesauro c. et Ixvj.li. et iiij.s.
Et in terris datis Willelmo Valoniis x.li. in Culfo. Et Willelmo filio Walkeline ix.li. in Steinnebia. Et Nigello de Greseleia iiij.li. et xvj.s. in Drakelawe. Et Stephano de Saucheuilla x.li. quas habet hoc anno in Mendhama. Et Quietus est.
Idem [Eadulfus] debet xlvij.s. de Communi assisa de Lancastra.
Michaelis de Furneis reddit Compotum de xx.li. de veteri firma terrse sua3. In thesauro x.li.
Et Eannulfo de Glanuilla x.li. de quibus idem Eannulfus debet reddere Compotum. Et Quietus est.
Willelmus de Yesci debet vj.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.d. de plegiis Eoberti fiUi Willelmi qui debunt requiri in Euerwickscire.
De Placitis Alcmi de Necill.
Idem Eadulfus [filius Bernardi] reddit Compotum de c. et iiij.li. et xv.s. et x.d. de Comitatu de Lancastria ut visus foresta3 poneretur in respectum usque ad aliam Eeguardam. In thesauro xxx.li. per manum ipsius Eadulfi. Et debet Ixxiiij.li. et xv.s. et x.d.
Idem Comitatus debet quater xx. et xiij.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.d. de wastis et essartis et placitis Forestse per Alanum de Nevill et Eobertum Mantel et Willelmum filium Eadulfi.
Eicardus de Moreuilla reddit Compotum de c. et quater xx. marcis pro recto habendo de terra quam clamat cum filia Willelmi de Lancastria. In thesauro liberavit. Et Quietus est.
Uctredus filius Ucke debet ij. marcas, quas recuperavit de Pascao-io.
o
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 21 HENRY 11. (mICH. 1172-MICH. 1175).
The accounts of the ferm of the Honor of Lancaster for the two years ending at Michaelmas, 1174, were not returned by the Sheriff until Michaelmas, 1175, no doubt owing to tlie rebellion of that portion of the baronage, which, as Professor Stubbs remarks, " inherited the traditions of the Conquest and the ancient ISTorman spirit," and had been awaiting a suitable opportunity to rebel
28 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
against King Henry, on account of his progressive measures for the curtailment of feudal power.
Eoger de Herleberg quitted office at Easter, 1173, and at Michaelmas, 1175, he rendered his account of arrears : for the year 1170, £4 105. ; for the year 1171, £13 16s., and for the year 1172, £13 16s, ; total arrears £32 2s. The Sheriff had continued to charge himself with the ferm of Stainsby for 2^ years past, although the King had given it to William fitz Walkeline at Easter, 1170, and for the ferm of Drakelow for two years past, which had been given as a petit serjeanty by King Henry I to Nigel de Gresley, and was now held by the grandson of Nigel (see page 21), This w^as a matter of old account, which the Sheriff had overlooked and neglected to claim allowance for. At Michaelmas, 1172, he had received the King's writ authorising the allowance of these sums. Afterwards they appear yearly in the account known as the Corpus Comitates.
So far his account had dealt with the ferm of the honor to Michaelmas, 1172. He therefore rendered his account for the ensuing half-year ending at Easter, 1173, when he quitted office, and was thereupon quit.
Eanulf de Glanvill entered office at Easter, 1173, and held office during a year of great turmoil. In July the Justiciar, Eichard de Lucy, upon whom devolved the defence of the country in the King's absence, besieged and took Leicester, but failed to take the castle which was held by the officers of Hugh Bigod, Earl of Norfolk, one of the leaders of the rebellion. In rendering his account for the year, Eanulf Glanvill was unable to pay anything to the Treasury, but is excused by the King's writ the sum of £45 13s. lOd. (should be £45 10s. 10c?.), which was not forth- coming on account of the war at Leicester, and by default of Hamon de Mascy, one of the Earl of Chester's barons, who was on the side of the rebels. He owed £120 13s. 2d. upon balance for the ferm of the honor.
The next year, 1174, Eanulf Glanvill took an active part in defeating and taking captive the King of Scots at Alnwick. Some time during the half-year ending at Michaelmas, he was succeeded in office l^y Ealph fitz Bernard ; tliey were consequently associated in rendering an account of the sum of £120 due at tliat term. The sum of £16 18^. was allowed to them jointly on account of the royal grants ; £12 10s. was allowed to Ealph fitz Bernard on account of deficiency in the ferm by reasc^n of the said
ROLL OF 21 HEXRY IL (1172-1175). 29
war ; £39 Is. had been paid by him to the Treasury, and of the balance, — £51 lis., the sum of £38 15s. 8d. remained due from Eanulf Glanvill, which lie had collected in pence (the general name of the issues of the honor), and £12 15s. M. remained due jointly, pending an enquiry as to the apportionment of the sums which the one had collected during the other's term of office.
Durine^ his term of office Eanulf Glanvill had received from Michael de Furness, the moiety of the debt due from him to the King, which has already been referred to ; and certain issues of lands which had been taken into the King's hands, perquisites of courts and taxes of manors parcel of the honor, belonging to the period of the war, amounting to the sum of £12 Os. 4d, of which details are given, viz. : —
£3 4s., the ferm of ISTavenby, which had been the Chamber- lain of Tancarvili's land.
18s. 8d., the ferm of Wellingore, which Eustace Cade held.
£4 10s. for tallage assessed upon Navenby by William Basset.
£1 7s. 4^cL for tallage assessed upon Wellingore by the same.
13s. Sd. for grain sold in Wellingore.
£1 Is. for booty seized in Hamon de Mascy's land.
William de Tancarvill was the son of Eabel de Tancarvill, Chamberlain of Normandy, and according to Benedictus (Vol. I., p. 45) he was one of Prince Henry's partisans in the rebellion of 1173.
Eustace Cade also appears to have taken part in the rebellion against the King, and so to have forfeited his lands in Wellingore and Navenby.
In 1163-4 the King had granted to Eustace, son of William Cade, ten librates of land in Navenby, formerly part of Durand Malet's Domesday fief, which having escheated to the crown, had been incorporated in the Honor of Lancaster of Henry I. Eustace Cade had enfeoff'ed William de Tancarvill in a part of the estate lying in Navenby. After this forfeiture the King used to receive £13 yearly from Navenby.
The whole of Eanulf Glanvill's indebtedness amounted to £181 9s. 2d. The King afterwards excused him the whole sum. The ferm of the honor for the current year ending at Michaelmas, 1175, remained to be accounted for by the new Sheriff, Ealph litz Bernard. Upon the terniiruition of the rebellion and the
o
0 THE LAXCASHIRE PIPE POLLS.
restoration of order, it became possible for the Sheriff to collect tlie ferm of the honor, and he was able to j)ay the whole balance into the Treasury, after claiming allowance for £23 16s. reduction of the ferm by the royal grants previously noted, and a further reduction of £10 on account of ten librates of land granted to Stephen de Saukevill in Mendham, County Suffolk. This had been part of the Domesday fief of Eoger of Poictou. Afterwards Roger de Huntingfield held Mendham for one fee by knight's service.
It is noteworthy, in reference to the rebellion of the years 1 173-4, that King Henry's success was chiefly due to the manner in wliich the people, and notably those of Yorkshire, supported his c luse, testifying to the constitutional hold which the King had on the body of the nation.
The King's clemency was remarkable. He did not take re- venge upon his enemies by executions or wholesale confiscations, but converted his enemies to friendship by his mercy. As an example, the Staffordshire Pipe Roll for the current year shows that Hamon de Mascy obtained the King's pardon and goodwill and recovered his estate, by paying a fine of 300 marks, 10 hounds, and 10 hawks.
Only one of the remaining entries requires notice, the others having already been under observation. In the notes upon the Pipe Roll for the year 1169-70, it was seen that no View of the Forests had been lately held in the County of Lancaster, and that the county had escaped the consequences of the holding of Forest Pleas by a composition of 200 marks. Since then, however. Pleas of the Forest had been held by Alan de Nevill, the Forest Justice, and his associates, Robert IMantel and William fitz Ralph, who had imposed fines amounting to £93 13s. 4fZ., for waste committed within the forests in the cutting down of timber or underwood, and for assarts.^
MAG. ROT. PIP., 22 HEXRY II. (1175-1176). (Roll N'o. 22. m. 6, in dorso.) Zancastra. Randulfus de Glanuilla debet Ij.li. et xj.s. de veteri firma honoris de Lancastra de anno prreterito de quibus inquisitio facta^ erat facienda. In thesauro [nichil].
^ Waste of the forest consisted in cutting down trees or underwood wliicli miglit grow again ; assart was plucking fhera up by the roots to make arable, meadow, or pasture land, and so destroying tliem for ever.
- Underlined for cancellation.
KOLL OF 22 HENRY II. (1175-1176). 31
Eadulfus filius Bernard! reddit Compotum de call, de firma ejusdem honoris de hoc anno. In thesauro c. et Ixj.li. et iiij.s.
Et in terris datis Willelmo de Valoniis x.li. in Culfo. Et Willelmo filio Walkeline ix.li. in Stainisbia. Et Nigollo de Greselea iiij.li. et xvj.s. in Drakelawa. Et Stephano de Saukevilla x.li. quas habuit hoc anno in Mendham. Et Engelramo Portario et Rogero de Sancto Albino c.s. in Crokeston de quarta parte anni per breve Eegis. Et Quietus est.
Idem Eadulfus reddit Compotum de vij.s. de firma de Mertona terra exeacta de feodo Peverelli de hoc anno. In thesauro liberavit.
Et Quietus est.
Idem [Eadulfus] reddit Compotum de xlvij.s. de Communi assisa Comitatus de Lancastrise In thesauro liberavit.
Et Quietus est.
Willelmus de Vesci reddit Compotum de vj.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.d, pro plegiis Eoberti iilii Willelmi. In thesauro Ixvj.s. et viij.d. Et debet Ixvj.s. et viij.d., qui debent requiri in Euerwickscira.
Be Placitis Alani de Nevill.
Idem Eadulfus reddit Compotum de Ixxiiij.li, et xv.s. et x.d. de Comitatu de Lancastriae ut Eeguarda Eorestse ponatur in respect- "um usque ad aliam reguardam. In thesauro Ixxj.li. et x.d. Et debet ixxv.s.
Idem reddit Compotum de quater xx. et xiij.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.d. de Wastis et Essartis et Placitis Forestae per Alanum de Nevill et Eobertum Mantell et Willelmum filium Eadulfi. In thesauro liberavit. Et Quietus est.
Huchtredus filius Ucke reddit Compotum de ij. marcis quas receperat de Pasnagio. In thesauro liberavit. Et Quietus est.
Eicardus filius Eogeri reddit Compotum de v. marcis ut Justiciarii inquirant veritatem de Karkebi, quam tenet de Con- stabulario Cestriae. In thesauro liberaAnt. Et Quietus est.
Walterus Barate de Preston reddit Compotum de iiij. marcis quia defecerat de appellatione sua coram Justiciariis. In thesauro liberavit. Et Quietus est.
Gilbertus filius Waldevii reddit Compotum de cccc.li. ut Eex remittat ei utlagariam. In thesauro l.li. Et debet cccLli.
Huchtredus filius Ucke reddit Compotum de v. marcis pro habenda warantisatione Eegis de dono Gaufridi de Valoigniis. In thesauro ij. marcae et dimidia. Et debet ij. marcas et dimidiam.
32 THE LANCASIIIEE PIPE PvOLLS.
Idem Huditredns reddit Compotum de c.s. lit possit dare aliam filiam Eoberti filii Eenuardi. In thesauro l.s. Et debet l.s.
Eandulfus de Glanuilla debet c. et xx.li. et xiij.s. et ij.d. de veteri firma ejusdem honoris.
Idem debet x.li. quas recepit de Michaeli de Furneis de debito quod debebat Ilegi.
Idem debet xij.li. et iiij.d. de prisis et perquisitionibus et talla- giis Manerioriim ejusdem honoris de tempore weirae, quorum particulae annotantur in Eotulo xxj.^^o
[Under Yorkshire, in a list of amerciaments for i^leas heard hefore the Justices iii Eijre. m. 8, dorso.']
Tomas de Cliderhou reddit Compotum de xl.s. pro assisa infracta. In thesauro xx.s. Et debet xx.s.
NOTES ON THE PIPE POLL OF 22 HENJRY IL (mICH. 1175-MICH. 1176).
The only new item in the account of the ferm of the county, is the grant of twenty librates of land in Croxton Key rial, in Leicestershire to Engeran le Porter and Eoger de St. Aubin about the end of June, 1176. King Henry made this grant of two parts of Croxton and of Sedgebrook, in exchange for Corsham and Coningtx)n.
It is evident from the date of this grant, that William, Earl of Boulogne, was the founder of the Abbey of Premonstratensian Canons at Croxton, and that William le Porter, son of the above grantee, was not the founder as stated by Tanner, and repeated by Dugdale on bis authority, but only a very substantial benefac- tor at a later j^eriocl. Margery de St. Aubin and AYymer (?) her son were also benefactors. See Dugdale's Monasticon, Vol. VI., p. 376-7 ; where there is an account of this manor, erroneously described as of the Honor of Eye, throngh various possessors, — Hubert de Burgli among others — until King John's grant to Bertram de Kyriall, who probably gave the township its distinctive name.
Eichard, son of Eoger, lord of Lytham and Bryning, held one- fourth part of a knight's fee in Argar Meles of the fief of Penwor- tham. Appurtenant to this fee were Simonswood and Kirkby, which had been afforested and put within fence after the corona- tion of King Henry. Eichard, son of Eoger, offered the sum of 5 marks that the Justiciars might be directed to enquire the truth concerning the said Eichard's estate in Kirkby. It had been taken into the King's hands, because he had married his daughter
ROLL OF 22 HENRY IL (11 75 -11 70). 33
Matilda to Eobert de Stockport, without the King's licence. The result of the enquiry is recorded hereafter in the roll of 26 Henry II.
Walter Barat of Preston discharged a debt of 4 marks which he had incurred in withdrawing from his appeal before the Justices. An appeal — literally the calling someone before the Justices — might be of various kinds, as of homicide, of wounding, of imprisonment, of robbery, of arson, or of larceny. The appellor or accuser could not withdraw at his own will ; it was the privilege of the King to dispense justice, and anyone wishing to withdraw must fine with the King or his representatives, the Justices, for permission to do so.
Gilbert, son of Waltheof, had been outlawed. The reason is not disclosed, but the rebellion of 1173-4 offers sufficient grounds, in the absence of any other evidence, for the supposition that he had taken part against the King with the rebellious barons. The magnitude of the fine which he offered for remission of sentence of outlawry, and restitution of his office and lands, is explained by the fact that he held by inheritance the office of Master Sergeant of the Wapentake of West Derby, and lands in Walton, Waver- tree, and Newsham by grand serjeanty, conferred upon his father AValtheof, by William, Count of Boulogne, Mortain, and Warren. Henry de Walton afterwards obtained from King John a confir- mation of the said lands and office, previously confirmed to his father Gilbert, son nf Waltheof, when John was Count of Mortain and Boulogne. He also obtained the restitution of an estate at Chesterton in co. Stafford, given by King Henry to the said Waltheof circa 1155-1157, which Gilbert de Walton had forfeited about this time (Pipe Poll 1 John).
A similar instance of a heavy fine occurs in the Westmorland Pipe Poll of 22 Henry IL, when Gospatric, son of Orm, paid a fine of 500 marks for having surrendered Appleby Castle to William the Lion, King of Scotland, during the Scotcii invasion of 1174.
Ughtred, son of Huck, ancestor of the family of Singleton, held one carucate of land in Broughton by grant from William, Count of Boulogne, Mortain, and Warren. He is here recorded as offering 5 marks for the King's warranty of land given to him by Geoffrey de Valoines. It may be, therefore, that William de Warren's charter was merely confirmatory of Geoffrey's grant. There is, however, in this entry some confirmation of the supposition tliat Geoffrey de Valoines had been Earl Warren's Seneschal, and that the " debita Pegis " previously referred to (page 15) were actually
M THE LANCASHIRE PIPE FvOLLS.
arrears, wliich had remained unpaid from the time when Earl Warren was lord of the Honor of Lancaster.
This Ughtred is sometimes called Ughtred de Singleton, and it is probable that he had a grant of half a carucate of land in Singleton, from William, Count of Boulogne, to hold by grand serjeanty of the Wapentake of Amounderness, which office and land certainly descended by inheritance to his grandson, Alan de Singleton, who died circa 29 Henry 111. He offered 100s. that he might have the marriage of another daughter of Eobert, son of Eeinward, whose heirs were in ward to tlie King. This Eobert, son of Eeinward, was a nephew of Eichard (fitz Warin) Bussel, and was one of the witnesses to the latter's grant to the monks of Evesham, of a fourth part of his fishing of Penwortham.
MAG. EOT. PIP., 23 HENEICl II. (1176-1177).
(EOLL No. 23. m. 5, dorso.)
Norlmimherland,
Lancastra.
Eadulfus filius Bernardi reddit Compotum de cc.li. de firma ejusdem Honoris. In thesauro c. et xlvj.li. et iiij.s. Et in terris datis Willelmo de Valeinis x.li. in Culfo. Et Willelmo filio Walkeline ix.li. in Stainisbeia. Et JSTigello de Greselea iiij.li. et xvj.s. in Drakelawa. Et Stephano de Saukeuilla x.li. in Mend- hama. Et Engelrano Portario et Eogero de Sancto Albino xx.li. in Crokeston. Et Quietus est.
Eandulfus de Glanuilla reddit Compotum de li.li. et xj.s. de veteri firma ejusdem Honoris de tercio anno. Et de c. et xx.li. et xiij.s. et ij.d. de anno prseterito. Et de x.li, quas habuit de Michaele de Furneis. Et de xij.li. et iiij.d. de perquisicionibus et tallagiis ejusdem honoris. Summa c. et quater xx. et xiiij.li. et iiij.s. et vj.d. In perdonis per breve Eegis ipsi Eandulfo c. et quater xx. et xiiij.li. et iiij.s. et vj.d. Et Quietus est.
Idem Eadulfus [filius Bernardi] reddit Compotum de vj.s. et ix.d. de firma de Mereton terra exeacta de hoc anno. In thesauro liberavit. Et Quietus est.
Willelmus de Vesci debet Ixvj.s. et viij.d. pro plegio Eoberti filii Willelmi. Sed summoniendus est in Euerwickscire.^
^ (Under Yorkshire, m. 6. Chancellor' s Antegraph.) De Misericordia Rec proforesta.
[Willelmus] de Vesci r.c. de c.li. pro eodem. In perdonis per brere Regis Ipsi' Willelmo c.li.— E. Q. E.
ROLL OF 23 HENRY IL (1176-1177). 35
Idem Radulfus reddit Compotum de Ixxv.s. de Comitatu de Lancastra de misericcrdia. In thesauro liberavit.
Et Quietus est.
Gilbertus films Waldeuii reddit Compotum de ccc. et l.li. ut Eex remittat ei utlagariam. In thesauro quater xx.li. Et debet cc. et Ixx.li.
Hucthredus filius Vkke reddit Compotum de ij. marcis et dimidia pro habenda Warantisia Eegis de dono Gaufridi de Valoignis. In thesauro liberavit. Et Quietus est.
Idem Huchtredus reddit Compotum de Is. ut possit dare^ aliam filiam Roberti filii Eenuardi.^ In thesauro liberavit.
Et Quietus est.
De Auxilio villarum et Jiominum^ ejusdem honoris per Willelmum filiur)i Radidji et Willelmum Basset et Michaelem Belet.
Idem Radulfus reddit Compotum de xxxviij. marcis et iij.s. et iiij.d. de Auxilio ejusdem honoris de Lancastra. In thesauro xxv.li. et iij.s. et iiij.d, Et debet dimidiam marcam.
Idem Radulfus reddit Compotum de xvj.li. et x.s. de Auxilio de Preston. In thesauro xv.li. et xiij.s. et viij.d. Et debet xvj.s. et
Idem Radulfus reddit Compotum de ij. marcis et dimidia de Auxilio de Torp. In thesauro xvij.s. et ix.d. Et debet xv.s. et vij.d.
Idem Radulfus reddit Compotum de Ixxij. marcis et dimidia de auxilio Teinorum et Drengorum. In thesauro xlvj.li. et vj.s. et viij.d. Et debet xl.s.
Idem Radulfus reddit Compotum de dimidia marca de auxilio de Slina. Et de j. marca de Auxilio de Ouerton. Et de x. marcis de auxilio de Hest. Et de j. marca de auxilio de Oxicliua. Et de j. marca de Auxilio de Pressora.
Et de XX x.s. de auxilio de Hamelton. Et de dimidia marca de auxilio de Steinola. Et de v. marcis de auxilio de Singelton, Et de xxxiiij.s. et viij.d. [de auxilio] de Westderbi. Et de ij. marcis de auxilio de Hales.
Et de xxxvj.s. et viij.d. de auxilio de Fornebia. Et de xxxvj.s. et viij.d. de Crossebi. Et de j. marca de auxilio de Wauertrea. Et de iij. marcis et dimidia de auxilio de Waleton. Et [de] dimidia marca [de auxilio] de Tingwella.
^ " dare in uxorem," Chancellor' s Antegraph. ^ " Reinardi," C. A.
^ " tt liominum " omitted in C. A,
D 2
3(5 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS,
Et de j. marca de auxilio de Liderlanda. Et de iij. marcis et dimidia de auxilio de Mweton. Et de j. marca de auxilio de Salford. Et de dimidia marca de auxilio de Burton. Et de ij. marcis de auxilio de Ordeshala.
Et de ij. marcis de auxilio de Snores wurda.
Et de dimidia marca de auxilio de Cherleton.
Et de j. marca de auxilio de Flixton. Et de dimidia marca de auxilio de Clifton. Et de ix. marcis de auxilio de Cartmel.
Summa xxxviij.li. et iiij.s. et viij.d. In thesauro liberavit in XXV. tallis. Et Quietus est.
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 23 HENRY IL (mICH. 1176-MICH. 1177).
Eanulph Glanvill's various debts, amounting to a total sum of £194 4s. 6d., are again particularized, and the whole sum pardoned by the authority of the King's writ. Doubtless he was able to prove that he had been at great expense, in raising the forces with which he materially contributed to the defeat and capture of William, King of Scots, at Alnwick in July, 1174.
There had been an escheat of land to the crown before Michael- mas, 117n, probably three carucates, in the Manor of Marton.
At this period the towns of Ash ton (near Preston), Great Marton, and Blackrod were in the King's hands, as part of the Honor of Peverel, which had been taken into the King's hands when William Peverel, of Nottingham, forfeited his estates for poisoning Ranulph, Earl of Chester. Great Marton, however, descended to the family of Ferrers, by the marriage of William Ferrers with Margaret, daugliter and heir of the said William Peverel, and had recently been taken into the King's hands on account of Eobert Ferrers' participation in the recent rebellion of the Barons. It was afterwards included in the grant of Amounderness to Theobald Walter by Ptichard I. in April, 1194. King John, when he was Count of Mortain, granted Blackrod to Hugh le Norris for his homage and service, and the render of 20s. yearly ; and Ashton to Arthur, or Arctur de Ashton in free thanage by the service of 10s. yearly.
This year, in anticipation of a great expedition to Normandy, King Henry levied an aid (mixilium) or tallage upon his royal demesnes and upon the lands held in thanage, drengage, and at fee farm. The assessors were William fitz Palph, William Basset, and Michael Belet, of whom the first two were Justiciars, appointed by the Statute of Northampton, held there January 2Gth, 117G, to
ROLL OF 24 HENKY IL (1177-1178). 37
go on the circuit of the Counties of Lincoln, Notts., Derby, Stafford, Warwick, Northants., and Leicester, together with Hugh de Gun- devill.
The assessment of 38J marks had been made upon the royal demesnes " extra comitatum," and possibly upon lands held at fee farm, lying within the Honor in other counties.
The town of Preston was assessed at £16 10s., a sum which points to the importance of the place even at this early date. A few years later the King made it a free borough.
Thorpe was a manor lying near Bretherton, and was an escheat from the Barony of Penwortham.
The thanes and drens^hs held about one hundred carucates of land, yielding about £33 yearly, or one-sixth of the whole ferni of the county ; they were assessed at 72^ marks.
The Poll supplies a full list of the royal demesnes in Lanca- shire at this time, which — excluding the town of Preston and the escheated manor of Thorp — numbered twenty-five manors with their hamlets, having an effective outfit of fifty-eight and a- half carucce or plough teams, a breeding stock of cattle to maintain this number of teams, and pigs and sheep sufficient to provide subsis- tence for the population engaged in tilling the royal estate. The Aid was levied at the rate of 1 mark for each caruca. The thanes and drenghs apparently contributed to the Aid upon a lower basis of assessment.
The total aid from the Honor amounted to £130 4s. 8c^.
MAG. EOT. PIP., 24 HENEICI IL (1177-1178).
(Poll No. 24 m. 3, in dorso.)
Zancastra.
Padulfus filius Bernardi reddit Compotum de cc.li. de firma
ejusdem honoris. In thesauro c. et xxxv.li. et v.s. et iiij.d.
numero.
Et in terris datis Willelmo de Valeinis x.li. in Culfho. Et Willelmo filio Walkeline ix.li. in Stainesbeia. Et Nigello de Greselea iiij.li. et xvj.s. in Drakelawa. Et Stephano de Saukeuilla x.li. in Mendhama. Et Eni>elrano Portario et liosiero de Sancto Albino xx.li. in Crokeston.
Et debet x.li. et xviij.s. et viij.d.
Idem Kadulfus r.c. de x.s. de firma de Mereton. In th'ro lib
E. Q. E.
38 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
Gilbertus tilius Waldeuii r.c. de cc. et Ixx.li. ut Kex remittat ei utlagai'iam. In th'ro quater xx. et ix.li. et xj.s. et ijd. Scilicet per manum Eadulfi xxxix.li. et xj.s. et ij.d. Et per manum Vicecomitis de Eiierchscire l.li. Et debet c. et quater xx.li. et viij.s. et x.d.
De auxilio villarum ejiisdem honoris per Willelmum filium Radulfi
et socios suos.
Idem Eadulfus debet dimidiam marcam de auxilio de Lau- castra.
Idem Radulfus r.c. de xvj.s. et iiij.d. de auxilio de Preston. In tli'ro vj.s. et viij.d. Et debet ix.s. et viij.d.
Idem Eadulfus r.c. de xv.s. et vij.d. de auxilio de Torp. In th'ro lib'. E. Q. E.
Idem Eadulfus debet xl.s. de auxilio Teinorum et Drengorum.
De Placitis Tomce filii Bernardi et Sociormn ejus.
Idem Eadulfus r.c. de Ixvj.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.d. pro respectu liabendo de Eeguarda forestae. In tli'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Eobertus Archidecanus de Cestria debet c.s. de misericordia pro foresta.
Idem Eadulfos r,c. de j.m, de misericordia Hunfridi clerici fratris uxoris Albert! Buissel pro foresta. Et de j.m. de Jordano Decano de Mammecestra pro eodem. Et de j.m. de Stephano Clerico de Waleton pro eodem. Et de j.m, de Eicardo Clerico de Prestecota pro eodem. Et de dimidia m. de Adama presbytero pro eodem. Et de j.m. de Eoberto Presbytero de Chillewelle. Et de dimidia m. de Adama Clerico de Mieles pro eodem. Et de j.m. de Adama Decano de Almundernesse pro eodem. Et de j.m. de Elya filio Lessi pro eodem. Et de dimidia m, de Galfrido de Langeton pro eodem. Et de dimidia m. de Eicardo filio Henrici pro eodem. Et de dimidia m. de Eicardo de Pierrepunt pro eodem. Et de iiij.s. de Siwardo Stanesdis pro eodem. Et de dimidia m. de Eogero Pincerna pro defalta. Et de dimidia m. de Johanne filio Turstaui pro eodem. Et de dimidia m. de Mathteo lilio Willelmi pro eodem.
Summa vij.li. et x.s. et viij.d. In th'ro liberavit in xvj. tallis. E. Q E.
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 24 HENRY II. (MICH. 1177-MICH. 1178).
In the account of tlie Corpus Comitatus the usual routine entries occur, and various payments are made on account of the debts previously noted.
ROLL OF 24 HENRY IL (1177-1178). 39
Thomas fitz Bernard, the Forest Justice, had been in Eyre of the forests during the fiscal year in this county. He again accepts a composition — this time of 100 marks — from the knights and others dwelling within the forests, in order that they might have respite from the next View of the Forest. In the year 1170 the county paid a composition of 200 marks for respite.
The names of a number of the secular clergy and other per- sons holding lands in the Hundreds of Leyland, West Derby, and Salford occur as owing various sums of money for fines imposed upon them by the Forest Justices for waste or assarts made within the precincts of the forest in those hundreds.
Eobert, Archdeacon of Chester, owes 100s. " pro foresta." His name does not appear in the list of archdeacons given in the History of Cheshire, Vol. I., p. 113. His fine remained as a debt upon many successive Pipe Eolls, from which it would appear that he had no land within the Honor. His offence may have been that of fellino- timber without licence.
If Albert Bussel was still alive he must have been a very old man. His wife's name was Leticia. Her brother Humphrey, clericus, was fined 1 m. " pro foresta."
Jordan, dean of Manchester ; Stephen, clericus of the church of Walton on the Hill ; Eichard, clericus of the church of Prescot ; Adam, presbyter ; Eobert, presbyter of Child wall ; Adam, clericus of the church of North Meols, and Adam, dean of Kirkham in Amounderness, were all fined " pro foresta."
Geoflfrey de Longton was a free tenant of Albert Bussel's in Leyland and Longton. His son Eobert, son of Geoffrey, is named in Hugo Bussel's charter of confirmation of the grants made by his grandfather, uncle and father, to the Abbey of Evesham.
Eichard, son of Henry, was probably brother of Eobert, lord of Lathom, and the ancestor of the Torbocks of Torbock.
The Testa de Nevill (Vol. IL, fol. 823) records that Albert Gredle [11 66-1182] enfeoffed Thomas de Perpont in three carucates of land in Eumworth and Lostock by the service of the third part of one knight's fee. In the reign of King John this was held by Eichard de Perpont, named in this Pipe Eoll. (Testa de Nevill, Vol. IL, f. 791.)
The same authority (Vol. II. , f. 816) records that Eichard Bussell [? 1135-1160] gave two carucates of land in Standish and Langtree to Eobert Spileman in marriage with his sister. Siward de Standish was a witness to Albert Bussel's charter of
40 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
confirmation to the Abbey of Evesham, and is no doubt the indi- vidual mentioned here. By a fine levied at Westminster, on the Octave of Holy Trinity, 8 John [5th June, 1206], these two carucates of land were partitioned between Siward de Langtree and Ealph de Standish, the former taking the carucate of land in Langtree, one moiety of the advowson of the church of Standish, a moiety of the commonable wood in Standish, and 16 acres of assarted land lying near the said wood ; the other taking the carucate of land in Standish, the other moiety of the advowson, and of the wood, and 16 acres of assarted land. Both Ealph de Standish and Siward de Langtree^ were witnesses to Robert Bussel's grant of a fishery in Eibble to the Abbey of Evesham.
Eoger Pincerna, i.e. " le Boteler," was probably a younger brother of Theobald AValter. He and his wife Quenilda — who survived him — are mentioned in the Chartulary of Cockersand, together with their sons, Eichard, Eobert, and Adam. She was afterwards called Quenilda de Warton.
MAG. EOT. PIP., 25 HEJSTEICI XL (1178-1179.) (EoLL No. 25. 7n. 3, dor so.)
Lancastra.
Eadulfus filius Bernardi reddit Compotum de x.li. et xviij.s. et viij.d. de veteri firma honoris de Lancastra. In th'ro lib'.
E. Q. E.
Et Idem [r.c] de cc.li. numero de Nova firma. In th'ro c. et xxvij.li. et viij.s. et iij.d. Et in terris datis Willelmo de Valeines x.li. in Culfo. Et Willelmo filio Walkelin ix.li. in Samerisberia {sic). Et Nigello de Greselea iiij.li. et xvj.s. in Drakelawa. Et Stephano de Saccauilla x.li. in Mendham. Et Engelrano Portario et Eogero de Sancto Albino xx.li. in Crokeston.
Et debet xviij.li. et xv.s. et ix.d. Idem r.c. de eodem debito. In liberatione Yenatorum et Canium Eegis a festo Sancti iEdmundi usque ad Pentecostam xviij.li. et xv.s. et ix.d. per breve Eegis.
E. Q. E.
Idem Eadulfus r.c. de x.s. de firma de Meretona. In th'ro lib.
E. Q. E.
^ Both in the Testa de Nevill and in the charter referred to above, " Langton " — the name of a neighbouring township — has been erroneously substituted for " Langtree."
ROLL OF 26 HENRY IL (1179-1180). 41
Gilbertus filius Waldefii r.c. de c. et qiiater xx.li. et viij.s. et x.d. ut Eex remittat ei utiagariam. In th'ro quater xx. et x.li. Sci- licet per manum ipsiiis Vicecomitis xl.li. et per nianuni (Eadulfi interlined), Vicecomitis Eboracsciri^e l.li. Et debet quater xx. et x.li. et viij.s. et x.d.
De Auxilio villarum ejusdem Honoris per Willehnum filiiim
Radulfi et Socios ejus. Idem Eudulfus debet dim. m. de auxilio de Lancastra. Idem Eadulfus debet ix.s. et viij.d. de auxilio de Prestona. Idem Eadulfus debet xl.s. de auxilio Theinorum et Drengorum.
De jplacitis Tomae filii Bernardi et Sociornm ejus. Robertus (Eadulfus interlined) Archidecanus de Cestria debet C.s. de Misericordia pro foresta.
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 25 HENRY IL (MICH. 1178-MICH. 1179).
The Sheriff first accounts for the balance which he owed on account of the ferm of the previous year. He paid it into the Treasury.
In his account of the ferm of the current year, he claims allow- ance for £18 los. ^d, which he had spent upon the Eoyal hunts- men and hounds during the six months from November 20, 1178, to May 20, 1179. The King is said to have visited several parts of the kingdom during the months of October, November, and December, 1178, and this item would suggest a visit to the royal forest of Lancaster about the end of the year for the purposes of sport.
The remainder of the Eoll merely consists of a re-statement of the debts brought over from the previous year, and records the payment of £50 in reduction of the debt of Gilbert, son of Waltheof.
MAG. EOT. PIP., 26 HENEICI II. (1179-1180).
(EoLL No. 26. m. 5, in dorso.) Lancastra. Eadulfus filius Bernardi reddit Compotum de cc.li. numero de firma de Lancastra. In th'ro. c. et xlvj.li. et iiij.s.
Et in terris datis Willelmo de Valeines x.li, in Culfho ; Et Willelmo tilio Walkelini Ix.li. in Stainesbia ; Et Niiiello de
42 THE LANCASHIEE PIPE KOLLS.
Greselea iiij.li. et xvj.s. in Drakelawa ; Et Stephano de Saukevilla x.li. in Mendham ; Et Engelrano Portario et Kogero de Sancto Albino XX. li. in Crokeston. E. Q. E.
Idem Radulfus r.c. de vj.li. de cremento de Presteton. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Idem Radulfus r.c. de x.s. de firma de Mereton. In th'io lib.
E. Q. E.
Gilbertus filius Waldevii r.c. de quater xx. et x.li. et viij.s. et x.d. ut Rex remittat ei utlagariam. In th'ro xx.li. per manum Radulfi et xx.li. per manum Vicecomitis de Eboracscira. Et debet l.li. et viij.s. et x.d.
De auxilio villarum ejusdem honoris per Willelmum filmm Radulfi
et Socios suos.
[Idem] Radulfus debet dim. m. de auxilio de Lancastra. Idem debet ix.s. et viij.d. de auxilio de Preston. Idem debet xl.s. de auxilio Teinorum et Drengorum.
[Robertus] Archidecanus de Cestre debet c.s. de misericordia Regis pro foresta.
Nova Placita et Novce Convenciones. De Oblatis Cur ice.
[Homines] de Preston reddunt compotum de cm. pro habenda carta Regis ut habeant libertates quas homines de Novo Castro habent. In th'ro xxv.m, Et debent Ixxv.m.
[Ricardus] filius Rogeri r.c. de c.li. pro habenda terra sua quam forisfecerat, quia filiam suam ha^redem suam dederat sine licentia Regis. In th'ro xiij.li. et vj.s. et viij.d. Et debet quater xx. et vj.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.d.
[Idem Radulfus] debet Ixxviij.li. et iij.s. et viij.d. pro habendo respeotu de placitis foreslariis de Lancastra.
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 26 HENRY IL (MICH. 1179-MICH. 1180).
No new details occur in the account of the ferm of the Honor this year.
" Nova placita et Nov^: conventiones." — This was the usual heading under which the penalties levied by the Justices, during their visit to the county, were recorded in the Pipe Roll.
"De Oblatis Curt^" was the heading under which were recorded the Oblata and Fines proffered to, and accepted by the Curia Regis, sitting at Westminster or following the King, as he travelled from place to place. The three entries in the roll clearly belong to the latter heading.
IIOLL OF 26 HENRY II. (1179-1180). 43
In September, 1179, when King Henry was at Winchester, he granted to the men of Preston a charter of the same liberties that had been recently granted to the men of Newcastle-under-Lyme. It seems probable that the inhabitants of Preston had taken the opportunity afforded by the King's visit to the forest of Lancaster the previous year, to solicit the royal charter which should consti- tute the town a free borougli, and that they had proffered to the Curia Eegis the sum of 100 marks for the royal favour. The present roll records the payment to the Treasury of the first instalment of 25 marks. Hitherto the town had annually con- tributed the sum of £9 to tlie ferm of the Honor ; an increment of £6 had been offered, or demanded, as part of the consideration for the charter of liberties, which sum was duly accounted for in the present and subsequent rolls as a permanent augmentation of the ferm of the Honor.
In the year 1176, Eichard, son of Eoger, had paid 5 marks in order to obtain from the Curia Eegis the privilege of an inquest respecting the seizure of Kirkby, in the Hundred of West Derby, which had been taken into the King's hands, because he had married his daughter and heir without the royal licence. This no doubt refers to the marriage of his eldest daughter Matilda to Eobert de Stockport, ancestor of tlie Barons of Stockport. As a result of the enquiry, the Justices inflicted the heavy fine of £100, and the said Eichard, finding sureties for payment, recovered possession, paying during the year a first instalment of £13 Qs. 8d.
The records relating to Lancashire for the first century after the Norman Invasion are extremely meagre, and the history of the territorial families of that period is correspondingly incomplete and conjectural. This applies to the ancestry of Eichard, son of Eoger, for whom I am inclined to attribute a Scandinavian origin, as the descendant of one of the Norse invaders, who descended upon the coast of Lancashire in the tenth century.
Eaghanald probably flourished as Thane of Lytham, Bootle, Linacre, and Woodplumpton about the time of the Norman Invasion ; his son Eavanchil, or Eavenkil, witnessed Count Eoger of Poictou's grant of the church of Lancaster to St. Martin of Seez in a.d. 1094; Eoger, son of Eavenkil, gave one carucate of land in Linacre to the brethren of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem, and his name occurs in records of the period 1130-1157; his son Eichard, son of Eoger, the founder of
44 THE LANCASHIIIE PIPE PtOLLS.
Lytham Priory, occurs temp. Henry II. and llichard I. By military service the said Eichard held —
Kirkby/ of the Barony of Widnes, by the service of one-fifth
part of one knight's fee. Argarmeols/ of the Barony of Penwortham, one-fourth part of
one knic^ht's fee. Kellamergh and Burstath Bryning, in capite, of the Honor of Lancaster, one-fourth part of one knight's fee.
In Thanage he held — Boocle and Linacre, three carucates, by the service of 13s.
yeariy. Woodplumpton, four carucates, by the service of Vis. 6d ^,- Lytham, two carucates, by the service of 85. 4:d.
These estates descended to his five dauohters: Matilda, the wife of Robert de Stockport ; Amice, the wife of Thomas de Beetham; Quenild, the wife of Roger Gernet; Margaret, the wife of Hugh de Moreton ; and Avice, the wife of William de Milium. Upon the death of Quenild in 36 Henry III. without issue, her estates were partitioned between the heirs of the two first named.''*
The knights and other dwellers in the forests of Lancaster paid a composition of £76 35. 8<i., in order that the holdiiig of pleas of the forest might be respited.
MAG. EOT. PIP., 27 HENRICI IL (1180-1181). (Roll No. 27. m. 3, dor so.) Lancastra. Eadulfus filius Bernardi reddit Compotum de cc.li. numero de firma de Lancastra. In thesauro c. et Ij.li. et iiij.s. numero. In terris datis Willelmo de Yaleinis x.li. in Gulf ho ; Et Willelmo filio Walkelini ix.li. in Stainesbeia ; Et Nigello de Greselea iiij.li. et xvj.s. in Drakelawa ; Et Stephano de Saukevilla c.s. in Mend- ham de dimidio anno ; Et Engelrano Portario et Eogero de Sancto Albino xx.li. in Crokeston. Et Quietus est.
Idem Eadulfus r.c. de vj.li. de Cremento de Presteton. Et de xj.s. de firma de Mereton hoc anno. In th'ro lib. in ij. tallis.
E. Q. E.
^ Kirkby and Argarmeols may have been the portion of the estate of Tliurslan Batiastre, which descended to his daughter Margaret, the wife of the said Richard, son of Roger. Argarmeols formed part of the modern township of Birkdale.
^ See Ormerod's Parenfalia.
EOLL OF 27 HENRY II. (1180-1181). 45
Gilbertus filius Waldevii r.c. de l.li. et viij.s. et x.d. ut Eex remittat in utlagariam. In th'ro xxv.m.
Et debet xxxiij.li. et xv.s. et vj.d.
Idem Radulfua r.c. de ix.s. et viij.d. de auxilio de Preston. In th'ro v.s. Et debet iiij.s. et viij.d.
Idem [Eadulfus] r.c. de xl.s. de auxilio Teinornm et Drengorum. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Robertas Archidecanus de Cestre debet c.s. de misericordia Eegis pro foresta. Radulfus filius Bernardi debet dimidiam marcam de auxilio de Lancastra.
Be Ohlatis Curice.
Homines de Preston r.c. de 1 xxv.m. pro habenda Carta Eegis ut habeant libertates quas homines de Novo Castro habent. In th'ro xx.li. Et debent xxx.li.
Eicardus filius Eogeri r.c. de quater xx. et vj.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.d. pro habenda terra sua quam forisfecerat, quia filiam suam h^redem suam dederat sine licentia Regis. In th'ro xx.m.
Et debet Ixxiij.li. et vij.s. {sic).
Idem Eadulfus debet Ixxviij.li. et iij.s. et viij.d. pro habendo respectu de Placitis forestariis de Lancastra.
Eicardus filius Waldevii debet c.s. pro habendo recto de homini- bus suis, qui se faciunt liberos cum non suit.
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 27 HENRY II. (MICH. 1180-MICH. 1181).
The entries in this roll relating to Lancashire are mere matters of routine, and a re-statement of debts owing from the previous year, with the exception of the last item.
Eichard, son of Waltheof, owes £5 for a writ of right against his men, who were making themselves freemen, when they were, as he claimed, his nativi or villeins. Perhaps his villeins were endeavouring to take action at law or to obtain some legal decision, which would imply that they were free men.^
^ A villein might be enfranchised by the grant from his lord of a deed of manu- mission, by manumission obtained through the intervention of the Church, by escaping to a free borough and dwelling there for the space of a year and a day ; or by implied manumission, as where his lord gave him an estate in fee, for life or years, or brought an action against him ; in fact, by dealing with his villein on the same footing as if he were free, whereby the law presumed that the lord intended to set his villein free.
4(5 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
MAG. EOT. PIR, 28 HENEICI 11. (1181-1182).
(EoLL 1^0. 28. m. 5, dor so.) Lancastra, quia no7i erat ei locus in Norhuniberland.
Eadulfus films Bernard! reddit Compoturn de cc.li. numero de firma de Lancastra. In thesauro c. et l.li. et xv.s. et vij.d.
Et in terris datis Willelmo de Valeines x.li. numero in Culfho. Et AVillelmo filio Walkelini ix.li. in Stainesbeia. Et Nigello de Greselea iiij.li. et xvj.s. in Drakelawa. Et Engelrano Portario et Eogero de Sancto Albino xx.li. numero in Crokeston. Et Warino Venatori xxv.s. et j.d. de liberatione sua per breve Eegis. Et Jacobo l.s. et j.d. de liberatione sua per idem breve. Et Gibbe xxvj.s. et iij.ob. de liberatione sua per idem breve. Et Petro [filio] Bernardi vij.s. et ij.d. de liberatione sua per idem breve. E. Q. E.
Idem Eadulfas r.c. de vj.li. de Cremento de Presteton. Et de vj.s. de firma de Mareton hoc anno. In th'ro lib. in ij. tallis.
E. Q. E.
Gilbertus filius Waldevii r.c. de xxxiij.li. et xv.s. et vj.d. ut Eex remittat ei utlagariam. In th'ro xxix.li. et iiij.s. et viij.d.
Et debet iiij.li. et x.s. et x.d.
Idem Eadulfus debet iiij.s. et viij.d. de auxilio de Presteton. Eobertus Archidecanus de Cestre debet c.s. de misericordia Eegis pro foresta. Eadulfus filius Bernardi debet dim. m. de auxilio de Lancastra.
De ohlatis Citrice.
Homines de Preston r.c. de xxx.li. pro habenda Carta Eegis ut habeant libertates quas homines de Novo Castro habent. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Eicardus filius Eogeri r.c. de Ixxiij.li. et vij.s. pro habenda terra sua quam forisfecerat, quia filiam suam hseredem dederat sine licentia Eegis. In th'ro xx.li. Et debet Iiij.li. et iij.s. (sic).
Idem Eadulfus r.c. de Ixxviij.li. et iij.s. et viij.d. de Comitatu de Lancastra ut habeant respectum de placitis forestariis de Lancastra. In th'ro Ixxj.li. et xj.s. et xj.d.
Et debet vj.li. et xj.s. et ix.d.
Eicardus filius Waldevii r.c. de c.s. pro habendo recto de hominibus suis, qui se faciunt liberos cum non suit. In th'ro y.ni. Et debet ij.m. et dim.
Eicardus de Mulineals r.c. de xx.s. pro licentia concordandi
ROLL OF 28 HENRY IL (1181-1182). 47
cum hominibus de Schingelton de quadam nova assisa. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Agnes Bonetable debet iij.m. pro habenda recognitione de feodo dimidii militis in Apelton.
Adam Decanus r.c. de xxvj.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.d. pro custodia Nepotis sui cum dimidia carrucata terrse et pro Maritanda matre ejus. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 28 HENRY IL (MICH. 1181-MlCH. 1182).
In this Eoll, after the simple heading " Lancastra," the clerk of the Exchequer, as if to explain the omission to include the county under Northumberland, has added, " because there was not place for it in Northumberland."
In the twenty-fifth year of his reign, Henry IL, at a great council held at Windsor, divided the Kingdom into four circuits, and appointed Justices to hold pleas in each division. The most northern consisted of " Notinghamsire, Derebesire, Euerwicsire, Northumberlande, Westmerilande, Cumberlande, Inter Eible et Meresee " and " Loncastre." So far as the present County of Lancaster was concerned, the nomenclature and divisions of the Domesday Survey were still in use. Eoger of Poictou is said to have been styled " Conite de Lancastre," but the Honor of Count Eoger lay in several different counties, hence the objection to describing the northern part of the Honor (beyond the Lyme), by the title of " Comte de Lancastre," or " Comitatus Lancastria;." The convenience, however, of classifying this part of the country as a county or shire, in administrative matters affecting that area, began to be recognised at this time ; " Lancastra " ceases to appear in the Pipe Eolls under Northumberland or Yorkshire, and "begins to assumes its position as one of the counties of England.
This year the Sheriff claimed allowance for several small payments made by authority of the King's writ, viz. — 25s. Id. to Warin, the Hunter ; 50s. Id. to James ; 26s. S^d. to Gibbe, and 7s. 2d. to Peter, son of Bernard, for their respective wages. These payments were probably connected with the King's journey to the north of England in August, 1181, when he accompanied the King of Scots as far as Eichmond.
In crediting Eichard, son of Eoger, with the payments made in liquidation of his Fine the previous year, the Sheriff made an error by stating the balance at 4d. too much. This year he made another miscalculation, in deducting 4s. more than the actual
48 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE EOLLS.
payment. In neither case does the error appear to have been afterwards corrected.
Eichard de Molyneux paid 20s. for licence to make concord with the men of Singleton, concerning a certain new assize. Singleton was one of the royal estates, and I suppose the King's homines, resisting some new exaction, had appealed to the Curia Eegis, with the result that Eichard Molyneux thought ht to make terms with them.
Agnes Bonetable owed 3 marks for a recognition of her right in half a knight's fee in Appleton, held of the barony of Widnes, which acknowledgment she had obtained in the Curia Eegis, possibly against John, Constable of Chester. An entry in the Pipe Eoll of 1 John, throws a little light upon this entry ; but it can only be surmised that Agnes Bonetable was the daughter and heir of one of the military tenants of this fief, and had been in ward to John, Constable of Chester. Poverty appears to have prevented her paying the 3 (sometimes stated to be 4) marks, which had been proffered in the Curia Eegis for the acknowledg- ment of her right. Before King John's accession to the throne she had become the wife of Eichard de Venables, who may have been a younger brother of Sir William de Venables, Baron of Kinderton. At any rate, in 1 John, Eichard de Venables and Agnes, his wife, gave 20s. for a recognition of mort d'ancestor against Eoger, Constable of Chester, concerning this half knight's fee in Appleton, with the appurtenances. Thirty or forty years later Eoger de Venables granted by charter to John de Lacy all his right and title in Appleton, Crouton, and Upton. At the time of the Feodary, recorded in the Testa de Nevill, circa 1242, this half fee was held in demesne by Edmund de Lacy, then in his minority.
Adam, Dean of Kirkham^ in Amounderness, had offered 40 marks for the wardship of his nephew, with half a carucate of land, and the marriage of the mother. The locality of the land is unfortunately omitted.
^ In the Fine Koll, 7 John, it is recorded that William, son of Richard, gave 1 mark for a prcecipe quod reddat, aga'nst Adam the dean, who had the custody of the land and the wardship of the said William.
LOLL OF 29 HENRY IT. (1182-1183). 49
MAG. EOT. PIP., 29 HENEICI II. (1182-1183). (Poll ISTo. 29. m. 5, dorso.) Lancastra. Eadulfus filius Bernard! reddit Compotum de cc.li. numero de firma de Lancastra. In thesauro c. et Ivj.li. et iiij.s. numero.
Et in terris datis Willelmo de Yaleines x.li. nuaiero in Cloflio. Et Willelmo filio Walkelini ix.li. in Stainesbeia. Et Nigello de Gresselee iiij.li. et xvj.s. in Drakeslawe. Et Engelranno Portario et Eogero de Sancto Albino xx.li. numero in Crokeston. E. Q. E.
Idem [Eadulfus] r.c. de vj.li. de Cremento de Preston. Et de xj.s. de firma de Mareton hoc anno. In tb'ro lib. in ij. tallis.
E. Q. E. Gilbertus filius Waldevii r.c. de iiij.li. et x.s. et x.d. ut Eex remittat ei utlagariam. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Idem Eadulfus r.c. de iiij.s. et viij.d. de auxilio de Preston. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Eobertus Archidecanus Cestriae debet c.s. de misericordia Eegis pro foresta. Eadulfus filius Bernardi debet dim. m. de auxilio de Lancastra, quae remansit pro pauperitate.
De ohlatis Curice.
Eicardus filius Eogeri r.c. de Iiij.li. et iij.s. pro habenda terra sua quam forisfecerat quia filiam suam hseredem dederat sine licentia Eegis. In th'ro xv.li. Et debet xxxviij.li. et iij.s.
Idem Eadulfus r.c. de vj.li. et xj.s. et ix.d. de Comitatu de Lan- castra ut habeant respectum de placitis forestariis de Lancastra. In th'ro xxx.s. et ij.d. Et debet c.s. et xix.d.
Eicardus filius Waldevii r.c. de ij.m. et dim. pro hahendo recto de hominibus suis, qui se faciunt liberos cum non suit. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Agnes Bonetable debet iij.m. pro habenda recognitione de feodo dimidii militis in Appelton, sed nusquam inveniret.
Nova Placita et Novce Conventiones per Tomam filium Bernardi et
Socios siios. Idem Vicecomes Eadulfus^ r.c. de xxx.m. de communi miseri- cordia Comitatus de Lancastra pro concelamento. In th'ro xvij.li. et viij.d.
^ In the Chancellor's Antegraph Vic' has been cancelled, Radulfus being added instead.
E
50 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
Et debet Hx.s. et iiij.d.
Jordanus de Mamecestre r.c. de xx.s. quia non est prosecutus breve suum. lu th'ro x.s.
Et debet x.s.
Waldevius Presb3'ter r.c. de iiij.m. de debito Eadulli filii Gervasii, qui cum utlagatis interfectus est. In tb'ro iij.m. Et debet j.m.
Tomas et Bernardus, filii Pbilippi reddunt Compotum de ij.m. pro defectu. In tb'ro j.m. Et debent j.m.
Henricus Decanus de Wallebi^ debet v.m. quia renuit dare Wagium {sic) et plegios Justiciariis.
De ohlatis Curice.
\J)']olfiniis de Gersiiigeliam'^ r.c. dej.m. pro liabendo respectu de loquela versus Adam, donee Kex veniat in Angliam. In tb'ro lib.
E. Q. E.
Badulfus Vicecomcs r.c. de vjli. et vj'^. et viij.d. de minutis misericordiis bominum in Ballia sua quorum nomina et debita et causse debitorum scripta sunt in Eotulis Justiciariorum, quos ipsi liherauerunt in ihcsauro. In tb'ro lib. in xvj. tallis. E. Q. E.
Idem r.c. de xxvj.s. et viij.d. de catallis Adce et Thomcc occisorum cum utlagatis. In tb'ro lib. E. Q. E.
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 29 HENRY II. (MICH. 1182-MICH. 1183).
Tliere is notbinof new in tbe account of tbe ferm of tbe Honor this year. Tbe statement of old debts remaining due is repeated year by year, and requires no further comment.
" De Oblatis Curiae." — The entries under this heading are also matters of repetition.
"Nova placita et ISTov^ conventiones." — During the year 1183, Thomas fitz Bernard had been in Eyre in the county, probably accompanied by Alan de Furnellis and Robert de Wite- feld. They not only dealt with forest matters, but also with matters of ordinary assize.
The county had neglected to make presentation concerning trespasses and other offences against the Forest, for concealment of which the Justices had imposed fines amounting to 30 marks.
Jordan, Dean of Manchester, having obtained a writ of right to
•^ Whalley ; Decanus interlmed in the C. A.
^ The words in italics have been added from the Chancellor's Aniegraph to Fupply the place of mutilations in the original roll.
KOLL OF 30 HENRY IT. (1183-1184). 51
prosecute some one, had withdrawn his plea without licence, and was fined 205.
Waltheof, the priest, answers for a debt of 4 marks owing by Ealph, son of Gcrvase, who had been killed in the company of outlaws.
Thomas and Bernard, sons of Philip, for default as suitors or sureties at the Assizes, were fined 2 marks.
Henry, Dean of Whalley, described in the pedigree of the Towneley family, as " Henry the younger, successor to Robert, Dean of Whalley," was fined 5 marks for refusal to give security and sureties to the Justices in connection with some pending suit. He died before the following Michaelmas (1184).
"De oblatis Curi^." — Dolfin de Gressingham, a tenant by serjeanty, tendered 1 mark to have his suit with Adam respited until the King's return to England. He held some office in the royal Forest of Lancaster, and desired to be heard before the King in the Curia Regis. The King returned from France on June 10th, 1184.
The Eyre of the Justices had not been productive of a large sum for fines imposed. Sixteen items only amounted to £6 6s. 8d.y the details of w^hich were contained in a roll w^hich the Justices delivered to the Treasury, leaving the Sheriff to collect this sum from a duplicate roll, which was not however, copied into the Pipe Roll.
Two other individuals had been killed in the company of outlaws, perhaps resisting arrest. Their goods and chattels real- ized 26s. Sd. for the King's benefit.
MAG. ROT. PIP., 30 HENRICI II. (1183-1184). (Roll No. 30. m. 7, dorso.) Zancastra. Radulfus filius Bernardi reddit Compotum de cc.li. numero de firma de Lancastra. In thesauro c. et Ivj.li. et iiij.s. numero. Et in terris datis Willelmo de Valeines x.li. numero in Clofho. Et Willelmo filio Walkelini ix.li. in Stainesbeia. Et Nigello de Greselee iiij.li. et xvj.s. in Drakeslawa. Et Engelranno Poitario et Rogero de Sanctb Albino xx.li. numero in Crokeston.
E. Q, E. Idem r.c. de vj.li. de Cremento de Preston. Et de xj.s. de firma de Mare ton. In th'ro lib. in ij. tallis. E. Q. E.
E 2
52 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
Eobertus Archidecanus de Cestre debet c.s. de inisericordia Kegis pro foresta. Radulfus filius Bernardi debet dim. m. de auxilio de Lancastra qu8e remansit pro pauperitate.
De ohlatis Curice.
Eicardus filius Eogeri r.c. de xxxviij.li. et iij.s. pro habenda terra sua quam forisfecerat quia filiam suam hoeredem dederat sine licentia Eegis. In tU'ro x.li. Et debet xxviij.li. et iij.s.
Idem Eadulfus r.c. de c.s. et xix.d. de Comitatu de Lancastra ut habeat respectum de placitis forestariis de Lancastra. In th'ro
iij.cl.
Et in perdonis per breve Eegis Hugoni de Morewich xlij.s. et
viij.d. Et debet Iviij.s. et viij.d. Agnes Bonetable debet iij.m. pro habenda recognitione de feodo dimidii militis in Appelton. Sed nichil habet.
De placitis forestcc per Tomamjilium Bernardi et Socios suos.
Idem Vicecomes r.c. de lix.s. et iiij.d. de misericordia Comitatus de Lancastra pro concelamento. In th'ro iiij.s. et viij.d.
Et in perdonis per breve Eegis Monacis de Furneis xiij.s. et viij.d. Et fratribus hospitali de Jerusalem v.s. et v.d. Et debet xxxv.s. et vij.d. Idem r.c. de eodem debito. In perdonis per breve Eegis Hugoni de Morewich ix.s. et iiij.d. Et debet xxvj.s. et iij.d.
Jordanus de Mammecestre r.c. de x.s. quia non est prosecutus breve suum. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Waldevius presbyter debet j.m. de debito Eadulfi filii Gervasii, qui cum utlagatis interfectus est. Tomas et Bernardus filii Philippi debent j.m. pro defalta.
Henricus Decanus de Wallega debet v.m. quia renuit dare Wadium et plegios Justiciariis, sed mortuus est.
Nova placita et norm conventiones. De ohlatis Curice.
Gilbertus Bastardus debet j.m. pro habeudo recto de equabus suis versus Hugonem de Winewich.
Adam Decanus r.c. de c.s. ut liceat ei maritare filiam suam, qu9e erat de donacione Eegis, fiHo Normanni de Eedeman. In th'ro v.m. Et debet ij.m. et dim.
Idem Vicecomes r.c. de viij.s. de exilu de Clifton, qure fuit Henrici Pultrelli utlagati. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
ROLL OF 31 HENRY IL (1184-1185). 53
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 30 HENRY IL (mICH. 1183-MICH. 1184).
"De placitis forest.e." — Under this heading a balance of 59s. 4:d. remained due in fines for conceahnent of offences against the forest. The monks of Furness and the brethren of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem, were excused their fines, as also was Hugh de Morwich, who held an estate in Farleton and Cants- field under Geoffrey de Valoines, who held by grant from Adam de Montbegon. This Hugh was an officer of the King's Court, and occasionally acted as Justiciar. He held the office of Sheriff of Cumberland, from Easter 1185 to Michaelmas 1186. In addition to the sum remitted for concealments, he was excused 42s. Sd., the quota due fiom himself, or his tenants, towards the fine or compo- sition of £78 3s. 4:d., accepted by the Justices in 1179-80, for respite of pleas of the forest In both cases he produced the royal writ excusing the fines.
" De oblatis Curiae." — Gilbert the Bastard was taking action against Hugh de Winwick for the recovery of his brood mares.
Adam, Dean of Kirkham, had obtained licence to marry his daughter, who was of the King's donation, to [Henry ?], son of Norman de Eedman, of Yealand.
Clifton had escheated to the King, by reason of the outlawry of Henry Colt, who had held that land. The issues for the year realized 8s. This would be Clifton in the parish of Eccies,
MAG. ROT. PIR, 31 HENRICI II. (1184-1185).
(Roll No. 31. m. 1.)
Lancastra.
Radulfus filius Bernardi reddit Compotum de quater xxJL numero de firma Maneriorum honoris de Lancastra de dimidio anno, scilicet a festo Sancti Michaelis usque ad Pascha. In thesauro Iviij.li. et ij.s.
Et in terris datis Willelmo de Valeinis c.s. in Culeford de dimidio anno. Et Willelmo filio Walkelin iiij.li. et x.s. in Stain- esbi de eodem termino. Et Mgello de Greseleia xlviij.s. in Drakelawe de eodem termino. Et Engelrano [Portario] et Rogero de Sancto Albano x.li. in Crokeston de eodem termino. E. Q. E.
Gilbertus Pipard, Hugo f rater ejus pro eo r.c. de c. et xx.li. numero de firma Maneriorum honoris de Lancastra de dimidio anno a Pascha usque ad festum Sancti Michaelis. In th'ro quater XX. et xiij.li. et ij.s.
54 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
Et in terris datis Willelmo de Valeines c.s. in Culeford de dimidio anno. Et Willelmo filio Walkelini iiij.li. et x.s. in Staineresbi, de eodem terinino. Et ISTigello de Greseleia xlviij.s. in Drakelawa de eodem termino. Et Engelrano [Portario] et Eogero de Sancto Albano x.li. in Croston de eodem termino. Et debet c.s.
Idem r.c. de vj.li. de Cremento de Preston. Et de xij.s. de firma de Mereton. In tli'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Idem r.c. de ij.s. de quadam domo escaeta in Preston. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Idem r.c. de iiij.s. de Clyfton de dimidio anno. In th'ro lib.
E. Q. E.
Idem r.c. de ij.s. de Kirkedale de dimidio anno. In th'ro lib.
E. Q. K
Robertus Archidecanus de Cestre debet c.s. de misericordia pro foresta.
Idem Gilbertus Pipard debet vj.s. et viij.d. de Auxilio de Lancastra quod remansit pro pauperitate.
Eicardus filius Eogeri r.c. de xxviij.li. et iij.s. pro habenda terra sua quam forisfecerat, quia filiam suam hteredem dederat sine licentia Regis. In th'ro xiij.li. Et debet xv.li. et iij.s.
Idem Gilbertus r.c. de Iviij.s. et viij.d. de Comitatu de Lan- castra ut liabeat respectum de placitis forestariis de Lancastra. In th'ro xlij.s. et iiij.d. Et in Perdonis per breve Regis fratribus Hospitalis de Jerusalem xvj.s. et iiij.d. E. Q. E.
Agnes Bonetable debet iij.m. pro habenda recognitione de feodo j. militis in Appelton. Sed nichil habet.
Idem Gilbertus r.c. de xxvj.s. et iij.d. de misericordia Comitatus pro concelamento. In tli'ro xxiij.s. et iij.d. Et debet iij.s.
Waldevius Presbyter debet j.m. de debito Radulfi filii Gervasii qui cum utlagatis interfectus est.
Tomas [et] Bernardus filii Philippi reddunt Compotum de j.m. de misericordia. Et debent dim. m.
Henricus decanus Credewallega^ debet v.m. quia renuit dare vadium et plegios Justiciaris. Sed mortuus est.
Hugo Bastard r.c. [de] j.m. de misericordia. In th'ro dim. m. Et debet dim. m.
Adam Decanus r.c. de ij.m. et dim. ut liceat ei maritare filiam suam quie erat de Donatione Regis, tilio Normanni de Redman. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
^ de Wallega, i.e. of Wballey.
ROLL OF 31 HENRY IL (1184-1185). 55
Nova Placita et Novcc Conventiones per Godefridum de Liici et Socios
suos.
Idem Gilbertus r.c. de j.m. de misericordia Helyoe clerici de Boelton. Et de dim. m. de misericordia Eogeri Preedicatoris. Et de dim. m. de misericordia Willelmi filii Alexandri. Et de dim. m. de misericordia Leinsig' de J^newurd. Et de dim. m. de miseri- cordia Ulfi de Seftewurd. Et de dim. m. de misericordia Eoberti filii Leuenoth. Summa xlvj.s. et viij.d. In th'ro lib. in vj. tallis.
E. Q. E.
Jordanus Decanus de Mammecestre r.c. de v.m. pro disseisina injusta. In tli'ro lib. E, Q. E.
Kicardus de Eabi debet dim. m. pro defalta.
Alanus filius Outi r.c. de c.s. quia non habuit quem plegiavit. In tli'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Adam de Wallega debet dim. m. quia retraxit se de appella- tione sua.
Idem Gilbertus r.c. de iij.m. de Communi misericordia de Wapentacbio de Eurneis pro concelamento placitorum Coronse. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Yillata de Preston r.c. de v.m. de misericordia pro liomine quem homines ejusdem villse posuerunt ad aquam sine Waranto. In th'ro hb. E. Q. E.
Idem Gilbertus r.c. de xx.li. de Communi misericordia Comi- tatus de Lancastra pro concelamento placitorum Coronse. In th'ro xv.li. et xj.s. et viij.d. Et debet iiij.li. et viij.s. et iiij.d.
Idem r.c. de xj.li. de misericordiis hominum et villarum quorum debita et nomina [et causye] debitorum annotantur in Eotulo quem libera vit in thesauro. In th'ro lib. in xxij. tallis.
E. Q. E.
Comitatus de Lancastra debet l.m. pro habendo respectum de placitis forestse. Osbertus filius Eoberti debet dim. m. pro licentia concordandi de ij. Bovatis terrse.
Alexander filius Alexandri r.c. de c.s. ut possit esse sub salvis plegiis. In th'ro Ixxv.s. et v.d. Et debet xxiiij.s. et vij.d.
Idem Gilbertus r.c. de j.m. de Eicardo de Helanda et de Gilberto de Noton pro licentia concordandi. Et de dim. m. de Alexandre Mercatore pro eodem. Et de xx.s. de Henrico de Hesele pro eodem. Et de dim. marc, de Gam'el de Morton pro eodem. Et de j.m. de Eicardo filio Dolfin pro eodem. Et de ij.m. de Alexandre de Eediveshale ut possit esse sub salvis plegiis. Summa iiij.li. et vj.s. et viij.d. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
J
56 THE LAXCASHIPtE PIPE POLLS.
Ailsi et Gamel de Slin cum sociis suis redduiit compotum de xx.s. pro accipitribus Eegis perditis. In tli'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Eogerus filius WlHet r.c. de dim. m. pro licentia redeiindi. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Eicardus et Adam de Smededon reddunt Compotum de j.m. ut Piscaria quam firmaverant prope defensam possit stare. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
De Oh[l]ai{s Curiae, per Rannulphum de Glanvilla.
Eogerus Pincerna deb. v.m. ut Eicardus et Eobertus filii Uchtredi veniant coram Justiciis ad ostendendum si clament duas carrucatas terra3 in Clacton ad terminum vel ad feodum.
Willelmus filius PiCrnardi de Hest r.c. de x.m. pro habenda terra Patris sui in Hest et Caton. In tli'ro v.m. Et debet v.m.
Eobertus filius Uchtredi debet xx.m. pro licentia concordandi.
Benedictus Gernet r.c. de v.m. pro concordia injuste facta de placito CoroncC. In th'ro ij.m. Et debet iij.m.
NOTES ox THE PIPE POLL OF 31 HENRY IL (mICH. 1184-MICH. 1185).
Ealph fitz Bernard quitted office at Easter 1185, having held the post of Sheriff since the summer of 1174. He was succeeded by Gilbert Pipard, who in consequence of his official duties as Justice itinerant, put his brother Hugh in his place to execute the office for him.
A burgage in Preston had escheated to the King, and yielded 25. for the year.
Kirkdale was also temporarily in the King's hands, the issues realising 25. for the half year. This estate was a member of the barony of Penwortham, and had been bestowed by Warin Bussel, temp. Henry I., upon one Xorman, whose son William granted it to Eoger de Kirkdale, who held it at this time. It was no uncom- mon circumstance for an estate to be taken into the King's hands by the Sheriff, when the owner was disobedient to the writ of summons of the Curia Eegis, or until he found sureties to answer a summons of the Court. This would explain the temporary seizure recorded here. Eoger de Kirkdale dying about the 1-2 John, left by his wife Godith, an only daughter Quenild, afterwards in ward to King John, who married her to Eichard, son of Eoger.^ In addition to Kirkdale, from which place the said Quenild took her
^ Not to be confounded with Richard, son of Eoger, of Ljtham, Woodplumpton, etc., to whom reference has already been made, p. 43.
>?
r
ROLL OF 31 HENRY IL (1184-1185). 57
n' V name, she held, by royal grant, one carucate of land in Formby, by I ^ > grand serjeanty of conducting the King's Treasury to Blakebrook, ^ • C^ when the Court passed through the Hundreds of West Derby or ) t-^ S I^eyland. She had two or three daughters ; one married Jordan de
- .<?*^ Thornhill, who held one carucate of land in thanage by the service JiJN^'j of 4s. Sd. yearly; the others, Emma and Ellen, were parties to a
T^ fine levied at Lancaster, 26 Henry III., concerning two oxgangs
\ ) r*\\^ ^^ l^^d in Kirkdale, in which Emma released all her title to
" * her sister Ellen. In the latter part of the reign of Henry III.,
William, son of William de Walton, was mesne lord of Kirkdale
under Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln.
- "^ ^ "f " Nova placita et ^oyje Conventiones." — Godfrey de Lucy ' fv ^ 3 and his associates, Hugh de Morwich, Eobert de Vaux (then
Sheriff of Cumberland), and Hugh Murdach, or some three of them, had been in Eyre in the Counties of Northumberland, Cumberland, York, and Lancaster during the year 1185. Under the heading " New Pleas and New Conventions," the present roll discloses an extensive list of cases dealt with by these Justices.
Elias, the clerk of Bolton ; Eoger, the Town-crier (?) ; William, son of Alexander, Leinsig (Lesing ?) de Earn worth, Ulf de South- worth, and Robert, son of Levenoth, were amerced, perhaps for neglect to obey the summons to attend at the Assizes. ' Jordan, Dean of Manchester, 5 marks for a wrongful ejectment or disseisin; Eichard de Eoby for a default; Alan, son of Outy, 100s. for failing to produce him for whom he was surety ; Adam de Whalley for withdrawing from his appeal without the licence of the Justices.
The whole County of Lancaster was amerced £20 for conceal- ^ ment of Pleas of the Crown, and the Wapentake of Eurness ^ 3 marks for the same default.
The town of Preston had been exercising judicial rights not included within the scope of their charter of liberties, and without royal warrant. Some luckless being, charged no doubt with the commission of a serious offence, had been subjected to the ordeal by water, and had doubtless perished in the Eibble.
The Sheriff had collected fines amounting to £11, which he had delivered into the Treasury, with the roll containing the details of some twenty-two convictions.
The county again obtained respite from Pleas of the Forest by a general commutation, for the sum of 50 marks.
The following persons obtained licence to make concords respecting pleas of land : — Osbert, son of Eobert, concerning two
^^^■^
58 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
oxgangs of land; Eichard de Eland and Gilbert de Notion," Alexander the Merchant, Henry de Heselee, Gamel de Morton, Eichard, son of Dolfin, and Eobert, son of Ughtred [de Singleton].
Alexander, son of Alexander, paid 100s., and Alexander de Eedivale, 2 marks, to he under safe pledges, i.e., to be secure from attachment by their bodies or goods, upon finding good sureties.
Ailsy and Gamel de Sline, and their associates, had been mulcted in the sum of 205. for the King's hawks, which they had lost.
Eoger, son of Ulfiet (Uvieth), fined for licence to return into Court, i.e., to obtain a new trial.
Eichard and Adam de Smeedon paid a fine of 1 mark that the fishery in the Mersey, near the pales of Toxteth Park, which they held at farm, might not be taken from them.
" De Oblatis Curi^ per Eanulphum de Glanvilla." — Eoger le Boteler had proffered 5 marks for a writ to summon Eichard and Eobert, the sons of Ughtred, son of Huck, before the Justices of the Curia Eegis, to declare whether they claimed to hold two carucates of land in Claughton at farm or in fee. A few years later the same brothers were defending a suit respecting land in Broughton, in which Theobald Walter was the plaintiff. The elder brother Eichard was ancestor of the family of Singleton, between whom and the Butlers of Eawcliffe there appears to have been litigation, extending over a long period, respecting the former's right to the Manor of Broughton.
William, son of Bernard de Hest, gave 10 marks to have livery of his father's land in Hest and Caton. He held, temp. John, one carucate of land in IMiddleton and half a carucate of land in Hest in thanage, by grant from the King, by the service of 21s. 4(1. yearly.
Benedict Gernet had been making an agreement concerning some offence which ought to have been presented before the Justices of Assize. This was equivalent to the concealment of a plea of the Crown.
MAG. EOT. PIP., 32 HENEICI II. (1185-1186).
(Eoll No. 32. m. 10, et m. 10 dorso.)
Lancastra.
Gilbertus Pipardus, Hugo frater ejus, pro eo reddit compotum
de c.s. de veteri firma manerionim Honoris de Lancastra. In
thesauro liberavit. Et Quietus est.
ROLL OF 32 HENRY IL (1185-1186). 59
Et Idem de nova firma. In th'ro c. et Ivj.li. et iiij.s. numero.
Et in terris datis Willelmo de Valeines x.li. numero in Clofho. Et Willelmo filio Walkelini ix.li. in Stainesbi. Et Nigello de Greselea iiij.li. et xvj.s. in Drakeslawa. Et Engelrano Portario et Kogero de Sancto Albino xx.li. numero in Crokeston. E. Q. E.
Idem r.c. de vj.li. de cremento de Preston. Et de xij.s. de firma de Mereton. In th'ro lib. in ij. tallis. E. Q. E.
Idem r.c. de ij.s. de quadam Domo escaeta in Preston. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Idem r.c. de viij.s. de exitu de Clifton. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Idem r.c. de Iv.s. et vij.d. de exitu terroe quae fuit Kogeri filii Kandulli cujus haeres est in manu Eegis. In th'ro lib.
E. Q. E.
Kobertus Archidecanus de Cestre deb. c.s. de misericordia pro foresta.
Eicardus filius Eogeri r.c. de xiij.li. xv.li. et iij.s. pro habenda terra sua quam forisfecerat, quia filiam suam fee {sic) hseredem dederat sine liceutia Eegis. In th'ro x.m. Et debet viij.li. et ix.s. et viij.d.
Agnes Bonetable debet iij.m. pro habenda recognitione de feodo j. militis in Appelton. Sed nichil habet.
Idem Gilbertus r.c. de iij.s. de misericordia comitatus pro concelamento. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Waldevius Presbyter r.c. de j.m. de debitis Eadulfi filii Gervasii, qui cum utlagatis interfectus est. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Tomas et Bernardus filii Philippi r.c. de dim. m. de misericordia. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Hugo Bastardus r.c. de dim. m. de misericordia. In th'ro lib.
E. Q. E.
De Placitis Godefridi de Luci et Sociorum ejus.
Eicardus de Eabi r.c. de dim. m. pro defalta. In th'ro lib.
E. Q. E.
Adam deWallega debet dim. m. quia retraxit se de appellatione sua.
Idem Gilbertus r.c. de iiij.li. et viij.s. et viij.d. de Communi misericordia Comitatus de Lancastra, pro concelamento placitorum Coronse. In th'ro xxxix.s. et iiij.d. Et in Perdonis per breve Eegis fratribus Hospitalis v.s. et iiij.d. Et debet xliij.s. et viij.d.
Comitatus de Lancastra r.c. de l.m. pro habendo Eespectum de placitis forestce. In th'ro xxj.li. et xv.s. et x.d.
60 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
Et ill Perclonis per breve Eegis fratribus Hospitalis viij.s. et iij.d, Et debet xj.li. et ij.s. et vij.d.
Alexander filius Alexaiidri r.c. de xxiiij.s. et viij.d. ut possit esse sub salvis plegiis. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Eogerus Pincerna r.c. de v.m. ut Kicardus et Robertus filii Uclitredi veniant coram Justiciariis ad ostendendum si clameut ij. carrucatas terrse in Clacton ad terminum vel ad feodum. In th'ro iiij.m. Et debent j.m.
Willelmus filius Bernardi de Hest r.c. de v.m. pro habenda terra patris sui in Hest et Catton. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Eobertus filius Uchtredi r.c. de xx.m. pro licentia concordandi. In th'ro x.m. Et debet x.m.
Benedictus Gernet r.c. de iij.m. pro Concordia injuste facta de placita Coron93. In th'ro xx.s. Et debet xx.s. Be^idre copiani infra.
Villata de Clifton r.c. de dim. m. pro defalta. In th'ro lib.
E. Q. E.
Benedictus Gernet r.c. de xx.s. pro concordia injuste facta de placita Coronce. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
De Ohlatis Curice. Willelmo de Fourneis r.c. de xx.m. pro fine terrse. In th'ro v.m. Et debet xv.m.
Nova 'placita de foresia jper Nigellum filium Alexandri et Arnisium
de NevilL
Idem Gilbertus r.c. de l.m. de Comitatu de Lancastra pro respectu Reguardi forestse. In th'ro x.m. Et debet xl.m.
Radulfus filius Bernardi r.c. de viij.li. de firma de Catton de viij. annis. In Perdonis ipsi Radulfo viij.li. per breve Regis, quod est in Dorseta. E. Q. E.
Idem Gilbertus r.c. de j.m. de Warino falconario pro canibus contra assisam. Et de ij.m. de Haroldo de Lancastra pro vaccariis in foresta. Et de iij.s. et iiij.d. de Pagano de Niweton pro viridi. Et de iij.s. et iiij.d. de Willelmo filio Godefridi fabri pro viridi. Et de dim. m. de Guillot Ballivo Prioris de Lancastra, quia non liabuit quos plegiavit. In th'ro lib. in v. tallis. E. Q. E.
Prior de Lancastra r.c. de xlv.s. pro defalta. In th'ro lib.
E. Q. E.
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 32 HENRY II. (MICH. 1185-MICH. 1186).
Gilbert Pipard, the recently appointed Sheriff, was still represented in office by his brother Hugh, who answers for the
ROLL OF 32 HENRY IL (1185-1186). 61
balance of IOO5. remaining due for the previous year's ferm of the manors of the Honor of Lancaster.
He also answers for 55s. Id., the issues of land which belonged to Eoger, son of Eanulph de Gameleston, of Glameleston and Maresey, co. Notts., recently deceased, whose son and heir, Eanulph de Maresey, was in ward to the King. The land consisted of four carucates in the townships of Little Bolton, Breightmet, Eadcliffe, and Urmeston, which he hela temp. John, in capite, by the service of 10s. yearly and one judge. His father during his lifetime had founded the Priory of Mattersey or Marsey, co. Notts. {Monasticoii, Vol. VL p. 965.)
The arrears of fines remaining due from the Eyre of Godfrey de Lucy and his associates are fully set out, payments made and allowances to the brethren of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem being duly recorded.
"De oblatis Curi^." — William de Furness paid 20 marks for livery of his father's land, as I suppose. He was son and heir of Michael le Fleming de Furness, who held twenty and a half carucates of land in Furness.
"Nova placita de foresta." — Nigel fitz Alexander and Ernise de Nevill had been in Eyre during the year, and had held Pleas of the Forest in several counties, including Lancashire. The regard of the Forest was again respited, the county offering the sum of 50 marks in lieu thereof.
Ealph fitz Bernard, the late Sheriff, renders an account of £8 for the ferm of Caton, which had been in the Kino's hands for eight years, during the minority of William, son of Bernard de Hest, who had paid 10 marks the previous year for livery of this land. The Sheriff produces the King's writ discharging him from liability for this sum, because — as I understand it — he had already accounted for it in the Dorset Pipe Eoll.
The Sheriff had collected the fines arising from five convictions against the Forest, of which details are given : — Warin the Fal- coner for keeping dogs in the forest, contrary to assize, i.e., which had not been expedited in accordance with the Assize of Wood- stock^ ; Harold of Lancaster for vaccaries or cow sheds for the
' Only certain breeds of dogs, such as mastiffs, were permitted to be kept within the precincts of the forests, and these were to be used only for the protection of houses, goods, or live stock. AccorJing to the Assize of Woodstock, iemp. Henry II,, all such dogs were to be lawed, expedited or hambled, i.e., rendered lame by the mutilation of cutting off the claws of the fore-feet.
62 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
cattle pasturing in the forest; Payn de Newton^ and William, son of Godfrey the Smith, for offences against the vert ; Guillot, the Prior of Lancaster's bailiff, for failing to produce some one before tlie Justices for whom, he was surety.
The Prior of Lancaster rendered account of his ow^n fine of 40s. for some default made before the Justices, either in person or by some one for whom he had become surety.
MAG. EOT. PIP., 33 HENEICI IL (1186-1187).
(Poll No. 33. 7n. 2.) Lancastra.
Gilbertus Pipardus, Petrus frater ejus pro eo, reddit compotum de firma Honoris de Lancastra. In th'ro c. et xxx.li. et xv.s. numero.
Et in terris datis Willelmo de Valeinis x.li. in Cofho. Et Willelmo filio Walkeline ix.li. in Staineresbi. Et Nigello de Greselega iiij.li. et xvj.s. in Drakelawa. Et Engelrano Portario et Ptogero de Sancto Albino xx.li. in Crokeston. Et Yictori xxix.s. in Wellingoura de dimidio anno, per breve Eegis et Amodo totum.
Et debet xxiiij.li. numero.
Idem reddit compotum de vj.li. de Cremento de Preston. Et de xij.s. de firma de Mere ton. Et de ij.s. de quadam Domo escaeta in Preston. Et de viij.s. de exitu de Clifton. In th'ro lib. in iiij. tallis. E. Q. E.
Idem r.c. de x.s. de exitu terrie qu?e fuit Eogeri filii Eandulfi cujus haeres est in manu Eegis, de anno praeterito. Et de xliiij.s. et iiij.d. de exitu ejusdem terrae de hoc anno, post quam uxor ejus habuit Dotem suam. In th'ro lib. in ij. tallis. E. Q. E.
Eobertus Archidecanus de Cestria debet c.s. de misericordia pro foresta. Agnes Bonetable debet iij.m. pro recognitione feodi j. militis in Appelton. Sed nichil habet.
Eicardus filius Eogeri r.c. de viij.li. et ix.s. et viij.d. pro habenda terra sua quam forisfecerat quia filiani suam ha^redem dederat sine licentia Eegis. In th'ro c. et vj.s. et viij.d. Et debet Ixiij.s.
De placitis Godefridi de Licci et socioruvi ejus. Adam de Wallega r.c. de dim. m. quia retraxit se de appellatione sua. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
1 " Paganus de Niweton " was a military tenant of "William, Earl of Ferrers, in Derbyshire, in 1166. Liber Niger. ^
ROLL OF 3.3 HENRY IL (1186-1187). 63
Idem Gilbertus r.c. de xliij.s. et viij.d. de Commimi misericordia Comitatus de Lancastra pro concelamento placiti Coronse. In tli'ro xxx.s. et iiij.d Et debet xiij.s. et iiij.d.
Rogevus Pincerna r.c. de j.m. pro recto versus Ricardum et Robertum filios Uchtredi. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Robertas filius Uchtredi r.c. de x.m. pro licentia concordandi In th'ro Ivij.s. et x.d. Et debet Ixxv.s. et vj.d.
Comitatus de Lancastra r.c. de xj.li. et ij.s. et vij.d. pro habendo respectu de placitis forestse. In th'ro viij.li. et xviij.s. et v.d. Et in Perdonis per breve Regis fratribus Hospitalis xxij.d. Et debet xiij.s. et iiij.d.
De ohlatis Curiae.
Willelmus de Fourneis r.c. de x.li. pro fine terrae. In th'ro c. et vj.s. et viij.d. Et debet iiij.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.d.
Idem Gilbertus r.c. de xl.m. de Comitatu de Lancastra pro respectu rewardi forestse. In th'ro xxiiij.li. et xvj.s. et vj.d. Et in Perdonis per breve Regis fratribus Hospitalis vj.s. et ij.d. Et debet xxx.s. et viij.d.
J}^ova placita et Novce Conventioiies per Arnisum de Nevill ct
Willelmum Vavassur et Roger urn de Hovenden et Galfridum
de Haia.
Idem Gilbertus r.c. de cm. de hominibus de Lancastra qui
manent in foresta pro habendo respectu de Rewardo usque ad
aliud reguardum. In th'ro xxxix.li. et viij.s. et viij.d.
Et in Perdonis per breve Regis fratribus Hospitalis vij.s. et vj.d. Et debet xxxvj.li. et xvij.s. et ij.d.
De his qui totum reddiderunt.
Idem Gilbertus r.c. de xxix.li. et xj.s. et viij.d. de Misericordiis hominum et villarum quorum nomina et debita et causae debitorum annotantur in Rotulo [Justiciorum] praedictorum qui liberaverunt in thesauro. In th'ro lib. in xviij. tallis. E. Q. E.
Stephanus de Waleton r.c. de xl.s. pro logia facta in foresta. In th'ro ij.m. Et debet j.m.
Walter us de Craven r.c. de v.m. pro defalta. In th'ro iij.m. Et debet ij.m.
Benedictus de Peninton r.c. de c s. pro defalta. In th'ro v.m. Et debet xxxiij.s. et iiij.d.
Henricus de Billesbure debet xij.d. pro Blado vastato. Adam filius Ethulf debet iij.s. de misericordia pro eodem. Daniel de
64 THE LAKCASHIEE PIPE ROLLS.
Eueceston deb. iij.s. quia non habuit quos plegiavit. Filius Com de eadem villa debet dim. m. pro eodem.
Willelmus de Cherselawe debet iij.s. pro eodem. Arnaldus de Preston debet iij.s. de misericordia. Adam de Blakeburn debet iiij.s. pro defalta. Eicardus de Harewud' debet v.s. pro defalta. liobertus Archidecanus de Cestre debet xl.m. pro defalta.
De ohlatis Curice.
Simon filius Ucman de Cermel r.c. de x.m. pro habenda terra ct ministerio patris sui. In th'ro xliiij.s. Et debet iiij.li. et ix.s. et iiij.d.
Tomas de Goldeburn r.c. de xxxiij.s. et iiij.d. de Eelevio tercitB partis j. militis. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Idem Gilbertus r.c. de viij.s. de terra qute fuit Haccemundi de Masci. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
De Scutagio Militum ejusdem Honoris.
Idem Gilbertus r.c. de Ixviij.li. et xij.d. de Scutagio Militum ejusdem Honoris quos ad prsesens invenire potest. In th'ro xxv.li. et vj.s. et v.d.
Et in feodo Alberti Grethle xij.li. de quibus Compotus debet^ reddi per se. Et in Perdonis per breve Regis Militibus ejusdem honoris pro Servientibus quos invenerunt loco Militum suorum residentium in eodem Comitatu xix.li. et iiij.s. et vij.d. Et Pogero de Munbugun vj.li. de Militibus suis extra Comitatum de Lan- castra. Et Pogero Esturmi xx.s. Et Pannulfo de Glanvilla xx.s. Et debet Ixxs.
Idem r.c. de eodem debito.
In thesauro xx.s. de Pogero Esturmi. Et in Perdonis per breve Pegis ipsi Pogero xx.s. de feodo j. Militis quod Pex ei per- donat per breve suum pro Piscaria de Oreford quae fuit de feodo ipsius Pogeri quam Pex habet in manu sua. [Et debet l.s.].
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 33 HENRY XL (MICH. 1186-MICH. 1187).
The office of Sheriff was executed this year, by Gilbert Pipard's brother Peter, as his deputy.
At Easter, 1187, King Henry granted fifty-eight solidates of land out of Ids royal demesne in Wellingore, in the parts of Kesteven, co. Lincoln, to one Victor.
The estates of Pogcr, son of Panulph de Marcsey, whose heir
1 deb;.
IIOLL OF 33 HENllY II. (118(3-1187). 65
was in ward to the King, yielded an additional sum of 10s. from the previous year, and 44s. 4:d. for the current year, exclusive of the land which had been assigned to the widow for her dower.
JSTovA PLACITA ET Xov^ CoNVENTiONES. — Arnise de Nevill, William le Vavassour, Eoger de Hovenden (Hoveden), and Geoflrey de Haye, had been in Eyre in the county this year, and had held Forest Pleas. An assessment of 100 marks had been levied upon the inhabitants of the Forests of Lancaster for respite from the Forest Eegard. The brethren of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem were excused their quota, by the King's writ.
Fines amounting to £29 lis. 8d. had been imposed upon various townships and individuals, but the details were only entered in the roll which the Justices delivered to the Treasury. The Sheriff having already collected these fines, had paid them to the Treasury in 18 tallies, and only entered in the Pipe Poll details of the following fines, which had not been paid in full.
Stephen de Walton answered for 40s., the fine imposed upon him for a " lodge " erected within the precincts of the Forest.
William de Craven, Benedict de Pennington, of Bolton in Furness, Adam de Blakeburn, Eichard de Harwood, and Eobert, Archdeacon of Chester, owed sundry fines for default ; Henry de Bilsborough and Adam son of Ethulf, for destruction of their neighbours' corn crops by the trespass of tlieir cattle; Daniel de Euxton, Com . . .'s son, of the same place, and William de Kearsley, for failing to produce before the Justices those for whom they were sureties ; Arnald of Preston for an amerciament.
De oblatis Curiae. — Simon, son of Huckman, of Cartmel, had proffered 10 marks for livery of the land, and appointment to the office held by his father, probably that of bailiff. They both witnessed the grant of one of the moieties of Kewby, made to the monks of Furness by Eobert de Boisvill and Margaret liis wife.
Thomas de Golborne paid 33s. 4d for his relief of the third part of one knight's fee, which his father Augustine held of the Fee of Makerfield, in Golborne, being at the usual rate of 100s. the knic^ht's fee.
An estate late belonging to Hamon de Mascy, of Dunham Mascy, had been temporarily in the King's hands ; the issues amounted to 8s. The Sheriff may have been directed to take the land into the King's hands, until the King's rights had been ascertained by inquest and until the heir, if of full age, had done homage and fealty and given pledges for the payment of his relief.
X
66 THE LANCASHIEE PIPE ROLLS.
De Scutagto Militum ejusdem Honoris. — On the death of Gilbert, son of Fergus, Lord of Galloway, on the 1st January, 1185, his nephew Koland, son of Ughtred son of Fergus, had seized upon Galloway, to the disinheritance of Duncan, son and heir of Gilbert, the said Duncan being in ward to King Henry II. During the summer of 1186, the " Scutage of Galwey " was put in charge, and King Henry moved northward to Carlisle, accompanied by William of Scotland and David his brother, to head the expedition against the intruder. The expedition however, ended at Carlisle upon the receipt from Eoland of satisfactory promises of submission to the King's judgment. Nevertheless, the Scutage, at the rate of £1 upon each knight's fee, was put in course of collection from all those who had not performed military service by accompanyirig the King in this expedition.
The Sheriff of Lancaster returned sixty-eight knights' fees and the twentieth part of a fee, as all that he was able to find, as held of the Honor of Lancaster. Feudatories holding nineteen fees, one-sixth part, and one-fourteenth part of a fee, were excused their quota by royal writ, as they had provided esquires to serve in the place of the knights reseant in their fees.
Eoger de Montbegon was excused his quota from six knights' fees, which he held of the Honor of Lancaster extra Comitatum de Lancastra, i.e. in Lincolnshire.
Eanulph Glanvill was also excused his quota from one knight's fee, which he held in Thorpe Bussel, co. Suftblk.
Roger Esturmy held three knights' fees in Iken and Buxhall, lying near the river Ore, a few miles from Oreford, co. Suffolk. King Henry had taken into his own hands the fishery which lay beneath his Castle of Oreford, which formed part of Esturmy's fee, and in compensation now remitted by writ the scutage of one kniojlit's fee.
MAG. EOT. PIP., 34 HENEICI IL (1187-1188).
(EoLL No. 34. m. 4, dorso.)
Lancastra.
Gilbertus Pipardus Petrus frater ejus pro eo reddit Compotum
de xxiiij.li. numero de veteri firma honoris de Lancastra. In terris
datis Willelmo Marescallo xxiiij.li. et x.s. in Carmel de j. anno et
tribusjpartibus anni per breve Eegis. Et habet de superplus x.s.
Et idem de Nova firma. In th'ro c. et xxj.li. et vj.s. numero. Et in suo superplus x.s.
KOLL OF 34 HENRY 11. (1187-1188). 67
Et in terris datis Willelmo de Valeiiiis x.li. in Coflio. Et Willelmo filio Walkelini ix.li. in Stainesbi. Et Nigello de Greselea iiij.li. et xvj.s. in Drakelawa. Et Engelrano Portario et Eogero de Sancto Albino xx.li. in Crokeston. Et Victori Iviij.s. in Wellingeoura. Et Willelmo Marescallo xxxij.li. in Cartmel.
E. Q. E.
Idem r.c. de vj.li. de Cremento de Preston. Et de xij.s. de firma de Mereton. Et de ij.s. de qnadam Domo escaeta in Preston. Et de viij.s. de Clifton. In tb'ro lib. in iiij. tallis.
E. Q. E.
Idem r.c. de xlv.s. et ij.d. de exitu terrae Kogeri filii Eandulfi hoc anno. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Eobertns Archidecanus de Cestre debet c.s. de misericordia pro foresta. Sed de suo nichil invenitur. Agnes Bone table debet iij.m. pro recognitione feodi j. militis in Appelton. Sed nichil habet.
Eicardus filius Eogeri r.c. de Ixiij.s. pro habenda terra sua quam forisfecerat, in misericordia Eegis pro hlia sua quse erat hseres ejus quam dedit sine licentia Eegis. In th'ro lib.
E. Q. E.
De placitis Godefridi de Luci et sociorum ejus.
Idem Gilbertus r.c. de xiij.s. et iiij.d. de Comuni misericordia. Comitatus de Lancastra pro concelatione Placiti Coronoe. In th'ro viij.s. Et debet v.s. et iiij.d.
Eobertus filius Uchtredi r.c. de Ixxv.s. et vj.d. pro licentia concordandi versus Alexandrum de Preston. In th'ro xl.s. Et debet xxxv.s. et vj.d.
Comitatus de Lancastra r.c. de xiij.s. et iiij.d. pro habendo respectu de placitis forestse. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
De placitis Curice.
Willelmus de Furneis r.c. de iiij.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.d. pro fine terr^. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Idem Vicecomes r.c. de xxx.s. et viij.d. de Comitatu de Lan- castra pro respectu rewardi forestae. In th'ro iiij.s. et viij.d. Et debet xxvj.s.
De placitis Arnisi de Nevill et sociorum ejus. Idem Vicecomes r.c. de xxxvi.li. et xvij.s. et ij.d. de hominibus de Lancastra qui manent in foresta pro habendo respectu de Eewardo usque ad aliud rewardum. In th'ro xxxij.li. et xiiij.s. et viij.d.
F 2
68 THE LAXCASIIIEE PIPE ROLLS.
Et in perdouis per breve Eegis fratribiis Hospitalis vij.s. et vj.d. Et debet Ixxv.s.
Idem r.c. de eodem debito. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Stephanus de Waleton r.c. de j.m. pro logia facta in foresta. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
AValterus de Craven r.c. de ij.m. pro defalta. In th'ro xxj.s. Et debet v.s. et viij.d.
Benedictus de Peninton r.c. de xxxiij.s. et iiij.d. pro defalta. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Henricus de Billesbnre debet xij.d. pro Blado vastato.
Idem Yicecomes r.c. de iij.s. de misericordia Adae filii Ethulf pro Blado vastato. Et de iij.s. de Daniel de Euekeston quia non habuit quos plegiavit. Et de dim. m. de filio Com de eadem villa pro eodem. Et iij.s. de Willelmo de Cherselawa pro eodem.
In donis per breve Eegis fratribus Hospitalis xv.s. et viij.d.
E. Q. E.
Arnaldus de Preston r.c. de iij.s. de misericordia. In th'ro lib.
E. Q. E.
Adam de Blakeburn debet iiij.s. pro defalta.
Piobertus Archidecanus Cestre debet xl.m. pro defalta.
Pdcardus de Harewuda debet v.s. pro defalta.
De ohlatis Curim.
Simon fill us Uckeman de Kertmel r.c. de iiij.li. et ix.s. et iiij.d. pro habenda terra et Ministerio Patris sui. In th'ro Ixxvj.s. et iiij.d. Et debet xiij.s.
Idem Vicecomes reddit c. de xxx.s. de Scutagio Galweie. In th'ro x.s. per Tedbaldum Walteri. Et debet xx.s.
Idem Vicecomes reddit c. de xx.s. de Scutagio Roberti Bertram. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Nova Placita et Novce Conventioncs per Godefridum de Luci et Josce- liniim Archidecanuin Cicestriensem et Willelmuni le Vavassur.
Willelmus filius Michaelis r.c. de xx.s. pro licentia concondandi. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Idem Yicecomes r.c. de iij.m. de Lonesdala Wapentachio pro concelatione placiti Coron?e. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Idem Vicecomes r.c. de ij.m. de Fourneis Wapentachio pro eodem. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Idem Vicecomes r.c. de iiij.m. pro concelatione placiti coronte de Lailand Wapentachio. In th'ro xlix.s.
EOLL OF 34 HENRY 11. (1187-1188). 69
Et in Perdonis per breve Eegis fratribus Hospitalis iiij.s. et iiij.d. E. Q. E.
Idem Vicecomes r.c. de xx.s. de Derebi Wapentachio pro con- celatione placitL coronas. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Eadulfus de Dunun r.c. de j.m. quia retraxit se. In th'ro dim. m. Et debet dim. m.
Eadulfus de Fedesham r.c. de dim. m, pro eodem. In th'ro ij.s. Et debet iiij.s. et viij.d.
Idem Vicecomes r.c. de iiij.m. de Blakeburne Wapentachio pro concelatione placiti Corona, In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Willelmus filius Michaelis debet dim. m. quia retraxit se de appellatione sua. Orm filius Dolfin debet dim. m. pro licentia concordandi. Eobertus filius Uchtredi debet j.m. quia non habuit quem plegiavit. Eobertus de Stokeport debet dim. m. quia quem plegiavit retraxit se. Willelmus filius Eoscelin debet dim. m. quia retraxit se de appellatione sua. Simon filius Evrardi debet dim. m. pro veteri misericordia. Willelmus filius Jacobi debet dim. m. quia retraxit se. Annas de Preston debet vj.m. quia retraxit se de ap23ellatione sua. Adam et Galfridus Brun debent dim. m. quia retraxerunt se. Gilbertus de Samelesbure debet dim. m. quia retraxit se. Willelmus filius Blie debet dim. m. pro eodem. Unfridus filius Warini debet Ix.s. pro Eecreantisa.
Be his qui totum reddideriint.
Idem Vicecomes r.c. de xiiij.li. et vj.s. et viij.d. de Minutis misericordiis hominum quorum nomina et debita et causae debit- orum annotantur in Eotulo praedictorum quem liberaverunt in th'ro. In th'ro lib. in xxxvj. tallis. E. Q. E.
Idem Vicecomes r.c. de viij.s. de terra Hamonis de Masci. In th'ro lib. E. Q. E.
Henricus filius ISTormanni de Eedeman debet j.m. ut finis factus inter eum et Ketellum filium Uchtredi de terra de Levenes re- cordetur in Curia Eegis de Donacione illius terrae quam Ketellus concessit Henrico et Hseredibus suis cujus medietatem Henricus tenebit in Dominico suo et Ketellus tenebit aliam Medietatem de Henrico per idem Servicium quod Henricus inde facit capitali Domino.
NOTES ON THE PIPE PtOLL OF 34 HENPtY II. (MICH. 1187-MICH. 1188).
The Sheriff had still to account for the balance of £24 remaining due for the ferm of the previous year. He does so by claiming allowance for the ferm of land in Cartmel for a period of one
70 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
year and nine months, which King Henry had recently granted to William Marshall. It is not quite clear whether the original grant was of fourteen librates, dating from Christmas, 1185 (on which basis the ferm for one year and nine months would amount to £24 10s.), or of thirty-two librates, dating from Christmas, 1186 (in which case the ferm for nine months would amount to £24), the statements in the EoU being somewhat contradictory. In the account of the current year, the Sheriff claimed allowance for thirty-two librates, and in one or tw^o subsequent years for thirty- three librates, the difference between the two sums being pro- bably a matter of adjustment between the Sheriff and the Treasury. It is however quite clear that the grant ultimately consisted of thirty-two librates.
Cartmel contained nine carucates of land, probably held in bondage. The large contribution to the ferm of the Honor, suggests carucates of considerable acreage, and receipts from other sources, such as mills, fisheries, etc.
In the year 1189, William Marshall espoused Isabel, daughter and heir of Richard de Clare, by which marriage he acquired the Earldom of Pembroke. Between September, 1189, and Easter, 1194,^ he founded at Cartmel a priory of Canons Eegular of St. Augustine, having induced some of the monks of that Order to transfer themselves to that new foundation, from the priory founded in 1142, by William de Evreux, Lord of Salisbury, at Bradenstoke, in Wiltshire.
The Sheriff still owed 305. on account of the " Scutage of Galwey," towards which he received 10s. collected by, or due from, Theobald Walter. He also accounted for 20s. received from Bobert Bertram for the scutage of one knight's fee in Frettenham, CO. Norfolk, which had not been included in his account of the collection of the scutage the previous year.
Nova placita et Nov/e Conventiones. — The Eyre of the
* Tanner attributes this foundation to the year 1188, apparently upon the strength of a Fine levied at "Westminster, on the octave of St. Hillary, 9 John, between William, Prior of Cartmel, and Ralph de Beetham, respecting the common fishery in the river Kent, which Fine he erroneously attributes to the 1 Richard I. The charter of foundation, however, declares that William Marshall made the grant of Cartmel in frankalmoign, and for the health of the souls [inter alia'] of King Richard and bis, the founder's, wife Isabel, whom he married in the year 1189, shortly before Richard's coronation, which took place on the 3rd September, 1189. It is therefore probable that the foundation was made after September, 1189, and before Johr, Count of Mortain, the King's brother (who confirmed William Marshall's grant), lost his Lancashire fief.
ROLL OF 34 HENRY IL (1187-1188). 71
Justices, in the year 1187, appears to have been continued after Michaelmas by Godfrey de Lucy, Josceline, Arclideacon of Ciren- cester, and William le Vavasour. Fines for the concealment of Pleas of the Crown had been imposed upon the whole county as follows : — Lonsdale wapentake, 3 marks ; Furness wap., 2 marks ; Leyland wap., 4 marks, less 4s. 4d., excused to the brethren of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem ; West Derby wap., 205. ; and Blackburn wap., 4 marks.
William, son of Michael [le Fleming of Furness], gave 20s. for licence to concord, and also owed half a mark for having with- drawn from his appeal. Robert de Stockport, Lord of Macclesfield, owed half a mark for having withdrawn himself as surety for some one. Eleven others owed various sums for fines imposed by the Justices, but, with the exception of Kobert, son of Ughtred de Singleton, Orm, son of Dolfin, who held lands in Orgreave, in Furness, and William, son of Rosceline, lord of Ribchester, under Robert de Lacy, who also held a knight's fee inv Hainford, co. Norfolk, of the Honor of Lancaster, of the fee of William Blundel, I have not been able to identify the others. Humphrey, son of Warin, had incurred the fine of 60s. for recreancy, probably in absenting himself upon the occasion of a wager by battle.
In connection with the same Eyre, the Sheriff had paid into the Treasury, in thirty-six tallies, the sum of £14 Qs. 8d., which he had collected from those who had already paid in full the fines imposed upon them by the Justices. The Roll supplies no details of their names nor the cause of their respective fines.
Henry, son of Norman de Redman, a military tenant of de Lancaster, in Yealand, co. Lane, and elsewhere in co. Westmor- land, proffered 1 mark in order that the Fine levied between himself and Ketel, son of Ughtred, concerniug the territory of Levens in Westmorland, should be inscribed upon the Roll of the Curia Regis. By this agreement Ketel granted to the said Henry and his heirs the whole of the Manor of Levens, one moiety to be held by the said Henry in his demesne, tlie other to be held by Ketel of the said Henry by an equivalent service to that which Henry rendered to the chief lord for the same, Levens was parcel of the Barony of Kendal, and from that day to the present time has continued in two moieties, called, respectively, Over and Nether Levens.
72 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
MAG. EOT. PIP., 35 HENEICI II. (1188-1189).
(EOLL No. 35. m. 1, dor so.)
Lancastra.
Gilbertus Pipardus reddit Compotum de cc.li. numero de tirma de Lancastra. In th'ro xl.li. et xiij.s. numero. Et in terris datis Willelmo de Valeines x.li. in Coflio. Et Willelmo filio Walkelini ix.li. in Stainesbia. Et Nigello de Greselea iiij.li. et xvj.s. in Drakelawa. Et Engelrano Portario et Eogero de Sancto Albino xx.li. in Crokeston. Et Victori Iviij.s. in Wellingoura. Et Willelmo Marescallo xxxiij.li. in Cartmel. Et Jolianni Comiti Moritonise l.li. de quarta parte anni et Amodo totum. Et debet xxix.li. et xiij.s. Sed Eequirendi sunt a Stephano Eidel qui cepit in manu coram Cancellario et thesaurio et aliis Baronibus Scaccarii ad reddendos illos pro Comite Johanne qui eos habuerat.
Idem r.c. de vj.s. de firma de Mereton. Et de iiij.s. de firma de Clyfton quos acceperat antequam Comes Moritonise eas haberet per Eegem. In th'ro lib. in ij. tallis. E. Q. E.
Eobertus Archidecanus de Cestre debet c.s. de misericordia Eegis pro foresta. Sed nichil habet.
Agnes Bonetable debet iiij.m. pro recognitione feodi j. militis in Appelton. Sed nicliil habet.
Be placitis Godefridi de Luci et Sociorum ejus.
Idem Vicecomes debet v.s. et iiij.d. de Communi misericordia Comitatus de Lancastra pro concelatione Placitorum Coronte, qui requirendi sunt in Dominio Alberti Gresle.
Eobertus filius Uchtredi r.c. de xxxv.s. et vj.d. pro licentia concordandi versus Alexandrum de Preston. In th'ro x.s. Et debet xxv.s. et vj.d.
Idem Vicecomes [r.c. de] xxvj.s. de Comitatu de Lancastra pro respectu rewardi foresta^, qui exigendi sunt a Tedbaldo Walteri.
Walterus de Craven deb. v.s. et viij.d. pro defalta. Henricus de Billesbure debet xij.d. pro Blado vastato.
Adam de Blakeburn r.c. de iiij.s. pro defalta. In th'ro lib.
E. Q. E.
Eobertus Archidecanus Cestre debet xl.m. pro defalta. Eicar- dus de Harewuda debet v.s. pro defalta.
Simon filius Uckeman r.c. de xiij.s. pro habenda terra et Ministerio Patris sui. In th'ro xj.s. Et debet ij.s.
Idem Vicecomes debet xx.s. de Scutagio Galvveie qui exigendi sunt a Eogero Esturmi.
ROLL OF 35 HENRY IL (1188-1189). 73
De Placitis Godefridi de Luci et Sociorum ejus.
Eadulfus de Dunun deb. dim. m. quia retraxit se. Eadulfus de Fedeshain debet iiij.s. et viij.d. pro eodem. Willelmus filius Michaelis debet dim. m. quia retraxit se. Orm filius Dolfin debet dim. m. pro licentia concordandi. Robertus filius Uchtredi debet j.m. quia non habuit quem plegiavit. Robertus de Stokeport debet dim. m. quia quum plegiavit retraxit se. Willelmus filius Roscelin debet dim. m. quia retraxit se. Simon filius Evrardi r.c. de dim. m. pro veteri moneta. In th'ro v.s. Et debet xx.d. Willelmus filius Jacobi r.c. de dim. m. quia retraxit se. In th'ro lib.
E. Q. E.
Annas de Preston debet vj.m. quia retraxit se de appellatione sua. Adam et Galfridus Brun debent dim. m. pro eodem. Gilbertus de Samelesbure debet dim. m. pro eodem. Willelmus filius Blie debet dim. m. pro eodem. Unfridus filius Warin debet Ix.s. pro Ke- creantisa.
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 35 HENRY IL (MICH. 1188-MICH. 1189).
On Thursday, July 6th, 1189, King Henry died at Cliinon, in the province of Touraine.
Immediately after his accession, King Eichard granted to his brother John, Count of Mortain, the castles and Honors of Marl- borough, Lancaster, including the whole county, Ludgershall, the Peak, and Bolsover ; the town and Honor of Nottingham, and the Honors of Wallingford and Tickhill without the castles ; the Counties of Derby, Devon, Dorset, Somerset, and Cornwall. {Hovedeii, III. pref. p. xxv.) Besides this princely estate, John had previously received the great Gloucester inheritance with his wife Isabel, daughter and heiress of William, Earl of Gloucester.
Gilbert Pipard, in rendering his account, answers for nine months of the year only, claiming allowance for £50 of the ferm of the Honor for the fourth part of the year, the period during which the Honor had been in the hands of Count John, and after that he claims allowance for the whole. After allowing for the various grants, which had at this time reduced the net ferm of the Honor to the sum of £120 6s., and after taking credit for the payment of £40 13s. to the Treasury, a balance of £29 13s. still remained due from the Sheriff, who, however, explained that this sum was to be claimed from Stephen Eidel, who had taken it in the presence of the Chancellor and Treasurer and other Barons
74 THE LANCASHIRE PIPE ROLLS.
of the Exchequer, on Count John's behalf, who had received that sum.
The remainder of the Eoll consists of the recapitulation of debts still due on account of the Eyre of Godfrey de Lucy and his associates. These debts all re-appear five years later, after King Eichard had resumed possession of the Honor of Lancaster, about Easter, 1194.
MAG. EOT. PIP., 2 EICAEDI L (1189-1190).
From the Westmorland Pipe Eoll.
Osbertus de Longo Campo r.c. de Iviij.li. et x.s. et iij.d. numero de firma de Westmerieland cum Noutegeldo de dimidio anno, per juratam duodecim Militum ejusdem Honoris per pmeceptum Willelmi Elyensis Episcopi, Cancellarii domini Eegis. In th'ro Nichil.
Et in suo Superplus de Exitu terrarum et Catallorum qui aufugerunt pro assultu Judseorum xliij.li. et xiiij.s. et viij.d.
Et in Quietantia terrarum Alani de Valeines j.m. de dimidio anno per Cartam domini Eegis quam habet. Et in Quietantia terrse Gillberti filii Eenfridi vij.li. et iij.s. et ij.d. de Notegeldo et consuetudine de dimidio anno.
Et Eidem Gillberto iiij.li. et ix.s. et j.d. de Kendala quam Eex ei dedit de dimidio anno.
Et Eidem Gillberto l.s. in Piscaria de Kendala de dimidio anno.
E. Q. E.
NOTES ON THE PIPE ROLL OF 2 RICHARD L (MICH. 1189-MICH. 1190).
By a Charter dated at York, the 15th of April, in the first year of his reign (1190), King Eichard granted and confirmed to Gilbert, son of Eoger fitz Eeinfred, the whole Forest of Westmorland, of Kendal and of Furness, to hold in fee, together with six librates of land in Kendal, as freely as William de Lancaster L, son of Gilbert, and Nigel de Albini had held the same; further con- ceding that what was waste in the woods of Westmorland and Kendal, in the time of the said William de Lancaster L, should still continue waste, excepting the purpresture made by the licence and consent of the Lords of the fief of Westmorland and Kendal, under whom the said Gilbert had hitherto held his estates. By two other Charters, of about the same date. King Eichard further
ROLL OF 6 RICHARD L (1193-1194). 75
granted that the Noutgeld or Cornage payment of £14 6s. 4:d. per annum, which Gilbert and his predecessors had long paid in commutation of the original render in cattle, should be converted into the service of one knight ; that the customary suit of Shire, Wapentake or Tithing and tallage of Sheriff or Bailiff, should be wholly remitted ; and that the said Gilbert's estate in Levens, Farleton, Beetham, Preston-Eichard, Holme, Burton, Hincaster, Preston-Patrick and Lupton, and the fishery appurtenant to those lands, should likewise be held by the service of one knight, in lieu of Cornage and other customary services rendered for the same.
In the year 1166, William de Lancaster I. is returned as holding two knights' fees " de novo feoffamento " under Eoger de Mov/bray, son and successor of Nigel de Albini. These two fees were the Lordship or reputed Barony of Kendal, which, although returned as held in capite, was as a matter of fact a member of the Barony of Westmorland, at that time the possession of Hugh de Morvill. There is some uncertainty as to whether this Barony continued in the Crown after de Morvill's forfeiture in 1171, or was re-granted to Theobald de Valoines, whose daughter Berta was the wife of Eanulph de Glanvill, the Justiciar. It was, however, in the King's hands immediately after the accession of Eichard I., and that sovereign, in consideration of Gilbert fitz Eeinfred's proffer of 200 marks and £100, separated Kendal from that Barony, converted the former into a fee held directly of the Crown, and granted remission of the Noutgeld or Cornage service.
MAG. EOT. PIP., 6 EICAEDI L (1193-1194). (Poll No. 40. m. 9.)
Lancastra.
Theobaldus Walteri recldit Compotum de c.li. de firma de Lancastra de dimidio anno numero. In thesauro xlvj.li. et iij.s. numero.
Et in terris datis Willelmo de Valeines c.s. in Cofho de dimidio anno. Et Willelmo filio Walkeline iiij.li. et x.s. in Stainesbia de eodem termino. Et Nigello de Greselea xlviij.s. in Drakelawa de eodem termino. Et Engelranno Portario et Eogero de Sancto Albino x.li. in Crokeston de dimidio anno. Et Victori xxix.s. in Wellingoura de dimidio anno. Et Willelmo Marescallo xvj.li. et x.s. in Cartmel de dimidio anno. Et (sic, and a space). Et
76 THE LANCASHIEE PIPE ROLLS.
in defalta Instauramenti de Lancastra, scilicet de xv. Carriicis de Dominiis Eegis ejusdem honoris vij.li. et x.s. de dimidio anno. Et de XV. vaccariis A'ij.li. et x.s. de dimidio anno. Et de quater xx. equabus xl.s. de dimidio anno. Et de c. ovibus x.s. de dimidio anno. Et debet vj.li. et x.s. numero. Sed calumpniatur quod debent ei computari in Navenebi quam Eobertus Euffus habet per Eegem.
Eobertus Archidecanus Cestrae debet c.s. de misericordia Eeuis pro foresta. Sed nichil habet. Agnes bone table debet iiij.m. pro recognitione feodi j. militis in Appelton. Sed nichil habet.
De placitis Goclefridi de Luci et Sociorum ejus.
Idem Theobaldus debet v.s. et iiij.d. de Communi misericordia honoris de Lancastra pro concelatione Placitorum Coronge, qui requerendi sunt in Dominio Alberti Gresle.
Eobertus filius Uchtredi debet xxv.s. et vj.d. pro licentia concordandi versus Alexandrum de Preston.
Idem Theobaldus debet xxvj.s. de honore de Lancastra pro respectu Eewardi forestse. Walterus de Craven debet v.s. et viij.d. pro defalta. Henricus de Billesbure debet xij.d. pro Blado vastato. Eobertus Archidecanus Cestre debet xl.m. pro defalta. Eicardus de Harewuda debet v.s. pro defalta. Simon filius Uckeman debet ij.s. pro habenda terra et Ministerio Patris sui.
Idem Theobaldus debet xx.s. de Scutagio Galweie qui exigendi sunt a Rogero Esturmi.
Eadulfus de Dunum debet dim. m. quia retraxit se.
Eadulfus de Fedesham debet iiij.s. et viij.d. pro eodem. Willel- mus filius Michaelis debet dim. m. pro eodem. Orm filius Dolfin debet dim. m. pro licentia concordandi. Eobertus filius Uchtredi debet j.m. quia non habuit quem plegiavit. Eobertus de Stokeport debet dim. m. quia quum plegiavit retraxit se. Willelmus filius Eoscelin debet dim. m. quia retraxit se. Simon filius Evrardi debet xx.d. pro veteri Moneta.
Annas de Preston debet vj.m. quia retraxit se appellatione sua. Adam et Galfridus Brun debent dim. m. pro eodem. Gilbertus de Samelesbure debet dim. m. pro eodem. Willelmus filius Blie debet dim. m. pro eodem.
Unfridus filius Walteri Warin debet lx.s. pro Kecreantisa.
ROLL OF 6 EICIIAKD L (1193-1194). 77
Nova placifa et Novce Conventiones dc finihus factis in Lancastra jpro habenda benevolentia Regis. Scilicet de ho7ninihus Comitis Joliannis.
Adam de Kellet r.c. de xx.m. pro habenda benevolentia Eegis. In th'ro xv.m. Et debet v.m.
Henricus de Eademau r.c. de c. et xx.m. pro eodem. In th'ro xxj.li. et vj.s. et viij.d. Et debet Iviij.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.d. De quibus debet reddere per annum Ix.m.
Benedictus Gernet r.c. de xx.li. ut teneat in pace terras et forestam unde saisitus est iit de hsereditate sua. In th'ro x.li. et Debet x.li.
Adam filius Osberti r.c. de x.m. pro habenda benevolentia Eegis. In th'ro iiij.li. et vj.s. et viij.d. Et debet xlvj.s. et viij.d.
Gilbertus de Croft r.c. de x.m. pro eodem. In th'ro iiij.li. Et debet liij.s. et iiij.d.
Eicardus de Molinell r.c. de c.s. pro eodem. In th'ro iiij.li. et xij.s. et iiij.d. Et debet vij.s. et viij.d.
Henricus Falconarius r.c. de xv.m. pro eodem. In th'ro viij.li. et xiij.s. et iiij.d. Et debet xxvj.s. et viij.d.
Eobertus clericus de Waleton r.c. de xxx.m. pro eodem. In th'ro xiij.li. et vj.s. Et debet vi.li. et x.s.
Walterus de Paries r.c. de c.s. pro eodem. In th'ro iiij.li. et xiij.s. Et debet vij.s.
Willelmus Pincerna r.c. de xxx.m. pro eodem. In th'ro viij.li. xiij.li. et dim. m. Et debet x.m.
Eogerus de Middelton r.c. de v.m. pro esse ut habeat saisinam terras suae. In th'ro j.m. Et debet iiij.m.
Alanus filius Outi r.c. de viij.m. pro eodem. In th'ro lib.
E. Q. E.
Eobertus filius Henrici r.c. de xx.m. pro habenda pace et benevolentia Eegis. In th'ro vij.li. Et debet vj.li. et vj.s. et viij.d.